Comparing the effects of a collaboration script and collaborative reflection on promoting knowledge about good collaboration and effective interaction

In an earlier study, we had tested if observing a collaboration model, or alternatively, following a collaboration script could improve students’ subsequent collaboration in a computer-mediated setting and promote their knowledge of good collaboration. Both model and script showed positive effects. The current study was designed to further probe the effects of model and script by comparing them to conditions in which the learning was supported by providing elaboration support (instructional prompts and a reflective self-explanation phase). In addition, we applied a newly developed, innovative rating scheme to analyze the collaborative process: The rating scheme combines qualitative evaluation with quantitative assessment. Forty dyads were tested, eight in each of the following conditions: model plus elaboration, model, script plus elaboration, script, and control. Observing a collaboration model with elaboration support yielded the best results over all other conditions on measures of the quality of collaborative process and on outcome variables. Model without elaboration was second best. The results for the script conditions were mixed; on some variables, even below those of the control condition. The results of the current study lead us to challenge the positive view on collaboration scripts prevalent in CSCL research. We propose adaptive scripting as a possible solution.

Effective staff-patient interaction is critical to promote effective care delivery, which includes function-focused care to hospitalized persons with dementia. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the quality of staff-patient care interactions were associated with active patient engagement during the interaction after controlling for relevant covariates. The study was a secondary data analysis using baseline data from the Function Focused Care for Acute Care intervention study, with a total sample of 286 patients. Generalized linear mixed model indicated that there was a significant relationship between the quality of care interactions and patient engagement such that receiving positive care interactions resulted in higher odds of active patient engagement. These findings can inform future interventions and training for acute care staff to improve quality of care interactions and patient engagement.

Contents and subject index

Modern pedagogy needs to prepare an innovative type of students than those fostered all the way through. Technology Scaffolding in Problem-based Learning (PBL) environment is a learner-centred approach that has the potential to foster student’s independent study through effective communication, collaboration, and student student-teacher interaction. These instructional activities can reorganize the conventional learning approach, enhance the leaning experience and entire learning process. Hence, The importance of intergrating scaffolding strategies to facilitate PBL for effective instruction in a diverse field of education cannot be overemphersized. This review highlihgts the benefits available through the utilization of technology-based scaffolding in PBL that could benefit vocational education. The review employed a systematic search of relevant databases including Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect and others. Twenty two (22) full articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected and analyzed. The analysis showed that PBL with online scaffolding enhances positive students experience, promotes effective collaboration, facilitates learning, and ease in dealing with communication of new ideas in a learning setting. additional findings showed that if question prompts in PBL is provided in a complicated or difficult manner, they could hinder rather than promote learning.

Stimulated by regulations and standards as well as commercial imperatives, medical device manufacturers are striving to make medical devices safer by decreasing the potential for harmful use errors. Accordingly, manufacturers are observing and interviewing intended users about their interactions with devices en route to developing user interface requirements; applying human factors engineering (HFE) principles when designing user interfaces; and conducting formative and summative usability tests to improve and validate their devices’ interactive quality. This has represented significant work for manufacturers, particularly the majority who started with little HFE knowledge and experience. Today, the “awakening” to HFE in medical device development is essentially over—an established manufacturer who is just now discovering HFE has been out of touch. After all, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and AAMI conducted their first joint conference on HFE in 1995 when they previewed HFE expectations related to recent changes in quality system regulation (QSR). So, it has been 17 years since HFE entered the medical industry’s zeitgeist. HFE specialists working in the medical industry used to focus on making devices more usable (i.e., user friendly). Since the QSR change, use safety has become the primary focus, resulting in user interfaces that are less vulnerable to harmful use errors. It is rather obvious how HFE affects the safety of some medical devices. In the design of a surgical instrument, for example, HFE’s aim would be to reduce the chance of cutting anything other than the intended target. This goal could be accomplished by including a blade guard and a mechanical interlock that requires more than one deliberate action to enable cutting.

We perform a quantitative study of the microscopic effective shell-model interactions in the valence sd shell, obtained from modern nucleon-nucleon potentials, chiral N3LO, JISP16 and Daejeon16, using No-Core Shell-Model wave functions and the Okubo-Lee-Suzuki transformation. We investigate the monopole properties of those interactions in comparison with the phenomenological universal sd-shell interaction, USDB. Theoretical binding energies and low-energy spectra of O isotopes and of selected sd-shell nuclei, are presented. We conclude that there is a noticeable improvement in the quality of the effective interaction when it is derived from the Daejeon16 potential. We show that its proton-neutron centroids are consistent with those from USDB. We then propose monopole modifications of the Daejeon16 centroids in order to provide an adjusted interaction yielding significantly improved agreement with the experiment. A spin-tensor decomposition of two-body effective interactions is applied in order to extract more information on the structure of the centroids and to understand the reason for deficiencies arising from our current theoretical approximations. The issue of the possible role of the three-nucleon forces is addressed.

