Considerations Regarding Environmental Reporting Regulations

<b>MARCH 2013 PLACEMENT ADS</b>

SEPTEMBER 2014 PLACEMENT ADS

The article analyzes the state of the audit services market in Russia and discusses the main tasks of the development of auditing activities. It is noted that there is a need to expand auditing activities within the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union based on the use of international auditing standards. This is necessary to create a single market for audit services on the territory of the EAEU. At the same time, in modern conditions, many small and medium-sized businesses, non-public joint-stock companies have been removed from mandatory audit. At the same time, the introduction of the new FSB will require the compilers of the reporting knowledge of international accounting standards and professional judgment in the formation of accounting indicators for 2022. Therefore, the task of auditors is still to confirm the accounting statements, as well as to verify compliance of financial and economic activities with the basic laws, accounting standards, checking the completeness and legality of business transactions. Audit is also necessary to prevent falsification of accounting statements using various schemes in order to improve and worsen it, thereby misleading regulatory authorities, as well as owners, investors, banks, etc. Often, organizations show unreliable accounts receivable and accounts payable, do not conduct an actual inventory or do not create a reserve for doubtful debts, a reserve for inventory impairment. It is the auditors who can monitor the conduct of a genuine inventory, make inquiries to counterparties and identify the actual state of affairs in the organization. Thus, an effective and efficient internal control system is required to reduce the risks of misstatement of financial statements and prevention of a particular type of fraud or unfair actions, which can only be assessed by experienced auditors. The article also notes the need not only to audit the correctness of the preparation and confirmation of accounting (financial) statements, but also to audit the effectiveness of the use of funds and the compliance of costs with the established goals of the company

RIO GRANDE VALLEY, the Robert C. Vackar College of Business and Entrepreneurship, School of Accountancy invites applications from

This study examines advances in financial governance and accountability systems in small and medium enterprises (SMEs), with emphasis on the evolving mechanisms, structures, and digital practices that strengthen financial transparency, managerial responsibility, and institutional sustainability. SMEs play a central role in employment generation, innovation, and economic development, yet they often face persistent governance weaknesses, including informal financial controls, weak documentation, poor reporting standards, limited oversight capacity, and vulnerability to fraud and resource misallocation. In response to these challenges, recent advances in financial governance have introduced more structured accountability systems that improve decision-making, compliance, and organizational resilience across SME environments. The paper develops a conceptual perspective on how modern financial governance systems are transforming accountability practices in SMEs through the integration of internal controls, financial reporting procedures, digital accounting tools, audit mechanisms, and leadership oversight. Particular attention is given to the growing use of cloud-based accounting platforms, automated transaction tracking, real-time dashboard reporting, and data-driven financial monitoring as instruments for reducing opacity and enhancing control. The study also highlights the importance of governance culture, ethical leadership, role clarity, and policy formalization in promoting accountability across managerial and operational levels. The proposed discussion identifies five major pillars of advanced SME financial governance: transparent reporting systems, internal control discipline, regulatory and tax compliance, digital financial monitoring, and accountability-based leadership structures. These pillars are presented as mutually reinforcing elements that support improved budgeting, fraud prevention, risk visibility, performance evaluation, and stakeholder trust. The study argues that advances in governance systems are not limited to large corporations but are increasingly necessary for SMEs seeking growth, investment readiness, and long-term competitiveness in dynamic business environments. The paper concludes that strengthening financial governance and accountability systems in SMEs is essential for improving operational efficiency, safeguarding resources, and sustaining enterprise development. By advancing from informal financial management practices to integrated governance frameworks, SMEs can better align their financial activities with strategic goals, external obligations, and sustainability expectations. The study provides a foundation for future empirical research and practical governance reforms tailored to the realities of small and medium enterprises across diverse sectors and emerging economies worldwide today, especially.

