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In December 2019, some new and unexplained cases of pneumonia were found in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, and were later named as coronavirus disease 2019 by the World Health Organisation. The number of cases increased rapidly, and the virus spread continuously. Tens of thousands of medical staff throughout the country have since rushed to Wuhan to provide intensive medical treatment. Due to high levels of stress and work intensity, insufficient sleep and a lack of access to water after entering the isolation ward, staff may suffer from oral mucosal ulcers and other oral mucosal diseases. Police officers, community workers, family members in quarantine and even patients with mild coronavirus 2019, as well as those who have previously had oral mucosal disease, have also reported experiencing discomfort as a result of stress-induced oral mucosal disorders, such as recurrent aphthous ulcers, chronic cheilitis and oral lichen planus. This article will offer some suggestions for the prevention, treatment and care of the above-mentioned oral mucosal diseases during the fight against coronavirus 2019, focusing on measures to deal with the oral mucosal damage caused in response to stress.

Introduction: Since the outbreak of Coronavirus on December 31, 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China, the number of cases from China that have been imported into more than 180 countries and regions around the world. Objective: The goal of this study is to flatten the curve of new infection, through nosocomial transmission by health care system along with early identification of asymptomatic COVID-19 cases. Methods: A Survey was conducted over a period of 35 days. A total of 1709 individuals were screened (647 patients and 1062 patient attendees) coming to emergency Department. The waiting area of Emergency Care was divided into 3 screening zones and a separate second triage is established. The individuals entering are ensured that they are screened at all the 3 zones. Individuals were divided into two Groups after screening: Group A (suspected COVID-19) and Group B (unsuspected COVID-19). In Acute emergencies, the patient was directly treated at second triage. Results: A total of 1709 individuals, 247 in Group A (Suspected COVID-19) and 1462 in Group B (Unsuspected COVID-19). Among 247 individuals, 141 were males and 106 were females. Age ranged from 14-72 years with a mean age of 46.7years. Among 247 individuals (Group A), 81 were patients, of which one case was found to be COVID-19 Positive. Two Health care workers (HCW’s) found to be positive. Conclusion: Challenges from the widespread pandemic underscores the importance of early implementation of a second triage and vigorous screening for all the individuals to minimize the spread of infection, failing which pandemic infection may turn into an epidemic.

This article covers the period from when China first reported the outbreak of COVID-19-source unknown-in Wuhan, Hubei on December 31, 2019 to the commencement of the 73rd session of the World Health Assembly (WHA) of the World Health Organization (WHO) in Geneva on May 18 and 19, 2020. It highlights how Taiwan's success in tackling the COVID-19 outbreak reinforced the Tsai Ing-wen government's quest for observer status in the WHA and defined its spirited campaign to be invited to the 73rd session of the WHA. The article analyzes the impact of the world approbation Taiwan received for containing the outbreak in cross-Strait relations, Taiwan-US ties and Taiwan's pragmatic diplomacy with reference to its campaign to secure the invitation. Analyzing the developments in these three thematic areas pertaining to Taiwan's WHA-WHO cause, it reiterates that universalist values and objectives in the present international order prove ineffectual in the face of power politics. Weaker political entities like Taiwan continue to be squeezed between favorable and unfavorable geopolitical situations. They rely heavily on a favorable geopolitical environment to be heard in the world without any guarantee of success. The Tsai government has succeeded in its bid for the WHA invitation insofar as its objective was to attract international attention towards its predicament vis-a-vis China and sensitize global opinion on the issue of Taiwan's entry into the WHA. However, Chinese power has prevailed and has not allowed any substantial diplomatic gains for Taiwan. As the ramifications of COVID-19-induced geopolitical developments for the world are yet to be fully revealed, Taiwan should prioritize the consolidation of the gains its pragmatic diplomacy has made in its relations with the US and beyond.