ExxonMobil has a strong commitment to developing and utilizing drilling and subsurface research. Previous presentations have discussed examples of unique ExxonMobil drilling and subsurface technology. However, while individual technologies give benefit incrementally, maximum business impact is realized only when each technology is integrated into the larger drilling and subsurface workflow and moved from the research lab to the operational environment. Furthermore, the resulting software implementation must be technologically sound and usable in the context of drilling and subsurface workflows to be of business value. Achieving an effective software platform for technology commercialization requires both technological and organizational commitment. Good software development practices and effective collaboration among researchers, operational engineers, and software developers is crucial to successful technology transfer. Breakdown in this collaboration leads to unmet expectations and imperfect technology utilization. Years of experience in producing drilling and subsurface research advances have resulted in lessons learned, including both successes and frustrations. ExxonMobil has developed a common drilling and subsurface software platform or hub, ToolPro, to integrate both proprietary and commercial technology in a common workflow environment. ToolPro provides current technical tools via an adaptable framework capable of hosting future technological advances, and is intended to be the "engineer's desktop" for day-to-day drilling and subsurface activity. This paper will explore the challenges and rewards of effective technology transfer through an advanced software platform. Introduction ExxonMobil holds exploration and production acreage in 38 countries and conducts production operations in 23 countries around the world1. Operational affiliates are located throughout the world and are supported by functional upstream companies. The ExxonMobil Upstream Research Company (EMURC) supports all upstream business by conducting research and development activities pertinent to current and emerging project needs. It is EMURC's mission to ensure that ExxonMobil's operating companies have the highest impact, most distinguishing technology and expertise to be applied to a portfolio of current and future assets and opportunities. Much of the technology that is generated by the research company is transferred to the rest of the business in the form of software applications. To facilitate this effort, EMURC has a dedicated team of engineers and scientists skilled in technical software development. This team, together with the computer science experts from ExxonMobil Information Technology is organized to enable the delivery of technology to the field. Background EMURC began developing software application to address drilling and subsurface engineering problems in the 1970's. These applications were single purpose calculators written for mainframe computers. Each program solved one problem, and input/output data was independently determined for each program. By the mid 1990's EMURC developed a family of drilling applications that were PC-based adaptations of the earlier mainframe programs, but designed to have a common database to facilitate sharing of input/output data.

Interprofessional collaboration is a key element in improving the quality of health services, particularly in nursing care that emphasizes a holistic approach to patient needs. This study aims to examine the role of collaboration between nurses and healthcare teams in enhancing the quality of nursing services. The research method used was a literature review and qualitative descriptive analysis of previous studies. The results indicate that effective collaboration among nurses, physicians, midwives, pharmacists, and other health professionals can increase patient satisfaction, accelerate recovery, and reduce the risk of medical errors. The discussion highlights the importance of open communication, mutual respect for professional roles, and managerial support in fostering teamwork. The conclusion of this study is that good interprofessional collaboration significantly improves nursing service quality and patient safety.

Research has suggested that self or co-regulated learning is very helpful for the development of students’ autonomy, and is particularly important in online learning environments, because such non-linear environments tend to lack focus and teachers’ monitoring. The social cognitive research suggests that highly self-regulated learners have higher motivation and more control of their learning behaviors, and thus generate better outcomes on an individual basis rather on a group basis. This study thus attempts to extend the social cognitive perspective of self-regulated learning to collective regulated learning, and to investigate the relationships among collective beliefs (i.e., collective task value, a newly developed group motivation), collaborative behaviors (i.e., group cohesion, cognitive quality of collaborative interactions), and collaborative performance through collaborative creation in the CSCL environment. A total of 96 college students participated in this study. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses were applied. The results indicate that collective task value is a reliable and valid construct. The results also show that collective task value significantly predicts students’ group cohesion and collaborative performance, although it does not predict students’ cognitive quality of collaborative interactions. Students’ group cohesion and higher level of cognitive quality in collaborative interactions also both significantly predict their collaborative performance through collaborative creation in the CSCL environment.

