Completely Decomposable Quotient Divisible Abelian Groups with Isomorphic Endomorphism Semigroups

In the paper, necessary and sufficient conditions for an Abelian group A to be isomorphic to the endomorphism group End(A) are obtained. The classes of periodic Abelian groups, divisible Abelian groups, nonreduced Abelian groups, and reduced algebraically compact Abelian groups are considered. For certain classes of Abelian groups, the isomorphism problem for a group and its endomorphism group is solved under the assumption that the endomorphism group itself has the corresponding property.

Let C be an Abelian group. A class X of Abelian groups is called a CE•H-class if, for every groups A, B ∈ X, the isomorphisms E•(A) ≅ E•(B) and Hom(C, A) ≅ Hom(C, B) imply the isomorphism A ≅ B. In the paper, necessary and sufficient conditions on a completely decomposable torsion-free Abelian group C are described under which a given class of torsion-free Abelian groupsisa CE•H-class.

Let G be a completely decomposable torsion-free Abelian group and G= ⊕ Gi, where Gi is a rank 1 group. If there exists a strongly constructive numbering ν of G such that (G,ν) has a recursively enumerable sequence of elements gi ∈ Gi, then G is called a strongly decomposable group. Let pi, i∈ω, be some sequence of primes whose denominators are degrees of a number pi and let \(\mathop \oplus \limits_{i \in \omega } Q_{Pi} \). A characteristic of the group A is the set of all pairs ‹ p,k› of numbers such that \(p_{i_1 } = ... = p_{i_k } = p\) for some numbers i1,...,ik. We bring in the concept of a quasihyperhyperimmune set, and specify a necessary and sufficient condition on the characteristic of A subject to which the group in question is strongly decomposable. Also, it is proved that every hyperhyperimmune set is quasihyperhyperimmune, the converse being not true.

In the theory of abelian groups, the study of relations between an abelian group and its endomorphism group is an important problem. The question arises on conditions under which an abelian group and its endomorphism group are isomorphic ([1], Problem 31). The answer to this question has been obtained in the classes of completely decomposable abelian groups [2], vector groups [3], in the classes of periodic abelian groups, divisible abelian groups, nonreduced abelian groups, reduced algebraically compact abelian groups [4]. A group A is called an E+-group if it is isomorphic to its endomorphism group End(A). Clearly, if an abelian group A is an E+-group, then its endomorphism group End(A) is also an E+-group. In this paper, we show that the converse statement holds not always. A group A is called an End-group if the following implication takes place:

The fundamental theorem of abelian groups states that any finitely generated abelian group is a direct sum of cyclic groups. This theorem plays a fundamental role in the structure theory of abelian groups. It has fascinated many algebraists to look at this theorem from different points of view:- (a) To find suitable generalizations of this theorem for modules over certain classes of rings, e.g. Dedekind domain, hereditary noetherian prime rings, valuation rings etc. (b) To create suitable versions of this theorem in some module categories and use such versions to develop the structure theory of such module categories. For example, torsion abelian group-like modules, modules with finitely generated submodules direct sums of multiplication modules. (c) To find those rings for which certain versions of the fundamental theorem of abelian groups hold. For example rings over which all finitely generated modules are direct sums of cyclic modules. (d) To examine the structure of certain classes of abelian groups and to try to find modules with similar structures. (e) To find roles of answers to some of above types of questions in the general theory of modules.

Let C be an Abelian group. An Abelian group A from a class X of Abelian groups is said to be CH-definable in X if, for any group B ∈ X, the isomorphism Hom(C,A) ≅ Hom(C,B) implies that A ≅ B. If every group from X is CH-definable in X, then X is called an CH-class. In this paper, we study conditions under which a class of completely decomposable torsion-free Abelian groups is an CH-class, where C is a vector group.

In the class of separable torsion-free Abelian groups, we describe those which are defined by their endomorphism semigroups.

The hopficity property in a well-known class of Abelian groups—completely decomposable torsion-free groups—as well as in a class of modules over generalized matrix rings is studied. Examples of non-Hopfian completely decomposable torsion-free group are constructed.

In this chapter, we discuss several special types of modules that will make frequent appearances later. These include semisimple modules, artinian modules, and torsionfree modules, which have prototypes in vector spaces, finite abelian groups, and torsionfree abelian groups, respectively. That special types of modules have useful roles in the study of arbitrary modules may be seen already in the case of abelian groups (i.e., ℤ-modules). In studying an arbitrary abelian group, an almost reflexive first step is to look at its torsion part (i.e., the torsion subgroup) and its torsionfree part (i.e., the factor group modulo the torsion subgroup), since entirely different techniques are available (and needed) for dealing with torsion groups and torsionfree groups. On the torsionfree side, vector spaces make an appearance due to the facts that the torsionfree divisible abelian groups are exactly the vector spaces over ℚ and that every torsionfree abelian group can be embedded in a divisible one. On the torsion side, many questions can be reduced to the case of finite abelian groups, since every torsion abelian group is a directed union of finite subgroups. In studying torsion abelian groups, one also reduces to the case of p -groups for various primes p . Vector spaces make another appearance here, since in an abelian p -group the set of elements of order p (together with 0) forms a vector space over ℤ/ p ℤ.