Conference General Co-Chairs Prof. Orawan Siriratpiriya, Aquatic Resources Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, ThailandProf. Khaled M. Bali, University of California, San Diego, USAProf. Byoung Ryong Jeong, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University,Korea Conference Program Chair Prof. Koh Hock Lye, Sunway University, Malaysia Technical Committee Prof. Je-Lueng Shie, National I-Lan University, TaiwanProf. Maw Tien Lee, National Chiayi University, TaiwanProf. Małgorzata Szczepanek, UTP University of Science and Technology, PolandProf. Phebe Ding, Universiti Putra Malaysia, MalaysiaProf. Dr. Christopher R. Bryant, Université de Montréal, CanadaProf. Dr. Resul GERÇEKCİOĞLU, Gaziosmanpasa University, TurkeyProf. Dwidjono Hadi Darwanto,Universitas Gadjah Mada, IndonesiaAssoc. Prof. Aglaia (Litsa) Liopa-Tsakalidi,Technological Educational Institute of Western Greece,GreeceAssoc. Prof. Jintana Salaenoi, Kasetsart University, ThailandAssoc. Prof. Subhash J. Bhore, AIMST University, MalaysiaAssoc. Prof. HE Jie, National Institute of Education, SingaporeAssoc. Prof. Pawinee Iamtrakul,Thammasat University, ThailandAssoc. Professor RAMESH.H.RATAGERI, DAVANGERE UNIVERSITY, IndiaDr. Lovorka Gotal Dmitrovic,University North, CroatiaDr. Buncha Pongpisantham, Maejo University, ThailandDr. Dong Shuoxun, Beijing Forestry University, ChinaDr. Hameed Sulaiman, Sultan Qaboos University, OmanDr. Zulfiqar Ahmad, Wuhan University,ChinaDr. Aussanee PICHAKAM, Mahidol University, ThailandDr. Maegala Nallapan Maniyam, Universiti Selangor, MalaysiaDr. Nor Suhaila Yaacob, Universiti Selangor, MalaysiaDr. SASIKARN NUCHDANG,Thailand institute of nuclear technology, ThailandDr. Zhu Chengxiang, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, ChinaDr. Noor Awanis Muslim, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Malaysia

Objective: By describing and analyzing the epidemic characteristics and trends of the attack rate, the crude mortality and relevant indexes in Hubei province during the pandemic of COVID-19 to provide comprehensive evaluations of the epidemic trends and the effects of intervention measures. Methods: Based on the case data reported in Hubei province during the COVID-19 epidemic, combined with the important time of major interventions and event, the cumulative attack rate, the sequential increase rate of new cases, baseline increase rate of new cases, the observation- confirmed case conversion rate, the cumulative crude mortality, the daily severe case rate, and the ratio of death to severe were used to describe and analyze the epidemic characteristics in different phases of the COVID-19 epidemic. Results: The epidemic experienced an outbreak phase from January 10 to February 3 with large amount of case reported, a peak phase from February 4 to February 19 with continuous increasing number of new cases and deaths, a platform phase from February 20 to March 3 with balanced diagnosis and treatment number, and a descending phase from March 4 to March 18 with decreased diagnosis and increased treatment number. Up to March 18, the cumulative attack rate of the COVID-19 epidemic in Hubei province increased from 0.03/10 000 on January 19 to 11.46/10 000, from 0.04/10 000 on January 10 to 45.13/10 000 in Wuhan city, and from 0.002/ 10 000 on January 20 to 3.70/ 10 000 in other areas of Hubei province other than Wuhan city. The increase rate of new cases fluctuated during the epidemic period and reached the highest at February 12 in Hubei province. The cumulative crude mortality in Hubei Province increased rapidly from 1.01% on January 19 to 5.13% on January 26, then decreased to 2.54% on February 13, and then slowly increased to 4.62% on March 18, and similar trend was also observed in Wuhan city. The daily severe rate in Hubei Province increased from 26.88% on January 27 to 34.27% on March 18. The ratio of death to severe decreased from 7.37% on January 23 to 0.35% on March 18. Conclusions: The epidemic cycle of COVID-19 in Hubei province proposed to be 60 days, which was about 1.76 times of the combination of the longest incubation period or isolation period (14 d) and the average hospitalization time of confirmed patients in Hubei province (20 d). It suggested that the major anti-epidemic decisions made in China were effective.