This research develops and validates a dual mediation framework examining the pathways through which interaction quality in artificial intelligence educational systems is positively associated with deep learning outcomes via cognitive load reduction and motivational enhancement. Utilizing covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM), we analyzed survey data from 570 university teachers engaged with AI-powered learning platforms. Findings demonstrate that high-quality human-AI interaction significantly reduces cognitive burden, which in turn is positively related to learning motivation and shows pathways to deep learning approaches. Bootstrap procedures confirmed robust sequential mediation effects, with this pathway accounting for 53% of the total variance. The model achieved excellent fit indices and explained 31.5% of variance in deep learning outcomes. By synthesizing Cognitive Load Theory with Self-Determination Theory, this study contributes to educational technology scholarship by elucidating the psychological mechanisms linking interface design to learning depth. The empirical evidence provides actionable insights for developing AI educational systems that strategically minimize cognitive demands, foster motivational engagement, and support meaningful learning experiences.

Introduction: At present progress in the health, the sector requires health workers to provide professional services. The patient's problem is also increasingly complex. Health workers are required to work in an integrated manner, therefore good collaboration and collaboration between healthcare professionals is needed in realizing patient satisfaction. Health services in hospitals are carried out by various health professionals. Effective interprofessional collaboration practices are key to providing health services. The management of the patient's health and all actions must be patient-focused. The model of providing care with interprofessional collaboration is very important so that all services are coordinated and there is good communication between caregivers. This study aims to find out about the effect of implementing interprofessional collaboration on patients. Methods: This research is a literature review. The research source was taken from several databases, with the keywords "Interprofessional collaboration, patient safety, health services". The Google Scholar database was found in 15,455 journals, EBSCO found 32, NCBI found 98, MEDLINE 23, and ProQuest 61. From the total database, only 11 met the inclusion criteria. Results: This meta-analysis shows that interprofessional collaboration has a positive impact. There are several benefits obtained from the application of interprofessional collaboration, namely affecting patient safety, patient quality of life, reducing the risk of falls, preventing medication errors, increasing the patient's functional status. elderly patients. Conclusion: Interprofessional collaboration or Interprofessional Collaboration (IPC) is collaboration between people with different professional backgrounds and working together to solve patient health problems and realize professional health services that focus on patients.Keywords: health services, interprofessional collaboration (ipc), patient safety

In this paper, we describe a dialogue-based system that utilizes a teacher-configurable conversational agent to trigger students' discourse in collaborative activities. This prototype web-based system, named MentorChat, aims to induce learning-generating cognitive activity by prompting online learners' discussions. We evaluated the effect of the conversational agent on student learning in a collaborative context by conducting an experimental lab study. Two conditions were contrasted: (1) students who discussed online and provided an answer to a key domain issue guided only by a collaboration script (control condition), and (2) students who, along with the collaboration script, were prompted by the agent during their discussion, to elaborate on key domain concepts (treatment). Our findings suggest a positive learning effect of the treatment condition. They also indicate that the agent unsolicited prompts can improve students' ability to recall important domain concepts in a post-test control instrument.

Promoting online participation in hybrid learning settings: Exploring combinations of a collaboration script and collaborative reflection

This study explores the challenges and opportunities involved in strengthening teacher-parent partnerships in elementary schools within New Corella District. Effective collaboration between teachers and parents is essential for fostering student success and promoting a positive educational environment (Epstein, 2011). However, despite its recognized importance, many schools face significant barriers in building and maintaining these partnerships. This research investigates the experiences of 15 teachers and 10 parents in New Corella District to understand the dynamics of teacher-parent collaboration, the obstacles faced, and the strategies employed to enhance these partnerships. The findings reveal that while teachers and parents acknowledge the importance of collaboration, challenges such as communication gaps, varying parental involvement, and cultural differences persist. Nevertheless, the study also identifies opportunities for strengthening partnerships, including the use of digital tools for communication, the importance of school-based events to foster parent engagement, and the potential benefits of professional development for teachers on parent collaboration. This study provides insights into the practical realities of teacher-parent partnerships, offering recommendations for improving collaboration and ultimately supporting the holistic development of students.

This paper investigates the potential of pocket gardens to enhance community vitality, focusing on Al-Shorouk City in Egypt. Pocket gardens, often neglected, can be transformed into functional public spaces that foster community engagement and recreational use. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, including a literature review and observational studies to evaluate the physical attributes, maintenance, and usage patterns of three residential gardens in Al-Shorouk City. The findings reveal significant issues such as neglect, lack of amenities, and inadequate maintenance, which limit the gardens' functionality and social potential. Recommendations for improvement include regular upkeep, enhanced irrigation, diverse plantings, and the introduction of essential amenities. The study highlights the importance of community involvement and effective collaboration among stakeholders to create vibrant and sustainable urban green spaces. The insights gained can inform urban planning policies and practices to better integrate pocket gardens into the urban fabric, promoting environmental sustainability and social well-being.