Control of indoor CO2 concentration based on a process model

This paper describes the model matching controller design using Internal Model Control (IMC) controller and the approach of multiobjective optimization based Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used to optimize the value of tuning parameter lambda (λ) of an IMC controller to have more improved robustness and performance for a First Order Plus Time Delay (FOPTD) model. IMC controller is fairly robust towards the uncertainty and can be implemented in any plant process. IMC Controller is using single tuning parameter lambda (λ) which is capable to have trade off between servo-regulator problems from a performance and robustness point of view. GA is an optimization technique useful to minimize or maximize the objective function. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of multiobjective optimization based GA approach for designing IMC controller to have better servo-regulator trade-off.

In this paper, a new approach for the design of PID based Internal model control (IMC) controller is proposed. The proposed design scheme incorporates model order reduction technique and an advanced state space control technique, i.e., linear quadratic regulator (LQR) in the classical IMC control scheme. A systematic algorithm is developed for determining the tuning parameters. Subsequently, the IMC controller is converted into a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) type controller. Further, the proposed scheme is applied for single area load frequency control of the power system. The proposed approach is compared with the existing techniques. The simulation results indicate that the proposed control scheme shows an improved disturbance rejection capability and better transient response in comparison to existing design techniques.

Anti-slug control solutions based on identified model

A systematic internal model control (IMC) controller design methodology has been developed for various types of multivariable processes. When we try to apply IMC to various systems several implementation problems are encountered. In this paper, we resolve these problems and suggest a systematic IMC controller design methodology. IMC shows very good performance and is easy to tune for open-loop stable systems. For unstable systems we apply IMC after stabilizing the systems using the pole placement technique. A combination of quadratic programming and IMC can handle constraints on manipulated and controlled variables.

Failure conditions for inverse-based multivariable controllers: internal model control structure

A combined system of chilled ceiling, displacement ventilation and desiccant dehumidification

A model for investigations of ventilation systems as sources for volatile organic compounds in indoor climate

AI-driven ventilation control policy proximal optimization coupled with dynamic-informed real-time model calibration for healthy and sustainable indoor PM2.5 management

This paper presents an Internal model controller (IMC) for temperature control of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system. Firstly, the temperature of an air-conditioning system of the test room is controlled by using PID controller. The performance and stability of the control process are degraded due to the significant time delay of air-conditioning process. So, smith-predictor scheme is used to compensate the time delay. But when the process has larger system parameters and longer time delay, smith-predictor does not provide better results. To overcome this problem, an internal model (IMC) controller is developed. Simulation results compare the performance of internal model (IMC) controller with conventional PID controller and smith predictor controller. Simulation result shows that an internal model controller gives satisfactory performance with less overshoot and less settling time.

In this paper, a single stage conversion method is used for the integration of the Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) with the utility grid. The three phase Voltage Source Converter (VSC) is used to extract the maximum power from the SPV. The power produced by the SPV changes with change in solar irradiance, hence a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) scheme is necessary to obtain the maximum power at a particular irradiance. In earlier works the conventional dq current control method is used. In this work the Internal Model Control (IMC) based current control is implemented. The IMC based controller has a simple design procedure and can be implemented using PI controllers. The Power produced by the SPV is used to supply the local load demand and the extra power, if any, is fed to the utility grid. If the load demand is more than the power produced by the SPV, the deficit power can be supplied by the grid. The SPV with IMC control will be validated under different irradiance level. The validation of the scheme is done using MATLAB/Simulink under different irradiance values.

<div class="htmlview paragraph">As a result of the increased complexity of today's power trains, the traditional ways of designing engine control systems essentially through ad hoc methods and experimental tuning will no longer provide the desired level of performance. Further, it is too time-consuming due to the calibration process. In this paper, a novel model-based controller is described which accommodates many of today's demands on controller development of the automotive industry.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The control problem treated here is a boost pressure control of a turbocharged diesel engine with a variable nozzle turbine (VNT). Depending on the injected fuel and the current speed of the diesel engine, the boost pressure has to follow a desired trajectory. Since the system is essentially nonlinear, a robust nonlinear controller is used.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The tracking problem is treated by a control method which combines the Internal Model Control (IMC) structure with the flatness-based approach to design feedforward controllers. The main idea of IMC is to include the model of the plant into the feedback controller. If the model perfectly represents the plant and no disturbances occur, the IMC structure degenerates to a pure feedforward control. Flat systems are characterized by the fact that their input can be expressed explicitly in terms of internal system dynamics, which results in a simple method for designing a feedforward controller. In order to extend this concept to nonlinear systems, a flatness-based feedforward controller is proposed as IMC controller. It is shown that this new concept provides an efficient controller design for certain nonlinear systems and ensures robustness and offset-free tracking. Simulations and testbed results on a turbocharged diesel engine demonstrate the feasibility of this control scheme which results in impressive control performance.</div>

Data driven indoor air quality prediction in educational facilities based on IoT network

Combined internal model and inferential control of a distillation column via closed-loop identification

The development of symptoms possibly related to allergy or other forms of hypersensitivity was studied in a group of 638 children on two occasions: when the children were 3 and 18 months of age. Standardized questions were used to collect basic information about the child, technical characteristics of the home, and the mother's perception of the indoor climate. All reported exposure factors were analyzed in relation to the child's symptoms at 18 months of age, by logistic regression techniques. A family history of atopy was associated with a high incidence of most of the investigated symptoms. Attendance at a day nursery before 18 months of age increased the risk of recurrent colds and the need for several courses of treatment with antibiotics. If the mother smoked, the children more often suffered from protracted coughing episodes. If the child has a sibling, the risk of developing a wheeze, repeated colds, and the need for antibiotic treatment increased. No building factors, such as size of the home, heating and ventilation system, type of foundation, dampness, or presence of wall-to-wall carpets, showed a significant correlation to symptoms reported in the children. However, if the mothers reported symptoms that are often connected with "sick buildings", the children more often had eczema, dry skin, or reactions to food. The mothers' complaints about indoor air quality and climate and mucous membrane symptoms were significantly related to the type of building and presence of condensation on the windows in winter, a finding which may indicate that indoor climate factors also have some effect on the health of the children. This study reports the prevalences of symptoms until the age of 18 months. At this age, the allergic manifestations are usually nonspecific, and follow-up examinations to 4-5 years of age are needed before any definite conclusions can be drawn about the development of atopic diseases due to indoor climate factors.

Host susceptibility to indoor air pollution