This research aims to know the influence of financial education toward financial literacy on Economics Faculty students. In Economics Faculty, Universitas Negeri Semarang, there were 16 of 40 students who had good financial behaviors. It was contradictive because they have taken accounting subject who make them good in financial literacy. The research on financial literacy had the contradiction, especially in the influence of financial education variable on financial literacy. Therefore, this study raised the mediating variables; the consumer knowledge variable and psychological factor variables (motivation, self efficacy). This study was analyzed by two analyses that were descriptive analysis and path inferential analysis. Findings show that students' financial literacy and financial education are in enough categories; whereas, motivation and self-efficacy are in good condition, and students' financial knowledge is in unfavorable category. The results of path analysis show that the variable of financial education does not have any direct influence toward financial literacy, but it has indirect influence through motivation. Then, the variable of financial education also does not have any direct influence toward self-efficacy, and self-efficacy does not influence toward financial literacy and financial knowledge does not have any influence toward financial literacy. Thus; the learning process on Finance should involve three aspects; cognitive, affective, and psychomotor; and it needs the development of learning model on Finance to involve students' activeness in managing their financial activities.

Research conducted aims to get a clear of financial accountability seen from the understanding of the financialaccounting system in the Gianyar Regency Government, getting an idea of financial accountability seen from the activity control, try to give suggestions that can help the Gianyar Regency Government in solving the problems faced, especially the problems studied, namely the influence of understanding the regional financial accounting system and control activities on financial accountability in Gianyar Regency Government. The result of overall lregression analysis indicate that 66,2% of the independent variables can be explained by the depemdent variable, while the remaining 33,8% is explained by other factors or variable,

The paper examines in detail the problems of audit market quality. The modern audit quality control system in Ukraine is analyzed, the main indicators characterizing the development trends of the audit services market are considered. When representatives of different segments of society use the services of independent audit firms to make effective management decisions, it is necessary to conduct high-quality audits. To achieve this goal, we have given and described the structure, given a description of its elements, identified ways to develop to improve the quality of auditing. The market for audit services has an extremely high level of competition. In such circumstances, each individual audit firm must maintain a sufficiently high degree of image among current and potential users of their services. This can be achieved only by maintaining the impeccable quality of audits and constant review of the personnel structure of the audit firm. The purpose of writing the paper is to analyze the problematic aspects of quality control of audit services, functional aspects of audit quality control from the point of view of the external user, and the internal organization of quality work of specialists. In the context of globalization of the economy, the growth of commercial activity, production of goods, works and services, the main competitive advantage is quality, including this is typical for auditing. The main product of audit services is documentary evidence of financial (accounting) statements. With regard to related and other services, the result of audit activities is the provision of advice and development of measures for effective management of financial and economic activities of the enterprise. The quality and effectiveness of the audit product cannot be assessed before or at the time of service, only after all audit procedures have been performed. Quality control of audit activities is a set of measures aimed at improving financial and economic activities and reducing the risks of audit organizations. The decisive role for clients in choosing an audit company is played by an impeccable business reputation, so only organizations that provide their services in a quality and honest manner can count on competitive advantages in the audit market and profitability of sales.

