Cluster trimming: Improving segment homogeneity in product testing with consumers

<p>This community service program was carried out to help fruit brem craftsmen in Sidetapa Village so that their products are more acceptable to the market. Sidetapa Village has been able to develop itself as a tourist destination. Visits from various parties, both tourists, elements of the government, and academics, positively impacted the development of tourism in the village. In its development, the people of Sidetapa Village were able to produce products to support tourism activities, and even became one of the superior products, namely brem made from local fruits using a fermentation technique. Brem is produced as a fermented drink with three flavors: honey wine, mangosteen rind, and mangosteen fruit. To make the product acceptable to the people, the producers of fruit brem in Sidetapa Village received assistance in product and market testing. Implementing this community service program consists of assisting in product sales analysis, product testing in the laboratory to determine the nutritional content of products and more informative packaging. Through product testing, Sidetapa’s fruit brem can provide information about the content of alcohol, sugar and carbohydrates per one bottle of drink. Meanwhile, through a market test, artisans can find out market tastes. It is hoped that through this assistance, fruit brem producers in Sidetapa Village can maintain their product production in terms of quality and quantity.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>brem; fruit; product; Sidetapa; tourism</p>

According to findings presented in this paper, comparative product tests substantially influence the market behaviour of industrial and trade businesses in the Federal Republic of Germany. Moreover, they most likely have an impact on market structures and market performance as well. This points to the enormous potential of product testing as an instrument of consumer and anti-trust policies. There is some evidence, however, that product testing may also produce effects which are less desirable from a consumer or anti-trust point of view. Yet, these unwanted side effects of product testing could largely be prevented by observing a number of measures, aimed at improving product test procedures. It is therefore no doubt feasible to improve the degree to which product testing meets the goals of consumer and anti-trust policy.

Deep Gas exploration wells in the Fahud Salt Basin located in North Oman were traditionally drilled with high mud weights. Due to this conventional drilling practice in low permeability reservoirs and inherent petrophysical measurement and sampling limitations, a high level of uncertainty remained as to the presence of producible (or commercial) gas. This resulted in an increased risk when the decision to complete, hydraulically fracture and production test was taken – or conversely, the well was abandoned. Often, even test results proved inconclusive, with a strong suspicion of impaired reservoir obscuring the true production potential. The well discussed here was the 12th well that penetrated a tight Paleozoic reservoir in the Fahud Salt Basin and stepped away from this work flow due to the high cost and low success rate for the previous 11 wells. Of the previous 11 wells, one well tested economic gas flow, four were marginally economic and 6 ultimately deemed inconclusive. In this well, the primary objective of the vertical pilot hole was to unambiguously identify mobile hydrocarbons. UBD was selected as the key technology to meet this goal. Once the objective was achieved in the pilot hole, the budget for drilling a lateral hole, with the aim to optimize production, could be more confidently released. To drill this well underbalanced, by reducing the mud weight from 16 kPa/m to 10.1 kPa/m well site water, PDO management had to change their well control mindset and take on the risk of major borehole breakouts and stuck pipe. The result of confronting these two major risks was manageable well control and a largely in-gauge well bore, allowing high quality wireline logs in the pilot hole and LWD logs in the lateral section. Most importantly, the flow measured while drilling and during a short UBD production and build-up test in this well was the most direct and unequivocal reservoir evaluation available in any of the tight gas wells of North Oman. The technical success of this exploration project resulted in the planning of eight more underbalanced exploration wells on neighbouring prospects, some of them with even deeper reservoirs and more pressure uncertainties.

Test-enhanced learning refers to the fact that taking an initial test on studied material enhances its later retention relative to simply studying the material and then taking a final test. Most research on the testing effect has been done with materials such as word lists, and the general finding has been that the benefits of testing are greater when the initial test is a recall (production) test rather than a recognition test. We briefly summarize three experiments that extend these results to educationally relevant materials, namely brief articles, lectures, and materials in a college course. All three experiments demonstrated a robust testing effect and also revealed that an initial short-answer test produced greater gains on a final test than did an initial multiple-choice test. Furthermore, one experiment revealed a positive effect of immediate feedback given with the initial test. The educational implications are that production tests (short answer or essay) and feedback soon after learning increase learning and retention. In addition, frequent testing probably has the indirect positive effects of keeping students motivated and leading them to space out periods of study.