Bletilla striata is a perennial Orchidaceae which is widely distributed in Anhui, Hubei, Guizhou, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan and other provinces in China (He et al. 2017). It has the effects of convergence, haemostasis, clearing away heat and detoxification, reducing swelling and generating muscle (He et al. 2017; Xu et al. 2019). With the reduction in wild resources of B. striata, cultivation can promote the effective conservation of B. striata germplasm resources. Fusarium root rot, leaf spot disease, and other diseases have been reported on this plant in China (Wang et al. 2022, Xu et al. 2022, Zhou et al. 2022). Coleosporium bletiae on B. striata has been reported in Guizhou, Sichuan, and Hubei provinces in China, with frequent occurrence and serious disease incidences in Guizhou province (Xu et al. 2022). In April to November 2021, rust was found in Anhui Bletilla planting base (30°09' to 30°46'N; 115°45' to 116°30'E). Approximately 17% of the B. striata plants showed disease symptoms (Figure S1). Uredinia are hypophyllous, scattered, round, powdery, and are associated with chlortic spots 1-4 mm wide on the upper side of the leaves. After mid-October, the temperature gradually decreased, and reddish-brown telia appeared around uredinia in circular shape. A total of 60 samples with typical symptoms were collected. Urediospore and teliospores were obtained by sterile needles, and their sizes were observed and measured under a microscope with sterile water. Urediospores were orange‒yellow, mainly oval in shape, 27.2-36.8 µm× 17.6-22.8 µm (n=60), and uniformly covered by verrucae on the surface (Figure S2 a-b). Teliospores were clavate, with a smooth surface and golden yellow contents, and gradually narrowed from top to base, ranging in size from 85.33-109.66 μm× 15.27-20.35 μm (n=60) (Figures S2 c-e). Three samples with typical symptoms were selected; approximately 200 μg of Urediospore of the rust pathogen were colleced per sampleand placed in 1.5 mL sterile centrifuge tubes for genomic DNA extraction by the CTAB method (Xu et al. 2022). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA and large subunit (LSU) RNA genes were amplified using primer pairs ITS1/ITS4 (Leclerc et al., 2000) and NL1/NL4 (Zhang et al. 2012), respectively. The obtained sequences were deposited in GenBank (OP363678 for ITS and OP363683 for LSU), which were 100% identical with 100% coverage to the ITS sequence (MN108161, locality: Hubei) and the LSU sequence (KX386038) of Coleosporium bletiae. Based on morphological characteristics and DNA sequences, the isolates were identified as C. bletiae (Figures S2 and Figure S3). To confirm pathogenicity, 2-year-old healthy plants of B. striata were sprayed with 5 mL of urediospore suspension (2.6×105/mL). Plants sprayed with sterile distilled water were used as control. The test was conducted in an artificial climate incubator at 25 ± 1°C with a 12 h light/12 h dark photoperiod (relative humidity = 90%). The experiment was repeated three times. Two weeks after inoculation, typical yellowish chlorosis spots appeared on the leaf surface and a few yellow spore piles appeared on the leaves, which was consistent with the field symptoms (Figure S4). Control plants remained healthy. To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. bletiae causing rust on B. striata in Anhui province of China. Correct identification of this disease is of great importance to develop management strategies to control the disease. There may be seedling transport and spore transmission between Hubei and Anhui.

Based on the historical disaster data of Hubei Province, we constructed a regression model between disaster loss rate, rainstorm intensity and Per Capita GDP. The daily precipitation data under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios and population and GDP data under corresponding SSPs paths were selected to analyze temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and changes of extreme precipitation events, population and population exposure during different periods in Hubei Province. The results showed that: the disaster loss rate is significantly (p < 0.01) correlated with rainfall intensity and per capita GDP. By constructing a disaster loss rate model, it can evaluate population exposure more accurately. Extreme precipitation events in Hubei province were found to decrease spatially from southeast to northwest, and the overall intensity increased with time. The total population of Hubei Province is dense in the east and sparse to the west, and total number under SSP3 path was found to be always higher than SSP2 path. The per capita GDP presents a pattern of decreasing distribution from Wuhan City to the surroundings, and grows rapidly over time, the value under the SSP2 path is always higher than SSP3. The high value center of population exposure to extreme precipitation in Hubei Province was found to shift south and eastward, and due to the rapid growth of per capita GDP, the greatly increase of fortification level, the decreased total population, the total exposure population has been continuously reduced, the extreme precipitation population exposure and total exposed population under the scenario of RCP8.5 are always higher than it under RCP4.5, and the gap will continue to increase in the medium future.

