Controlling waste by waste: a modified landfill leachate coagulation sludge activated peroxymonosulfate process achieves complete BPA degradation

This study used coagulation sludge from a landfill leachate treatment to prepare a modified coagulation sludge (MCS) catalyst by the limited oxygen pyrolysis method, and the adsorption, degradation efficiency, and reaction mechanism of bisphenol A (BPA) in the MCS activated peroxymonosulfate (MCS/PMS) process were investigated. The pyrolysis temperature determined the adsorption capacity and the activation ability of MCS. At a pyrolysis temperature of 300 °C for 2 h, the MCS300-2 test material had the best adsorption capacity for BPA, while MCS450-2 prepared at a pyrolysis temperature of 450 °C for 2 h had a better catalytic performance towards PMS. In the MCS/PMS process, BPA (20 mg/L) could be completely degraded at 120 min under room temperature when the initial pH = 7, PMS dosage = 3 g/L, and MCS dosage = 0.3 g/L. Radical quenching experiments indicated that both hydroxyl radical (·OH) and sulfate radical (SO4-·) existed in the MCS/PMS process, and ·OH played a major role in BPA degradation. The changes in morphology, functional groups, components, and surface element valence state of MCS catalysts before and after the reaction were investigated. It was found that the BPA degradation reaction was a coupled adsorption and oxidation process, in which homogenous in situ and heterogeneous effects were included in the reactions. In addition, the stability of the MCS/PMS process was verified in different environmental scenarios, including ultrapure water, tap water, and municipal wastewater. Furthermore, the degradation intermediates (such as p-hydroxyl phenol and p-hydroxybenzoic acid) of BPA were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and the reaction mechanisms in the MCS/PMS process were investigated.

Inhibition of seawater on bisphenol A (BPA) degradation by Fenton reagents

Efficient activation of peroxymonosulfate by using ferroferric oxide supported on carbon/UV/US system: A new approach into catalytic degradation of bisphenol A

Inhibition of BPA degradation by serum as a hydroxyl radical scavenger and an Fe trapping agent in Fenton process

A novel bacterium, Bacillus megaterium strain ISO-2, capable of the degradation of bisphenol A (BPA), was isolated from wastewater collected from a polycarbonate industry. The bacterium, which was grown on mineral salts medium supplemented with yeast extract, exhibited complete BPA removal from 5 mg L−1 BPA within 72 h. BPA-degrading ability and bacterial growth, however, were inhibited at higher BPA concentrations. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis revealed several intermediates during the BPA degradation process by B. megaterium strain ISO-2. These intermediates were identified as 4-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)phenol, 4-isopropylphenol, 4-isopropenylphenol, benzoic acid, butanoic acid, propanoic acid, benzeneacetic acid, phenylethyl alcohol, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde, and phenolic compounds. The possible degradation pathway of BPA was proposed. In addition, strain ISO-2 effectively removed BPA present in the wastewater and could also tolerate high total dissolved solids (TDS) and an alkaline environment. The results indicate that B. megaterium strain ISO-2 is a very effective bacterium for BPA removal from industrial or contaminated wastewaters.

Peroxymonosulfate activation by mesoporous CuO nanocage for organic pollutants degradation via a singlet oxygen-dominated pathway

Degradation of bisphenol A on SnO2-MWCNT electrode using electrochemical oxidation

Ru(III)-catalyzed permanganate oxidation of bisphenol A

Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disruptor widely used in industrial production, is found in various environmental sources. Despite numerous reports on BPA degradation and removal, the details remain unclear. This paper aims to address this gap by providing a comprehensive review of BPA degradation methods, focusing on biological, physical, and chemical treatments and the factors that affect the degradation of BPA. Firstly, the paper uses VOSviewer software (version 1.6.15) to map out the literature on BPA degradation published in the past 20 years, which reveals the trends and research focus in this field. Next, the advantages and limitations of different BPA degradation methods are discussed. Overall, this review highlights the importance of BPA degradation to protect the environment and human health. The paper provides significant insights for researchers and policymakers to develop better approaches for BPA degradation and removal.

Mineralization of bisphenol A (BPA) by anodic oxidation with boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode

Mechanistic study of oxidative removal of bisphenol A by pristine nanocatalyst Mn3O4/peroxymonosulfate

Biodegradation potential of bisphenol A (BPA) in the aquatic environments was investigated using 3 activated sludge and 44 river water microcosms. The biodegradation potential was exhibited by most of the tested microcosms; 3 activated sludge and 40 river water microcosms. However, only 6 river water microcosms could completely mineralize BPA, and the others showed accumulation of common metabolites which were detected as 2 peaks according to a high-pressure liquid chromatograph. In total 19 BPA-degrading bacteria were isolated from activated sludge and river water samples, and their BPA degradation property was also investigated. Although all the BPA-degrading bacteria could grow on BPA and remove about 70–80% of TOC derived from BPA, they accumulated 2 common metabolites, and they could not be removed by the prolonged cultivation up to more than 1 month. These 2 metabolites were identified as 2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,2-propanediol and p-hydroxyphenacyl alcohol in the culture of a typical BPA-degrading bacterium. The experimental results suggested that BPA-degrading bacteria ubiquitously exist in the aquatic environments, but that they cannot completely degrade BPA, leading to the accumulation of more recalcitrant metabolites. For complete BPA degradation, the presence of microbes which can degrade the metabolites seems necessary together with BPA-degrading bacteria.

The degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) by Fe3O4/persulfate system was investigated in aqueous solution. The influences of the initial concentrations of Fe3O4, persulfate (PS) and BPA, pH value, and initial reaction temperature on BPA removal were studied. The radical species was investigated by adding excessive dose of scavenger (methanol (MeOH) and tert-butanol (TBA)) into Fe3O4/PS system for the purpose of radical scavenging. The degradation products of BPA were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The recyclability of Fe3O4 was also evaluated. The BPA removal rate of 80.7% was achieved under the following conditions: [BPA]0 = 1 mg L-1, [PS]0 = 0.2 mM, [Fe3O4]0 = 0.1 g L-1, T0 = 20 ± 1 ºC, pH0 = 6.8 ± 0.2. The results confirmed that the main free radicals in the reaction process were sulfate radicals, followed by hydroxyl radicals. Some intermediate products of BPA degradation, such as phenols, benzoquinones and benzoic acid were identified by GC-MS.

Enhanced mineralization of bisphenol A by electric arc furnace slag: Catalytic ozonation

Synergistic effect of Cu adsorption on the enhanced photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A by TiO2/titanate nanotubes composites