Davies S. and Polverari L. Financial accountability and European Union Cohesion policy, Regional Studies. Many changes in European Union Cohesion policy since the late 1990s have been driven by the need to ensure and demonstrate financial accountability. This paper examines how the increased emphasis on financial management, control and audit in relation to the European Union budget is reshaping the governance of Cohesion policy, as well as the instruments of financial accountability. It also assesses the effects of these new instruments on financial flows and considers how these changes are perceived by policy-makers. Lastly, it explores the difficulties of assessing the impact of administrative changes on financial accountability in Cohesion policy. Davies S. et Polverari L. La responsabilité financière et la politique de l'Union européenne en faveur de la cohésion, Regional Studies. Depuis la fin des années 90, les nombreuses modifications à la politique de l'Union européenne en faveur de la cohésion ont été conduites par la nécessité d'assurer et de faire preuve de la responsabilité financière. Cet article cherche à examiner comment l'accent mis de plus en plus sur les notions de gestion, de contrôle et d'audit financiers par rapport au budget de l'Union européenne finit par remodeler la gouvernance de la politique en faveur de la cohésion, ainsi que les outils de responsabilité financière. On évalue aussi l'impact de ces nouveaux outils sur les flux financiers et considère comment ces modifications sont appéciées par le décideurs. Pour conclure, on examine les difficultés d'évaluer l'impact des changements adminsitratifs sur la responsabilité financière pour ce qui est de la politique en faveur de la cohésion. Responsabilité Gestion financière Audit Politique en faveur de la cohésion Fonds structurels Davies S. und Polverari L. Finanzielle Rechenschaft und Kohäsionspolitik der Europäischen Union, Regional Studies. Viele Veränderungen in der Kohäsionspolitik der Europäischen Union seit dem Ende der neunziger Jahre gehen auf das Bedürfnis zurück, eine finanzielle Rechenschaft sicherzustellen und nachzuweisen. In diesem Beitrag wird untersucht, wie die verstärkte Betonung der finanziellen Verwaltung, Kontrolle und Prüfung im Zusammenhang mit dem Etat der Europäischen Union die Umsetzung der Kohäsionspolitik sowie die Instrumente der finanziellen Rechenschaft umgestaltet. Ebenso werden die Auswirkungen dieser neuen Instrumente auf die Finanzströme erörtert, und es wird untersucht, wie diese Veränderungen von den Politikern beurteilt werden. Schließlich werden die Schwierigkeiten bei einer Beurteilung der Auswirkung der administrativen Veränderungen auf die finanzielle Rechenschaft in der Kohäsionspolitik erörtert. Rechenschaft Finanzverwaltung Prüfung Kohäsionspolitik Strukturfonds Davies S. y Polverari L. Responsabilidad financiera y la política de cohesión de la Unión Europea, Regional Studies. Muchos de los cambios en la política de cohesión de la Unión Europea desde finales de los noventa han estado impulsados por la necesidad de asegurar y demostrar la responsabilidad financiera. En este artículo examinamos cómo el creciente énfasis en la gestión, el control y la auditoría financieros con relación al presupuesto de la Unión Europea está reorganizando la gobernanza de la política de cohesión, así como los instrumentos de la responsabilidad financiera. También evaluamos los efectos de estos nuevos instrumentos en los flujos financieros y consideramos cómo los responsables políticos perciben estos cambios. Por último, analizamos las dificultades de valorar el impacto de los cambios administrativos en la responsabilidad financiera de la política de cohesión. Responsabilidad Gestión financiera Auditoría Política de cohesión Fondos estructurales

The lack of resources caused many Taiwanese small and medium enterprises (SMEs) not to employ full-time professional accountants. This research is customer-oriented, focusing on the relationship between quality service, strategic marketing, relationship quality and customer satisfaction, and their impact on accounting firms. It is expected that this research will provide useful management information for accounting firms, and a reference for future studies.This research focused its study subject on SMEs, using random samples among accounting and auditing firms and their customers. Questionnaires were both paper-based and internet-based. The objective of this research is to determine the factors behind customer satisfaction, in hope of providing valuable information for accounting firms regarding quality service in gaining a high competitive edge. Research Result 1 indicated that, relationship marketing has a positive effect on service quality and relationship quality. There is a positive relationship between relationship quality and accounting and social dimensions. Research Result 2 indicated that out of the 5 dimensions of service quality, responsiveness, assurance and empathy are more significant, which have to be enhanced in order to strengthened the relationship quality with customers. Research Result 3 showed that, service quality does not have a positive impact on customer satisfaction; however, relationship quality has a positive effect on customer satisfaction.

