Correlation analysis between social network content and query intention

In this paper, a novel relevance feedback is proposed to capture the user's query intention in large remote sensing databases. In order to increase the retrieval precision and reduce the retrieval time, the proposed relevance feedback approach firstly pre-selects a set of candidate images using semantic score functions as well as code co-occurrence matrices, which are de- rived from the context-sensitive Bayesian network. Since based on the user-supplied examples the semantic score function is able to measure the extent to which a given remote sensing image is related to a semantic concept, the pre-selected candidate images are highly related to the user's query intention and thus enable a better precision. Then, a computational more expensive region- based relevance feedback technique is carried out on the candi- date images. Since the number of candidate images is smaller by order of magnitude than the number of stored images, the re- trieval time is significantly reduced.

Thanks to online social networks services such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, etc.…, users have the opportunity to communicate easily without constraints by providing them with free and open platforms. Because of their crucial role in spreading information between users, these platforms have become an integral part of everyday life. Privacy and security are major concerns for many social media users. When users share information (such as data, photos etc.…) with their friends, they are not always safe; they can make their friends easy targets attacked by malicious users who try with multiple methods to access their personal data. Unfortunately, with the continued expansion of a user’s social network, privacy settings alone are often insufficient to protect the user’s profile. In this paper, we have proposed a new approach to limit the spread and dissemination of spam content and malicious profiles in social networks. In another way, prohibit the creation of malicious profiles by automated robots as well as the falsification of identity when publishing spam content in social networks. Given that when using online social networking services, users trust them to process their information; have seen that it is necessary not to neglect this part; but rather to make a set of changes that will be consistent with our proposal to strengthen the protection of personal data of users of these platforms.

The increasing volume of malicious content in social networks requires automated methods to detect and eliminate such content. This paper describes a supervised machine learning classification model that has been built to detect the distribution of malicious content in online social networks (ONSs). Multisource features have been used to detect social network posts that contain malicious Uniform Resource Locators (URLs). These URLs could direct users to websites that contain malicious content, drive-by download attacks, phishing, spam, and scams. For the data collection stage, the Twitter streaming application programming interface (API) was used and VirusTotal was used for labelling the dataset. A random forest classification model was used with a combination of features derived from a range of sources. The random forest model without any tuning and feature selection produced a recall value of 0.89. After further investigation and applying parameter tuning and feature selection methods, however, we were able to improve the classifier performance to 0.92 in recall.

Mobile phones are becoming more and more ubiquitous with a large number of these devices having image/video capturing capabilities, connection capabilities and built-in rich sensory. This has encouraged the common user to capture more image/video content than ever before. However, this has created two interrelated problems: 1) while capturing some scene the user may want to get more information about it to make a decision (e.g. a buying one) without painful textual input on these mobile devices and while accounting for multiple meanings associated with a single image, as an image is worth a thousand words and 2) videos captured cannot be easily searched afterwards and hence forgotten due to the lack of proper indexing techniques. In this paper, we are presenting a system addressing the above two problems through a single solution by providing users with real-time automatically generated tags of their currently captured videos. The user can select/deselect from the automatic tags, thus tags can serve as visual query suggestions helping bridging the user's query intent. This same set of tags will be stored with the video for enabling easy content access afterwards.

With the increase of web services resources on data mining platform, how to organize and manage these services effectively, and how to help user do semantic service finding rather than simple keyword matching, draw more and more relevant researchers' attention. This paper introduced ontology into data mining web service platform, used ontology description language (OWL) to describe data mining web services, and built a semantic search engine, which made the platform could understand user's query intent, and do precise semantic service finding easily.

