Concurrent enhancement of percolation and synchronization in adaptive networks

Although the multi-agent model has been used to analyze several economic and management problems, and the research results are regarded more profoundly, they all rely on certain scenarios. Once the scenarios are shifted to an unknown one, the results cannot be matched. In this paper, a new research method named exploratory computational experiment is introduced to resolve the problems coming from the social complex system, where individual’s behaviors are irrational, diverse, and complex, and collective behavior is dynamical, complex, and critical. Firstly, the foundation of the computational experiment is introduced, then several important problems, how individuals make the decision under complex environment, how collective behavior have emerged when different conflicts co-exist, and how to evaluate collect behaviors, are analyzed. To specify this new method, two examples of how to design a scientific mechanism to make the traffic system more effective and how is the evolution law of giant components in scale-free networks if the parameters are changed continuously. The results show that multi-agent modeling based on irrational behaviors controlled by individual dynamical game radius and memory length limited can describe the social problem more accurately, the exploratory computational experiment can give us more profound conclusions.

Since the industrial revolution, the relationship between human and nature has not improved in line with technological and social innovations. In this paper, we chose the Chengdu plains, known as the Land of Abundance, as our study subject. We adopt methods of comparing settlements in different eras. The results indicate that natural processes played a crucial role in determining human settlements in the Land of Abundance. Relationship between human and nature in these four phases reflects the transition from submission to nature, respect for nature, reconstruction of nature, and finally to the conquest of nature, respectively, in the pre-construction period, original construction period, development period, and modern period. We have revealed the deep wisdom of the harmonious coexistence between social and natural systems from the five aspects of the holistic view of daoshengwanwu, the practice view of daofaziran, the social view of sharing benefits across, the ethical view of Tao controls technology, and the good governance view of spontaneous order. Lastly, this paper points out several principles of landscape and urban planning in the presence of deep urban sustainability challenges: coevolution of natural and social systems would help promote sustainability of human settlements; nature-guided human settlement practice can maintain various healthy life-support systems; planning practice should be emphasized to maintain or reconstruct healthy natural process; modular units should be constructed through integrating environmental management units with planned unit development; self-governance organizations could be fostered likely based on modular units; and finally but not lastly, technology applications should be subject to restriction of environmental ethics.

The objective of this study is to describe a target water–energy–food (WEF) nexus domain world including causal linkages and trade-off relationships between WEF resources and their stakeholders, and to develop a WEF nexus system map as an interdisciplinary tool used for understanding the subsequent complexity of WEF nexus systems. An ontology engineering method, which is a qualitative method, was applied for the replicability of the WEF nexus domain ontology and the map, because ontology engineering is a method of semantic web development for enhancing the compatibility of qualitative descriptions logically or objectively. The WEF nexus system map has three underlying concepts: (1) systems thinking, (2) holistic thinking, and (3) an integrated approach at an operational level, according to the hypothesis that the chains of changes in linkages between water, energy, and food resources holistically and systemically affect the WEF nexus system, including natural and social systems, both temporally and spatially. This study is significant because it allows us to (1) develop the WEF nexus domain ontology database, including defining the concepts and sub-concepts of trade-offs relating to WEF for the replicability of this study; (2) integrate the qualitative ontology method and quantitative network analysis method to identify key concepts serving as linkage hubs in the WEF nexus domain ontology; and (3) visualize human–nature interactions such as linkages between water, energy, and food resources and their stakeholders in social and natural systems. This paper also discusses future challenges in the application of the map for a science–policy–society interface.

BackgroundIn cell signaling terminology, adaptation refers to a system's capability of returning to its equilibrium upon a transient response. To achieve this, a network has to be both sensitive and precise. Namely, the system must display a significant output response upon stimulation, and later on return to pre-stimulation levels. If the system settles at the exact same equilibrium, adaptation is said to be 'perfect'. Examples of adaptation mechanisms include temperature regulation, calcium regulation and bacterial chemotaxis.ResultsWe present models of the simplest adaptation architecture, a two-state protein system, in a stochastic setting. Furthermore, we consider differences between individual and collective adaptive behavior, and show how our system displays fold-change detection properties. Our analysis and simulations highlight why adaptation needs to be understood in terms of probability, and not in strict numbers of molecules. Most importantly, selection of appropriate parameters in this simple linear setting may yield populations of cells displaying adaptation, while single cells do not.ConclusionsSingle cell behavior cannot be inferred from population measurements and, sometimes, collective behavior cannot be determined from the individuals. By consequence, adaptation can many times be considered a purely emergent property of the collective system. This is a clear example where biological ergodicity cannot be assumed, just as is also the case when cell replication rates are not homogeneous, or depend on the cell state. Our analysis shows, for the first time, how ergodicity cannot be taken for granted in simple linear examples either. The latter holds even when cells are considered isolated and devoid of replication capabilities (cell-cycle arrested). We also show how a simple linear adaptation scheme displays fold-change detection properties, and how rupture of ergodicity prevails in scenarios where transitions between protein states are mediated by other molecular species in the system, such as phosphatases and kinases.