The article considers organisational and methodological aspects of the process of planning internal audits of financial and economic activities (hereinafter referred to as FEA) of budgetary institutions of higher education using a risk-based approach. The article provides the author’s personal interpretations of the concepts of “financial and economic activities of universities” and “financial and economic process”, developed criteria for assessing the probability and significance of the consequences of violations in the FEA of universities and identifies the signs by which this can be determined. The article also envisages the problem of establishing the resource intensity of each internal audit and the necessary amount of resources for their implementation within the framework of subsequent control. The author presents a general scheme for implementing the process of planning internal audits of financial and economic activities based on a risk-oriented approach, which allows achieving an optimal balance between the resources available to the organisation and the objectives of covering the most risky objects with control measures. The aim of the study is to develop methodological aspects of planning internal audits of the financial and economic activities of domestic universities based on a risk-oriented approach. In the course of the work, the author applies such general scientific methods of cognition as analysis, systematisation and generalisation. The results of the study can be used by representatives of the scientific community and practitioners involved in the organisation of internal financial control and audit in budgetary institutions of higher education.

This paper designs a museum financial management system based on computer artificial intelligence technology. The system introduces RPA technology to automatically collect, identify and classify image data of image recognition, speech recognition and original documents to help improve the efficiency of voucher entry and audit. This paper focuses on the general ledger management certificate of museum financial sharing service center to optimize the design of financial process automation. The system realizes the concentration and integration of business and financial activities through the process reengineering of financial fund settlement, accounting, budget preparation and financial analysis of the museum, so as to improve the quality of financial information disclosure, budget management and internal control efficiency of the museum.

Lembaga Pemasyarakatan (Lapas) Terbuka Kelas IIB Jakarta manages oyster mushroom as the potential food resource. The mushroom is cultivated by prisoners in the prison. However, it has not been utilized optimally as an effective business opportunity. The purpose of this community service was threefold, namely i) to utilize the potential of oyster mushroom in Lapas Terbuka Kelas IIB Jakarta to be processed into nugget as the food product with higher selling value; ii) to encourage prisoners’ entrepreneurship spirit; and iii) to produce oyster mushroom-based nugget continuously to increase prison productivity. The method used in this program was training the prisoners oyster mushroom-based nugget processing and packaging using vacuum packaging technology, entrepreneurship and marketing strategy, as well as financial accounting. Afterwards, nugget processing, packaging, and simple financial accounting practice were conducted. The evaluation was conducted after two months of training to evaluate the implementation of nugget entrepreneurial activities in prison. The program was attended by prisoners and prison staff members. Through this community service program, we hope oyster mushroom cultivation in prison could be utilized more effectively so that productivity can be raised. Continuous coaching is needed to keep the production, marketing, and financial record activities work better.

Budget management encompasses a series of financial regulatory activities, including planning, bookkeeping, expenditure, supervision, and financial accountability within an organization or institution. This study employs a qualitative research approach to explore the extent to which Good Corporate Governance (GCG) principles are implemented in budget management at the Provincial Representative Office of BKKBN Bali. The findings reveal that all GCG principles—transparency, accountability, responsibility, independence, and fairness—have been applied by both budget managers and users. Nevertheless, several challenges remain, such as the low realization of the Special Allocation Fund (DAK) for the Family Planning sub-sector and limited support from regional (district/municipal) government budgets (APBD). As a solution, cross-sectoral synergy and the strengthening of ethical organizational commitment are necessary. The implementation of GCG has been proven to foster a more harmonious, transparent, and sustainable approach to budget governance.

Governments are playing an increasingly important role in promoting corporate environmental sustainability. However, little is known about their ability to discourage firms from engaging in greenwashing by selectively disclosing more favorable and benign environmental information. In this paper, we explore two important mechanisms through which governments can affect firms’ behaviors in this area – environmental regulations and state ownership. We also study whether presence of external audit impacts the effectiveness of environmental regulations and state ownership in greenwashing mitigation. Our preliminary analysis is based on a sample of 1,731 firms from 34 countries between 2007 and 2017 and shows that both environmental regulations and state ownership are effective in preventing greenwashing by exerting coercive pressures and creating governance structures that align state owners’ and managers’ objectives. We also find that while central state ownership has a negative mitigating effect on firms’ greenwashing, ownership by local state entities or sovereign wealth funds does not have a significant impact. Lastly, we show that external audit of non-financial disclosure provides an additional layer of monitoring that can substitute regulations’ mitigation effect on firms’ greenwashing.