An accurate understanding of a user's query intent can help improve the performance of downstream tasks such as query scoping and ranking. In the e-commerce domain, recent work in query understanding focuses on the query to product-category mapping. But, a small yet significant percentage of queries (in our website 1.5% or 33M queries in 2019) have non-commercial intent associated with them. These intents are usually associated with non-commercial information seeking needs such as discounts, store hours, installation guides, etc. In this paper, we introduce Joint Query Intent Understanding (JointMap), a deep learning model to simultaneously learn two different high-level user intent tasks: 1) identifying a query's commercial vs. non-commercial intent, and 2) associating a set of relevant product categories in taxonomy to a product query. JointMap model works by leveraging the transfer bias that exists between these two related tasks through a joint-learning process. As curating a labeled data set for these tasks can be expensive and time-consuming, we propose a distant supervision approach in conjunction with an active learning model to generate high-quality training data sets. To demonstrate the effectiveness of JointMap, we use search queries collected from a large commercial website. Our results show that JointMap significantly improves both "commercial vs. non-commercial" intent prediction and product category mapping by 2.3% and 10% on average over state-of-the-art deep learning methods. Our findings suggest a promising direction to model the intent hierarchies in an e-commerce search engine.

The purpose of this study is to explore the experience of the consultant’s usage on social-network and the subsequent decisions made To this end, the following four issues will be the focus of this research: the motivation and current state of the consultant’s usage on social networking sites; the consultant’s personal decision-making considerations on social networking sites; the challenges faced by the consultant on social networking sites; the consultant’s perspective on “the usage on social networking Accordingly, the research methods used will be purposive sampling and semi-structured in-depth interviews. First, six consultants would be invited to participate in the research on the usage for social networking sites. Next, the data collected through interviews would be organized, summarized and analyzed with grounded theory. Finally, the results of the study will be discussed comprehensively. Interviewee responses to the research questions: 1.The motivation and current state of the consultant’s usage on social networking The motivation for the respondents to apply for a social networking site is to interact with friends. The current state of the respondents’ usage on social networking can be summarized as follows: respondents who have long term experience in social networking will have more than one personal site; the direction of writing and the presentation of content, will be affected by the features of social networking sites, which also affects the relationship with the audience. Furthermore, the micro-blog type community site has become an integral part of the respondents’ lives. 2.Consultant’s personal decision-making considerations on the usage on social networking There are several considerations that factor into the consultants’ decisions when using the social networking sites: openness of the community site itself, ease of to spreading on the network, convenience for browsing, privacy of their own and others, personal confidentiality and protection of personal rights and interests. Furthermore, the potential ability of social networking to influence others is an important consideration for consultants due to their roles and responsibilities. 3.The challenges faced by the consultants on social networking (A)Respondents experienced negative emotions after prying into certain cases on social networking out of curiosity. (B)Respondents with the aforementioned experience tend to readjust their perspective and actions on social networking sites. 4.The consultant’s perspective on “the usage on social networking sites (A)Consultants should not be denied the right to use social networking due to their profession. However, consultants should use such with professional integrity. (B)The ability of consultants to understand the purpose of using social networking and the information to be conveyed would enable them to have a clear concept of appropriate message content. (C)Consultants would be able to avoid posting inappropriate messages on social networking if they have a good sense of self-awareness, and are able to reflect and assess the issue on hand. (D)Consultants need to pay attention to the content of messages on community websites as they have no control over the audiences’ interpretation of it. (E)Consultants should remain professional on social networking and this includes refraining from criticisms and inferences. Discoveries derived from analysis of the interview data: 1.Psychology consultants deem that social networking have become an interactive tool that is indispensable in both life and work 2.Psychology consultants’ value of individual privacy and are conscious of their input on social networking site. 3.Psychology consultants create an identity and role for themselves through the Internet and social networking 4.Psychology consultants are affected by their professional role and ethics responsibilities when using social networking sites. 5.Psychology consultants tend to be concerned over how individuals perceive the information they posted on social networking sites. 6.Psychology consultants believe that their messages on social networking may subconsciously affect the discussion on these sites. 7.Psychology consultants are influenced by their training in ethics and this makes them extra cautious when using social networking sites. 8.Psychology consultants tend to attempt to separate the “professional” and the “personal” on social networking sites. The following conclusion can be drawn from the above research and analysis of the results: 1.Recommendations for consultants (A)The importance of the effects of personal network-related messages on the consultant’s profession, work and case relationship (B)The intention usage, and function of social networking requires care and consideration. (C)In cases of ethical dilemma, consultants should seek advice and discussion with other professionals. 2.Recommendations for consultants’ training programs (A)Inclusion of Internet knowledge in training programs so consultants are familiar with its potential. (B)There should be a focus on the ethics training of consultants. 3.Recommendations for the future research (A)Public opinion on consultants’ usage of social networking sites. Consultants’ years of service can be included as a factor in the study.