Production test and device I/O characterization are different tasks. Measurements and analysis associated with these different tasks need quite different tools. 1 Serial Data Links -the future is “bright” The 2001 ITRS predicted serial datacom rates reaching 40 GBPS by this year, doubling within a decade - and 40 GBPS production devices now exist. A 12.5 ps unit interval is tiny by today’s standards; for reliable data transmission to reach these rates the challenges are daunting. Despite this, we can fully expect such serial data links. What is required for them to be producible? Quite simply: reliable design, consistent process technology, and solid production test capability. 2 Design Qualification vs Production Test It is absolutely necessary to distinguish clearly between design qualification/characterization and the sort of test necessary to guarantee that a particular device is manufactured properly. Yet to sort one from the other is no mean task. It only takes a few extra ohms of interconnect to marginalize a good design; these few extra ohms will displace a transition by a few but unacceptably large number of picoseconds. Each bit in a high-speed serial data stream can be characterized by two key parameters: unit interval and individual edge displacement, expressed as a fraction of unit interval. Edge displacement is often referred to as jitter. Jitter is an unfortunate term, as it masks what is actually going on. Yes, some edges are out of place, but why are they? Displaced edges are created by intersymbol interference, internal systematic path or propagation delay errors, clock phase error, and random noise. These errors must be identified and minimized during the design qualification phase; the design is acceptable if error rate is sufficiently below target unless the product is defective. Key point: “random noise” in semiconductors is not very large. RJ in excess of 1 ps is more likely to be instrumentation noise than true circuit noise, or else is uncorrelated systematic error. This error is likely to be correctable in design. Laboratory equipment is generally capable of acquiring the data necessary to characterize today’s I/O designs. However, it is a costly mistake to attempt to translate these characterization tasks into a production test requirement. Measuring “jitter” in a production test environment is unneeded. What might be measured (and compared to design minimum, nominal, and maximum) are bit-by-bit displacements focused specifically on the structure of the specific serializers or deserializers in the signal path. This requirement is derived from the concept of defect-based testing: each element in the circuit (whether transistor, passive component, or interconnect) has a target quality requirement; if it is not manufactured to this quality requirement then something - something specific - is wrong. Yet this overall approach is insufficient by itself. It misses the tight coupling of the serial data stream to its internal self-aligned clock. If this clock is too erratic, then perfect serializing or deserializing circuitry will break. Conclusion: production test has two requirements: qualify the clock and qualify the bit generators or extractors. There should be no need for long data streams, or concomitant long test times.

The paper analyzes the control of regime parameters during grain drying in grain dryers. It has been established that direct monitoring of the heating temperature of grain and its humidity in the dryer column in the grain layer is complicated by the uncertainty of sensor readings placed in the layer, which is caused by a significant difference in the heating temperature of the grain as a thermolabile material and a high-temperature heat carrier. The work considers various methods of preventing fire-hazardous situations and deterioration of grain quality as a result of its overheating by traditional methods by mechanical sampling of grain from a column and measuring its temperature and humidity using dielectric, conductometric or microwave methods of measurement. In order to determine the heating temperature of the grain indirectly by the temperature of the spent drying agent, an installation has been developed. The results of its production tests, the prototype design and technical characteristics are presented. Additional production studies have been carried out to determine the change in the moisture content of grain during the drying process in the grain dryer columns by an indirect method based on the relative humidity of the spent drying agent, as well as laboratory tests on the created testbed. The studies were carried out on wheat grain, grain mixture of wheat and barley, and sunflower seeds. The studies have shown high convergence of results in temperature and good convergence in grain moisture. According to the results of joint mathematical processing of the results of production and laboratory tests, regression equations were obtained for calculating the heating temperature and grain moisture during the drying process using the parameters of the spent drying agent: temperature and its relative humidity.

This study aims to produce learning materials for writing scientific articles for foreign students using the hybrid learning approach. This approach was chosen by utilizing the advantages of offline classes combined with online classes. This approach is in accordance with the characteristics of students as millennials. The development research method used consists of product design, product design, production, and product testing. The end result is learning materials to write scientific articles that are packaged in the form of modules, starting from the debriefing of concepts (f2f), planning of writing (f2f), writing a draft (ol), and editing the draft (f2f) writing process-genre based scientific articles with a hybrid learning approach for foreign students

This study is a research & development, a learning model of connection, extending, review (CER). The steps in this study consist of three steps, those are: (1) preliminary study including literature study, field study and initial product draf aranging; (2) testing with limited testing and broad testing; and (3) product testing through experiment. The analysis result shows that (a) validation step conducted by expert yield expert conclusion that developed CER learning model is generally good and in term of overall model and its learning instrument used (b) in step of model practicality it was o This study is a research & development, a learning model of connection, extending, review (CER). The steps in this study consist of three steps, those are: (1) preliminary study including literature study, field study and initial product draf aranging; (2) testing with limited testing and broad testing; and (3) product testing through experiment. The analysis result shows that (a) validation step conducted by expert yield expert conclusion that developed CER learning model is generally good and in term of overall model and its learning instrument used (b) in step of model practicality it was obtained the overall achievement of practicality aspec that it has fulfill the criteria of very practical; (c) limited test shows analysis result with the effect size on the category of significant effect with improvement mostly in high category. Broad testing with two times of testing in two student groups, shows the effect size of in significant effect category. (3) Product testing through experimental study shows that there was a significant score of students’ mathematical reasoning of experimental group after the implementation of CER learning model with the effect size of category as (0.910) compare to control group with the medium effect size as (0.664). btained the overall achievement of practicality aspec that it has fulfill the criteria of very practical; (c) limited test shows analysis result with the effect size on the category of significant effect with improvement mostly in high category. Broad testing with two times of testing in two student groups, shows the effect size of in significant effect category. (3) Product testing through experimental study shows that there was a significant score of students’ mathematical reasoning of experimental group after the implementation of CER learning model with the effect size of category as (0.910) compare to control group with the medium effect size as (0.664).

