CL-ASS: An efficient and low-cost certificateless aggregate signature scheme for wireless sensor networks

Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network (VANET) is an open environment. In VANET, it needs protect some privacy information of the vehicle, such as the real identity of the vehicle, the number of the vehicle. Certificateless aggregate signature (CLAS) scheme can reduce the calculation cost and communication cost due to the aggregation property, which is important part of cryptography. In this paper, we present two CLAS schemes proposed recently and also give a security analysis on the two CLAS schemes. By security analysis on the both CLAS schemes, it finds that the two CLAS schemes can be forged by the malicious enemy by replacing the public key of the user but without knowing the master key of key generation center. At the same time, we also show that second CLAS scheme does not satisfy the tractability property. In other words, the malicious vehicle cannot be traced after it makes some malicious signatures. We also present an improved CLAS schemes based on the original CLAS scheme respectively. By some security analysis and efficiency analysis, it can find that the improved CLAS schemes both not only can overcome the security problem but also are still efficient.

The existing certificateless aggregate signature schemes have problems in terms of security and efficiency: some schemes are not secure, which does not satisfy the claimed unforgeability, others are secure, but the calculation and communication cost are large. Based on the comprehensive consideration of security and efficiency, this paper designs a new certificateless aggregate signature scheme without bilinear pairing, proves the security of the scheme under the random oracle model and computational Diffie-Hellman problem. The new scheme not only overcomes the security problem of the existing scheme, but also has a fixed length of aggregate signature. The user does not need to exchange a large amount of information when performing single signature, so that users can dynamically join the aggregate signature.

Cryptanalysis and improvement of a certificateless aggregate signature scheme

Profiling environmental parameter using a large number of spatially distributed wireless sensor network (WSN) NODEs is an extensive illustration of advanced modern technologies, but high power requirement for WSN NODEs limits the widespread deployment of these technologies. Currently, WSN NODEs are extensively powered up using batteries, but the battery has limitation of lifetime, power density, and environmental concerns. To overcome this issue, energy harvester (EH) is developed and presented in this paper. Solar-based EH has been identified as the most viable source of energy to be harvested for autonomous WSN NODEs. Besides, a novel chemical-based EH is reported as the potential secondary source for harvesting energy because of its uninterrupted availability. By integrating both solar-based EH and chemical-based EH, a hybrid energy harvester (HEH) is developed to power up WSN NODEs. Experimental results from the real-time deployment shows that, besides supporting the daily operation of WSN NODE and Router, the developed HEH is capable of producing a surplus of 971 mA·hr equivalent energy to be stored inside the storage for NODE and 528.24 mA·hr equivalent energy for Router, which is significantly enough for perpetual operation of autonomous WSN NODEs used in environmental parameter profiling.

Herein, an Internet of Things (IoT) system with remote reconfigurable wireless sensor network (WSN) nodes is presented and its application to measure group work activity in a classroom is discussed. This IoT system consists of wiki pages, bots, (defined as remotely controlled devices), gateways, and remotely reconfigurable WSN Nodes. The bots/gateways and WSN nodes of the IoT system are controlled by scripts written on wiki pages that are read by the bot/gateways, which then forward the commands contained in the scripts to the WSN nodes. Each WSN node then executes the commands, obtains the resulting sensor values, and then returns those values to the bot/gateways. The bot/gateways relay the values and write them onto the wiki page. Each WSN node is flexible and reconfigurable because its behavior can be changed by the script commands written onto the wiki page. Using this IoT system, we created a measurement system to evaluate activity levels of group work in a classroom. After developing the measurement system, we found it was possible to adjust the sampling rate for obtaining sensor values simply by rewriting the script on the wiki page without directly manipulating the WSN.

In this paper, we propose two certificateless aggregate signature schemes, which are the first aggregate signature schemes in the CL-PKC. The first scheme CAS -1 reduces the costs of communication and signer-side computation but loses on storage, while CAS - 2 minimizes the storage but sacrifices the communication. We can choose one of the above schemes by the consideration of the implementation requirement. Our schemes do not need the public key certificate anymore and achieve the trust level 3, the same level with traditional PKI. Both of the schemes are proven secure in the random oracle model(ROM) by assuming the intractability of the computational Diffie-Hellman(CDH) problem over groups with bilinear maps.

A new attack against a novel certificateless aggregate signature scheme with constant pairing computations is presented. To enhance security, a new certificateless signature scheme is proposed first. Then a new certificateless aggregate signature scheme with constant pairing computations based on the new certificateless signature scheme is presented. Security analysis shows that the proposed certificateless aggregate signature scheme is provably secured in the random oracle.

In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), where resources are scarce, lightweight cryptography is crucial and difficult. The Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) technology, and a modified RC5 algorithm are used in this study to achieve efficient encryption for WSN nodes. WSN are essential for monitoring temperature, humidity, vibrations, and seismic activity. However, processing capacity, memory, and energy constraints make data security difficult in these networks. CoAP, FPGA, and a modified RC5 algorithm provide security, computational load reduction, and energy efficiency in resource-limited WSN. This research is crucial because it creates cryptographic mechanisms that accommodate WSN unique needs. By protecting data integrity and confidentiality, these mechanisms ensure data transmission security and privacy. Data security and efficiency in WSN require innovative cryptographic, FPGA-based hardware acceleration, and protocol optimization solutions. These methods could improve these vital sensing networks. This research lays the foundation for protecting the accuracy and security of WSN node data collected and transmitted with limited resources while optimizing resource allocation.