An adaptive networking method based on LoRa(Long Range) technology is proposed. The data transmission of wireless sensor networks widely used in the Internet of things is studied. A star network composed of Lora wireless transmission technology is designed to build an adaptive data transmission network. The design process of network topology, hardware and adaptive networking method of adaptive networking are introduced. Aiming at solving the problems of limited node capacity, adjacent frequency interference, and unreasonable channel resource allocation in the LoRa network, an adaptive frequency hopping mechanism is used for networking. The system uses I. MX6ULL as the main control and integrates 8 LoRa modules at the same time, which greatly improves the node capacity of the gateway. The server can realize real-time viewing and monitoring of node equipment, and real-time evaluation of channel communication quality.

IoT-based adaptive network mechanism for reliable smart farm system

Current conceptualizations of the acting crowd are heavily influenced by LeBon, particularly those aspects of LeBon's formulation that emphasized the pathological and bizarre nature of crowd behavior. An examination of the characteristics imputed to the crowd indicates that many of them are not empirically valid. Further, many of the characteristics assigned to crowd behavior do not differentiate it from the behavior of other social systems. Sociologists have overstressed the “cultural” factors, and de-emphasized interaction in their studies of social conduct. One consequence of this emphasis has been to look to the characteristics of crowd members to account for the behavior of crowds. It is suggested the crowd be studied as a social system.

Today, the public opinion synchronization on the network platform is becoming one of important issues worthy of careful study. In this paper, we take synchronization evolution phenomenon as an objective and adopt artificial bee colony (ABC) to evaluate network synchronization effects with optimization theory to find out an appropriate network structure. Firstly, we use the Kuramoto oscillators as a metaphor of the social system collective behavior. Secondly, combined with the social network characteristics obtained from the data of Sina Micro-Blog, a synchronization evolution model of Internet public opinion based on Kuramoto one is established. Subsequently, evolutionary multi-objective optimization model is set up and the ABC method is used to optimize the level of network synchronization, the synchronization starting time and the cost of public opinion synchronization. Finally, case analysis on “Double Eleven” Internet Marketing as well as Cadmium Poisoned Rice Event demonstrates that the synchronization performance of weak coupled system can be enhanced by offering reasonable configuration of the connection cost and the synchronization duration cost. In addition, a certain degree of increase in input cost can promote the synchronization performance and extend the synchronization duration significantly.

Inspired by the collective behaviors of active systems in nature, the collective behavior of micromotors has attracted more and more attention in recent years. However, little attention has been paid to the collective behavior of the immobilized micromotor, i.e., the micropump. In this paper, a unique pentacene-based micropump is reported, which demonstrates dynamic collective behavior activated by white light irradiation. The light irradiation may generate the photochemical reactions between pentacene and water, leading to the electroosmotic flow. As a result, this micropump is capable of pumping the surrounding solution inward along the substrate surface based on the electroosmosis mechanism. Intriguingly, the inward pumping causes the agglomeration of the tracer particles on the surface of the micropump. In addition, the aggregation can migrate following the change in the light irradiation position between two adjacent micropumps. Based on the aggregating and migrating behaviors of this pentacene-based micropump, we have achieved the conductivity restoration of the cracked circuit.

All online sharing systems gather data that reflects users' collective behavior and their shared activities. This data can be used to extract different kinds of relationships which can be grouped into layers and which are basic components of the multidimensional social network (MSN) proposed in the paper. The layers are created on the basis of two types of relations between humans, i.e., direct and object-based ones which, respectively, correspond to either social or semantic links between individuals. For better understanding of the complexity of the social network structure, layers and their profiles were identified and studied on two, spanned in time, snapshots of the `Flickr' population. Additionally, for each layer, a separate strength measure was proposed. The experiments on the `Flickr' photo sharing system revealed that the relationships between users result either from semantic links between objects they operate on or from social connections of these users. Moreover, the density of the social network increases in time. The second part of this paper is devoted to building a social recommender system that supports the creation of new relations between users in a multimedia sharing system. Its main goal is to generate personalized suggestions that are continuously adapted to users' needs depending on the personal weights assigned to each layer in the MSN. The conducted experiments confirmed the usefulness of the proposed model.

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the Social Laser Theory (SLT) as a natural extension of the broader framework of Quantum-Like Modeling (QLM). While QLM applies the mathematical formalism of quantum theory — such as Hilbert space representations, interference, and non-commutative observables — to model context-dependent and non-classical phenomena in cognition, decision-making, and social behavior, SLT advances this approach by integrating concepts from quantum field theory. The theory conceptualizes social systems as ensembles of “social atoms” capable of absorbing and emitting quantized units of social energy. Under conditions analogous to population inversion in physical lasers, external informational stimuli (e.g. media signals or mobilizing rhetoric) can trigger coherence across the population, resulting in large-scale, synchronized collective actions such as protests or ideological shifts. SLT thus provides a formal framework for understanding the amplification and coherence of social energy leading to abrupt phase-like transitions in collective behavior. Beyond its metaphorical appeal, the theory proposes measurable quantities and predictive parameters that may support empirical diagnostics of sociopolitical dynamics. By bridging micro-level psychological processes with macro-level sociological phenomena, SLT extends QLM into the domain of complex social systems, offering a mathematically grounded paradigm for interpreting rapid transformations in contemporary societies.