This research develops from a set of basic geographical questions about the outbreak of Covid-19 out of China in Europe The questions dealt with why and why with such strength Italy has been seriously hit, one of the most important cases in terms of death toll out of Hubei Province and mainland China, in the world, making the country a worldwide study case for epidemic concentration and diffusion Questions were also related to geographical similarities among the areas hit, and particularly the Po Valley region and Wuhan metropolitan region in Hubei province, and also related to why such a divide of the virus spreading was identified in Italy between Northern and Central and Southern regions and provinces In order to try to give an answer these questions, authors realized a vast and articulated database of indicators at provincial level in Italy, performing several geographical analyses - ecological approach - based on Spatial autocorrelation and Geographical Weighted Regression, coming to the conclusion that aspects such as land take, pollution can seriously influence the phenomenon and justify a pattern as that observable in Italy The analyses and observation of the phenomenon also suggests that policies based on urban regeneration, sustainable mobility, green infrastructures, ecosystem services can create a more sustainable scenario able to support the quality of public health

The epidemic of COVID-19 has been effectively controlled in China, which provides an empirical basis for intervention analysis. An extended SIR transmission model with heterogeneous force of infectiousness is presented including three fractals sub-models of Wuhan, Hubei and China. The model is built upon the data from January 20 to March 23, 2020. The Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) Gibbs sampling and machine learning of Gaussian process regression are applied to solve the parameters estimation and the sensitivity analysis is used in various scenarios. The model has a breakthrough in parameter setting and accuracy optimization. It is found that contact reduction is the most effective core lever to control the epidemic, with 3.5 times or more sensitivity as much as other levers. The asymmetric marginal effect in strong and weak scenarios proves that Chinese controlling strategy is close to the Pareto Optimality. The intervention effectiveness of COVID-19 in China is evaluated by simulation analysis. The result provides valuable reference for China and other countries to judge the epidemic risk, control the intervention pace, and formulate prevention strategies in the future.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new strain that was discovered in 2019 and has not been previously identified in humans. On December 31st 2019 World Health Organization (WHO) was informed of a cluster of cases with pneumonia of unknown origin from Wuhan City, Hubei province of China. The WHO announced in February 2020 that COVID-19 is the official name of the coronavirus diseases. A total of 519,899 confirmed cases with 23,592 deaths linked to this pathogen as on March 27, 2020 have been reported. Due to increasing number of infected people across the continents and huge loss to human life, the WHO has declared the novel COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic. A pandemic is defined as the "worldwide spread" of a new disease. Currently, no COVID-19 specific treatments have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (US-FDA). However, the current treatment options include hydroxychloroquine, tocilizumab, remdesivir, lopinavir-ritonavir (Kaletra®), and nitazoxanide. In recent past, some natural herbal compounds have demonstrated encouraging anti-viral properties. This article attempted to summarize available information on the reported anti-viral activity of some natural products.

\nIn December 2019, a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was detected in Wuhan Hubei province, China. The virus has caused a global concern because of its high potential for transmission, high morbidity and mortality. COVID-19 spreads so rapidly across an increasing number of countries worldwide that it has been found in more than 200 countries so far. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared COVID-19 a pandemic and public health threat. In general, COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). A case fatality rate of approximately 2.3% has been reported for COVID-19. New fever, cough, lymphopenia and bilateral lung infiltrations are characteristic but not diagnostic for COVID-19. Sore throat, dyspnea, myalgia, diarrhea, and abdominal pain are other presentations of COVID-19. We should also be attentive to the probability of atypical presentations in patients who are immunocompromised. While the majority of cases result in mild respiratory tract symptoms like acute bronchitis, severe cases might end in severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), septic shock and death due to multiorgan damage, so early recognition of patients with suspected COVID-19 infection is crucial. The burden of the virus is not limited to physical damage, but it also has a significant impact on the mental health of the public. It can lead to generalized anxiety disorders and depression during COVID-19 pandemic. Now many countries are in a state of crisis worldwide. Whenever the living environment changes, people feel unsafe. People's fear of COVID-19 makes them refrain from going to medical centers, which significantly impacts their access to medical care while they require acute treatment. COVID-19 outbreak in countries has pulled essential medical resources away from regular procedures. This has caused complications for patients who need treatment for other medical conditions that require timely and appropriate care. Cancer patients especially still require attention in curative or palliative settings, and women will still be delivering their infants. How can we care for these patients without exposing them to COVID-19?\n