Unattended wireless sensor networks (WSNs) collect and store sensed data in the absence of a base station (sink). WSN data aggregation is a widely accepted approach to improve storage and communication efficiency. But the vulnerability of low-cost WSN nodes to compromise makes the use of secure protocols mandatory. As most secure data aggregation algorithms use the base station as a trust anchor, unattended WSNs need new solutions for secure data aggregation. We address exactly this problem, proposing a new resilient data aggregation scheme that protects data integrity and remains robust to a wide range of attacks, integrating Quality-of-Information (QoI) as a defense mechanism. We argue that a QoI metric accompanying every aggregation result is necessary for the WSN user, to assess the quality of obtained data and detect errors or attacks. Even with a significant fraction of the WSN nodes controlled by the attacker, our scheme identifies and mitigates the effect of the attacks. This is supported by our analysis, with simulations of realistic strong attacks. The practicality of our scheme is supported by our proof of concept implementation.

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) suffers from different malware attacks. Several traditional approaches are proposed for detecting fault nodes in WSN. It is necessary to redistribute the nodes and detect the fault nodes while modifying the WSN parameters. Faults can occur in the nodes interrupting the continuous communication process of the nodes in the WSN. The main reason for a fault is also the induction of the energy drain in a node to the maximum possible level, failure of links in communicating nodes due to bandwidth constraints, and attacks induced by the malicious nodes. To solve this problems, Extended Finite State Machine based Fault Tolerance (EFSM_FT) in the WSN is used to detect the fault sensor nodes in the WSN. In this approach, called the finite state machine (FSM), state prompted is modified while a set of situations are true. Every node can be absolutely to be faulty or not establishing on the sensor node states. Using sensor energy, drop rate, forward sensor rate, sensor obtained rate, bandwidth, and transmission delay, this method finds the node with the fault. As a result, this approach accurately detects the faulty nodes in the WSN. The simulation outcomes illustrate the proposed method has a better fault detection ratio and minimizes the false negative ratio in the WSN.

Recently, the technology of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) experiences a growing use in home automation or advanced industry infrastructure applications. Despite a strong interest of industries in this technology, key issues like miniaturization and security of WSN nodes has not been solved yet. State-of-the-art WSN nodes do not provide credible security nor satisfying configurability and miniaturized implementations. This publication deals with these limitations and presents a WSN node that provides security, configurability, and a miniaturized design. To show the sensor node feasibility, the WSN node is implemented within a smart home demonstrator. Additionally, a miniaturized pre-study WSN node design is presented using the novel embedded wafer level ball grid array (eWLB) packaging technology. Furthermore, an eWLB based WSN node design is proposed that further miniaturize the presented WSN node.

Over the past decades, hardware and software technologies for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have significantly progressed, and WSNs are widely used in various areas including Internet of Things (IoT). In general, existing WSNs are mainly used for applications that require delay-tolerance and low-computation due to the poor resources of traditional sensor nodes in WSNs. However, compared to the traditional sensor nodes, today’s devices for WSNs have more powerful resource. Thus, sensor nodes these days not only conduct sensing and transmitting data to servers but also are able to process many operations, so more diverse applications can be applied to WSNs. Especially, many applications using audio data have been proposed because audio is one of the most widely used data types, and many mobile devices already have a built-in microphone. However, many of the applications have a requirement that heavy-operations should be done by a tight deadline, so it is difficult for a single node in WSNs to run relatively heavy applications by itself. In this paper, to overcome this limitation of WSNs, we propose a new emerging system, HeaLow, a cooperative computing system for heavy-computation and low-latency processing in WSNs. We designed HeaLow and carried out the practical implementation on real devices. We confirmed the effectiveness of HeaLow through various experiments using the real devices and simulations. Using HeaLow, nodes in WSNs are able to perform heavy-computation processes while satisfying a completion time requirement.

SummaryWith the rapid development of artificial intelligence, the intelligent distribution network can effectively improve the overall power supply quality of the distribution system. The designed distributed power has been able to achieve an optimal operation of grid connection, while the high‐speed operation of distribution equipment can achieve effective interaction with users. At present, intelligent distribution network is widely studied and applied in power industry because of its advantages of high efficiency energy and environmental protection. Because of its unique characteristics, such as low cost and fast speed, wireless sensor network is cleverly applied in intelligent distribution network. However, wireless sensor network has some defects in energy utilization due to its large range and too many nodes. This paper presents a cross‐layer cooperative control model, which can control the real time and reliability of network power data communication through stack protocol layer. This method can learn the weight value adaptively by training the influence relationship between the parameters of each protocol layer and achieve real‐time and reliable data communication by adjusting the policy and parameters of each layer in real time. This method takes the parameters of each wireless sensor node as the unit to establish the influence relationship between each other so as to realize the connection between each node of wireless sensor network and then to control the wireless sensor network as a whole to ensure the real‐time reliability of data communication in intelligent distribution network. In this paper, a lot of simulation experiments have been done, and the results show that the proposed cross‐layer cooperative control model can control the whole wireless sensor network to achieve efficient data transmission capacity of intelligent distribution wireless sensor network.

Self-powered wireless sensor networks based on the radioisotope thermoelectric generator for aquatic temperature monitoring

An aggregate signature (AS) scheme combines multiple signatures which is generated by many different users into a single one. This feature is very beneficial for diminishing storage cost, bandwidth and verification cost. Many previous attempts have been made for designing AS schemes, while the former security models have not clearly addressed coalition attacks, and most of the existing AS schemes cannot resist these kinds of attacks. In this study, the authors provide a modified security model of certificateless AS (CLAS) schemes and then give a new CLAS scheme. The security of their present scheme can be rigorously proved based on the computational Diffie-Hellman assumption in the random oracle model. Furthermore, their scheme can resist such coalition attacks, i.e. an AS in their scheme is valid iff all single signatures used to generate the AS are valid.