Detection and analysis of collective behavior in natural and artificial systems is a difficult task which is commonly delegated to a human observer. We present a statistical framework to automatically detect emergent, collective behavior of agents in agent based simulations which exhibit swarming and flocking behavior. Our tunable, transitional-, rotational-, and scale- invariant framework geometry of behavioral spaces identifies common behaviors among agents and translates these behaviors into a systems behavioral primitives, along with the agent transitions from one behavioral primitive to another. Finally, we use complex network analysis to detect collectives of agents that gravitate into a common cluster of behavioral primitives as the systems emergent behavior condenses or decays. We apply complex network theory to the analysis of collective behavior dynamics in the simulations of flocking and swarming to validate our analysis. Our framework does not use the knowledge of the parameter space that drive the models, and only relies on the temporal agent trajectories of exhibited behavior. The utility of detecting emergence from exhibited behavior makes this technique suitable as a fitness function for stochastic search algorithms, analyzing evolutionary dynamics of systems with collective behaviors, detecting structures in artificial chemistry experiments, or analyzing physical system such as bacterial formations.

Development of sustainable water management strategies involves identification of vulnerability and adaptation possibilities, followed by an effect analysis of these adaptation strategies under different possible futures. Recent scenario studies on water management were mainly ‘what‐if’ assessments in one or two future situations. The future is, however, more complex and dynamic. It involves general trends and unexpected events in both the water and the social system. Moreover, the two systems interact: society responds to events and the state of the water system changes in response to management. In this paper we discuss a transdisciplinary approach. Key elements in the concept are (1) the model of pressure, state, impact and response, (2) the Perspectives method to consider uncertainties of social and natural systems and (3) the evaluation of the system using transient scenarios in which we consider time series of trends, events and interaction between the water system and society. The effect analysis is executed with an integrated assessment meta‐model based on simple cause–effect relations and response curves. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.

As we have discussed in Chapters one and two of this monograph, the social system is welded together by institutions of the three blocks of economic, political and legal structures. Each of these structures has its own identity for recognition and yet is connected to each other to establish the unity of the political economy as a complex self-improving and self-transformation system. The social system must be seen as an automatic control system where the automatic controllers are linked to the decision-choice system. The economic structure is the foundation of life; the political structure is the foundation of social decision-making power and; the legal structure is the foundation of the social control and stability regarding the individual and collective decision-choice behavior in the three structures. In this respect, the political structure, endowed with the decision-making power, shapes and manages all three structures for coherence, stability and systemic risk associated with the collective decision-choice system of the political economy. At the same time, it is also shaped by the interactive behaviors of the three structures as they affect the social existence. The outcomes and social mandates of the interactive behavior create the environment for rent creation and harvesting.KeywordsPolitical EconomyLegal StructureReal SectorDebt MarketNational WealthThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

It is widely recognized that urban resilience is one of the core goals of urban development. As an important part of a city, the resilience level of urban human settlements directly affects the development trend of urban resilience. However, at present, research results on the resilience of urban human settlements are very rare, are mainly concentrated in the central region of China, and rarely take into account the economically backward northeastern region. Therefore, in order to better improve the anti-risk ability of the urban human settlement environment system in three provinces of Northeast China, fully implement the strategic goal of “Comprehensive Revitalization of Northeast China”, and achieve high-quality urban development, this paper focuses on 34 prefecture-level cities in three provinces of Northeast China and proposes an urban human settlement resilience evaluation system with 36 indicators in five dimensions, namely, the natural system, human system, housing system, supporting system, and social system. Using the entropy weight method, the Dagum Gini coefficient, and a geographical probe model, the changes in the resilience level of each city from 2005 to 2020 were measured, and the urban living environment was assessed in terms of the adaptability and resilience of the development level in each subsystem based on the temporal and spatial evolution law and its influencing factors. The following conclusions were drawn: (1) The development level of urban human settlement resilience in the three provinces in Northeast China showed an N-shaped development trend from 2005 to 2020, but the regional differences were significant, and the overall spatial pattern was “high in the south and low in the north”. (2) In terms of the overall difference, the overall difference in urban human settlement resilience in the three northeastern provinces of China was small: the inter-regional difference was the main source of the difference, and the intra-regional difference was the secondary source. The regional differences were in the order of Heilongjiang Province > Liaoning Province > Jilin Province, indicating that Jilin Province had the smallest difference and that the resilience level of urban human settlements does not show a balanced development trend. In terms of the average Gini coefficient between regions, the order of difference was Liaoning Province–Heilongjiang Province > Jilin Province–Liaoning Province > Jilin Province–Heilongjiang Province, indicating that the difference between Liaoning Province and Heilongjiang Province was the most significant. (3) The “natural system”, “human system”, “living system”, “supporting system”, and “social system” had significant spatial and temporal heterogeneity and significantly affected the resilience level of urban human settlements in the three provinces in Northeast China. Among them, the “social system” has always been the main factor affecting the resilience level of urban human settlements.