It is proved that all cohomology groups of a group G acting on an abelian group of a certain type vanish if the action of some subnormal abelian subgroup of G is fixed-point-free.This result is then applied to obtain results about group extensions and about the complete reducibility of linear groups.Introduction.The purpose of this paper is to prove the Proposition below and its corollary, Theorem 1, and to derive from the latter some consequences about group extensions and about the complete reducibility of linear groups.These results are contained in Corollaries 2-4.Statement (a) of § 1 and part (b) of the Lemma, §2, are related to the surrounding material, but are not used in the subsequent proofs.I am indebted to several colleagues for useful suggestions in connection with this paper.I am also grateful to the referee for his valuable comments, especially for pointing out that the original version of Theorem 1 could be strengthened to its present form.In what follows, a Vx-module for a group G will mean a finite direct sum 2 V¡, where V¡ is a finite-dimensional vector space over a field k¡, and V¡ is a /c,G-module.Fory > 2, a VJ-module is a G-module A for which there is a short exact sequence 0 -> A' -> A -» A" -» 0, where A' is a K'-module and A" is a F-7-1-module.A is a W-module if it is a F^-module for somtj.It can be shown that every iV-module is a direct sum of a torsion group of finite exponent and a torsion free divisible group (i.e., a vector space over Q).Conversely, one can show that every such abelian group is a W-mod\i\c (for trivial group action).Moreover, if such a group A = T © F is given as a Gmodule, then A is automatically a W-module for G if the torsion part T is finite and Fis finite dimensional over Q.This follows by induction on \T\, the order of T, from the exact sequence 0 -> Sp -* A -> A/Sp = T/Sp © F '-* 0, wherep is any prime dividing |7j and Sp = [x G A: px = 0).(If T = 0, the statement is clear.)Proposition.Let G be a group, N a subnormal abelian subgroup of G, k a

A class of Abelian groups with hereditary rings of endomorphisms

For some classes of Abelian groups, an answer to the following question is presented: when is the union of homomorphic images of a group a subgroup of another group? In connection with this, the concept of a homomorphically stable group is introduced, and homomorphic stability of groups from different classes of Abelian groups is studied.

If H is a subgroup of an abelian group G and φ ∈ End(G), H is called φ-inert (and φ is H-inertial) if φ(H) ∩ H has finite index in the image φ(H). The notion of φ-inert subgroup arose and was investigated in a relevant way in the study of the so called intrinsic entropy of an endomorphism φ, while inertial endo-morphisms (these are endomorphisms that are H-inertial for every subgroup H) were intensively studied by Rinauro and the first named author.A subgroup H of an abelian group G is said to be fully inert if it is φ-inert for every φ ∈ End(G). This property, inspired by the “dual” notion of inertial endomorphism, has been deeply investigated for many different types of groups G. It has been proved that in some cases all fully inert subgroups of an abelian group G are commensurable with a fully invariant subgroup of G (e.g., when G is free or a direct sum of cyclic p-groups). One can strengthen the notion of fully inert subgroup by defining H to be uniformly fully inert if there exists a positive integer n such that |(H + φH)/H| ≤ n for every φ ∈ End(G). The aim of this paper is to study the uniformly fully inert subgroups of abelian groups. A natural question arising in this investigation is whether such a subgroup is commensurable with a fully invariant subgroup. This paper provides a positive answer to this question for groups belonging to several classes of abelian groups.

The purpose of this survey is to provide an introduction to the interesting role which set-theoretic methods have begun to play in the problem of determining the structure and classification of certain classes of abelian groups, in particular, the class of ω1-separable groups, i.e., groups such that every countable subset is contained in a Σ -cyclic summand.

Let R be an associative ring with a unit and N be a left R-module. The set MR(N) = {f: N → N | f(rx) = rf(x), r ∈ R, x ∈ N} is a near-ring with respect to the operations of addition and composition and contains the ring ER(N) of all endomorphisms of the R-module N. The R-module N is endomorphic if MR(N) = ER(N). We call an Abelian group endomorphic if it is an endomorphic module over its endomorphism ring. In this paper, we find endomorphic Abelian groups in the classes of all separable torsion-free groups, torsion groups, almost completely decomposable torsion-free groups, and indecomposable torsion-free groups of rank 2.