In this paper, we make long-term predictions based on numbers of current confirmed cases, accumulative dead cases of COVID-19 in different regions in China by modeling approach. Firstly, we use the SIRD epidemic model (S-Susceptible, I-Infected, R-Recovered, D-Dead) which is a non-autonomous dynamic system with incubation time delay to study the evolution of the COVID-19 in Wuhan City, Hubei Province and China Mainland. According to the data in the early stage issued by the National Health Commission of China, we can accurately estimate the parameters of the model, and then accurately predict the evolution of the COVID-19 there. From the analysis of the issued data, we find that the cure rates in Wuhan City, Hubei Province and China Mainland are the approximately linear increasing functions of time t and their death rates are the piecewisely decreasing functions. These can be estimated by finite difference method. Secondly, we use the delayed SIRD epidemic model to study the evolution of the COVID-19 in the Hubei Province outside Wuhan City. We find that its cure rate is an approximately linear increasing function and its death rate is nearly a constant. Thirdly, we use the delayed SIR epidemic model (S-Susceptible, I-Infected, R-Removed) to predict those of Beijing, Shanghai, Zhejiang and Anhui Provinces. We find that their cure rates are the approximately linear increasing functions and their death rates are the small constants. The results indicate that it is possible to make accurate long-term predictions for numbers of current confirmed, accumulative dead cases of COVID-19 by modeling. In this paper the results indicate we can accurately obtain and predict the turning points, the end time and the maximum numbers of the current infected and dead cases of the COVID-19 in China. In spite of our simple method and small data, it is rather effective in the long-term prediction of the COVID-19.

Two new species of Lipotactes Brunner v. Watt. (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Lipotactinae), viz., L. dorsaspina, sp. nov. (China: Guizhou) and L. tripyrga, sp. nov. (China: Guizhou, Hunan and Chongqing), are described and illustrated from China.

In December 2019, a new emerging viral disease emerged in China mainland and then became an important public health problem internationally [[1]],[[2]] This viral disease is known as Wuhan novel coronavirus infection The co-occurrence between viral hepatitis and novel Wuhan coronavirus infection has already existed [[3]],[[4]] There is already a case of viral hepatitis and novel Wuhan coronavirus infection reported from China [[3]],[[4]] The patient ended up with death In fact, pathogenic coronavirus in animal can induce hepatitis [[5]] For human infection, the study of the exact liver problem due to the novel Wuhan coronavirus is interesting [Extracted from the article] Copyright of Medical Journal of Dr D Y Patil University is the property of Wolters Kluwer India Pvt Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use This abstract may be abridged No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract (Copyright applies to all Abstracts )

Against the backdrop of rapid urbanization,homeplace-based communities accommodating rural migrants from the same origin areas have proliferated in China's metropolitan cities.This phenomenon has attracted a wide range of political concern and media attention.However,little scholarly attention has been devoted to such rural migrant enclaves from the perspective of the social space,and to what extent and in what way 'the power of place' imposes influences upon the migration process and the labor-market process of rural migrants remain poorly understood.Based on field study and qualitative method,this paper aims to probe into the evolution process,basic characteristics,formation mechanism,and spatiality of Hubei Village,a homeplace-based community located in the city of Guangzhou,in the context of rapid urbanization.Our findings reveal that Hubei Village in general has become specialized in economic structure,homogeneous in sub-ethnic composition,and diversified in social stratum since the advent of the reform and opening up,and that abundant production networks and recruitment channels embedded with native space connections engender this community an enclave of key social and cultural distinction from surrounding areas.Our results suggest that Hubei Village plays a key role in accumulating and retaining all kinds of sub-ethnic elements,e.g.capital,labor force,and identity.Specifically,Hubei Village provides a place for the circuit of Hubei migrants' economic capital,for upward mobility of hubei labor migrants,and for integration of Hubei migrants into the host society of detonation cities.Our results further indicate that Hubei Village is a product of interrelated and interwoven forces at varied geographical scales,including market,institutional,and regional-level factors on a macro scale,factors related to urban expansion and infrastructure development on a meso scale,and factors related to competitive edges of Hubei garment factories,entrepreneurial spirit of Hubei migrants,and active response of local community on a micro scale.Based on our empirical study,we make a conclusive remark that homeplace-based communities,as new urban social spaces facilitated by grass-root efforts,make great contributions to the integration of neo-migrants in China's metropolitan cities.Therefore,governments should be cautious to carry out the wholesale demolition of homeplace-based communities,and should reconsider existing redevelopment policies toward urbanized villages.