Does the product test really make a difference? Evidence from the launch of a new wine

New trends in product testing

Rhinitis with negative skin tests and absent serum allergen-specific IgE: More evidence for local IgE?

This paper describes the general procedure and analysis of an oil well pressure transient test method in which a liquid that is miscible with reservoir oil is injected from the surface at constant rate. Injection significantly reduces surface production test separation and rate measurement equipment requirements, and flaring, thereby reducing testing costs, and safety and environmental risks. Injection of liquid provides for rate control to a precision difficult to attain during production, and although not strictly necessary, allows for a constant rate condition to be practically attained, potentially eliminating a time consuming shut-in and associated test duration and costs. Drilling non-aqueous fluid base oil is a viable miscible injection fluid. A well pressure model is developed that includes the effect of the viscosity difference between injected fluid and reservoir oil. The temperature effect on viscosity is also considered. The model indicates that the duration of the viscosity effect may be short under practical conditions, and is controlled by injection rate. Reservoir parameters estimated from the injection test are identical to those estimated with single-phase production pressure transient tests. A reservoir oil PVT sample must be obtained independently, prior to injection. Conventional pressure transient analysis applications may be used to analyze injection pressure transient data. Introduction This study originated from the desire to obtain reservoir permeability estimates as part of the exploration and delineation of an offshore basin in which the typical play is composed of stacked, fluvial sand reservoirs, forming three-way closures against trapping faults. A method is desired to assess the productivity of as many of the stacked oil bearing intervals as may be discovered in many or all exploration and delineation wells in the drilling program. The success of future development depends on the exploitation of numerous small, vertically and laterally isolated reservoirs. Evaluation of the productivity of many hydrocarbon intervals allows the estimation of the local distribution of reservoir productivity in various regions of the basin. Reservoir productivity estimates from production testing are more reliable than that from wireline flow testing and from core analysis, however the disproportionate costs associated with production testing, related to rig time and surface test equipment rental, discourages liberal use of this method. Production testing also carries safety and environmental risks, particularly from flaring. A flow test method that minimizes test duration, and eliminates the need for surface test equipment, is highly desired.

Maximum short segments of quantity in 120 discrimination tests at the word level were compared between twoand three-choice alternatives and with production test results utilising the same syllable structures. The materials in the perception test were eight kinds of bisyllabic synthetic nonsense words with five different prosodic patterns. These structures were used in the production test. 28 Finnish and Japanese subjects participated in the two perception tests and three speakers of each language in the production test. The results showed that (1) the short vowels/consonants in the two perception tests were longer than in the production tests; (2) the word-structural differences had more effect than the prosodic conditional differences in both Finnish and Japanese in both tests; (3) the short segmental durations were shorter in Finnish in the three choices than in the two choices but the Japanese counterparts were the reverse; (4) there was a correlation in some cases between perception and production.

Geochemistry and sources of hydrate-bound gas in the Shenhu area, northern south China sea: Insights from drilling and gas hydrate production tests

Derivational suffixes are essential part of the competence of any foreign language learner, especially learners of English as a foreign language since English is a derivational language. They help the learners enrich their lexical repertoire, which is necessary in both speaking and writing. The present study tested the production and comprehension of derivational suffixes by third-year and fourth-year students of English as a foreign language at the University of Human Development. The aim was to examine the students’ performance on the production and comprehension levels. Two tests were conducted on 112 students and seven one-way ANOVAs were performed to test the seven hypotheses of the study. The participants in the study were divided into two groups depending on their gender (79 females and 33 males) and into four groups depending on their proficiency level (pass, medium, good and very good). The results of the seven ANOVAs revealed that there were no significant gender differences among the students neither in the production test nor in the comprehension test. However, there were significant differences among the students according to the proficiency level in both tests. According to the frequency of the derivational suffixes, there were significant difference in the students’ performance only in the comprehension test; in the production test, the difference was insignificant. Finally, the performance of the students in the comprehension test was much better than their performance in the production test.