Este artigo tem como objeto de estudo as interações que ocorrem nos sites de rede sociais, com o objetivo de analisar como as diferentes formas de interações ocorridas nos sites de redes sociais estão relacionadas a aprendizagens. Os dados foram coletados através da rede social Facebook a partir de postagens em seis páginas da referida rede social e analisados por meio das técnicas de análise de redes sociais e de análise de conteúdo, com auxílio de softwares. Os resultados encontrados apontaram que os sites de redes sociais, ao oferecer aos usuários diferentes possibilidades de interação e estimulam as redes de aprendizagens em suas dimensões cognitiva, afetiva e vivencial. As interações se relacionam a aprendizagens quando – através das postagens, compartilhamentos, comentários e reações – possibilitam que as pessoas dividam conhecimento, dialoguem, produzam conteúdo e expressem sentimentos e percepções, em uma rede infinita de possibilidades.

Introduction. Some aspects of a lawyer's behavior on social networks are regulated by the Rules of Attorney Ethics. However, these provisions have been criticized by lawyers since their adoption. Therefore, an analysis of the norms of those Rules is appropriate to address issues related to their application in practice. The purpose of this paper is to Analyze the provisions of the Rules of Advocate Ethics in terms of regulating the behavior of a lawyer on social networks. Investigate the practice of applying such provisions as well as the possibility of further improving legal regulation in this area. Results. The paper deals with the issues of regulation of lawyers' behavior in social networks, analyzes the norms of the Rules of Attorney ethics, examines potential negative consequences of application current version of those norms for both individual lawyers and for the whole institute of advocacy. Furthermore, it contains certain suggestions of how to improve legal regulation of this area. Emphasis on the existence of the unspecified concept of “lawyer's authority”. It is determined, that the interpretation of those concept is left to the discretion of the Qualification and Disciplinary Commission of the Advocacy. But such a wide competence may lead to committing some abuses by this authority. The problem of formation of additional duties of lawyers than those provided by the Rules of attorney ethics is revealed. The legitimacy of such responsibilities has been proven. The paper examines potential negative consequences of application current version of those norms for both individual lawyers and for the whole institute of advocacy. Namely, due to the lack of a clear possibility to identify the person leaving the record on the social network, it is considered to be difficult and sometimes impossible to prove the guilt of a particular lawyer. Furthermore, the paper contains certain suggestions of how to improve legal regulation of this area. In particular, the position of scholars on the impossibility of applying, according to lawyers on social networks, such disciplinary sanctions as suspension or termination of the right to practice law was supported. Authors consider it expedient to include information in the Unified Register of Lawyers of Ukraine to confirm the profile of a lawyer on a social network. Conclusion. The necessity of developing a system of methodical recommendations for solving cases of this category is stated. It is proposed to develop methodological recommendations by analyzing the accounts of users of various social networks and summarizing the information obtained with the possible involvement of specialists in the field of IT-technologies.

The article examines the peculiarities of the young people perception of political content in social networks. The use of an objective neurophysiological oculography method for the study of visual attention has been proposed. The empirical basis of the study was the analysis of 1500 social network posts of political orientation, to which the tagging of the visual part of the message was applied and basic behavioral statistics were collected, including indicators of communicability, attractiveness and virality. This allowed to conduct a primary classification of political content and form sets of stimulating material for conducting neurophysiological research. The research experiment consisted of consecutive displaying collages of various types of political content (memes, photographs of political leaders, photographs of political events and posters) and simultaneously recording the participants eye movement behavior using a web tracker. The obtained quantitative data was used to determine the trajectory of studying the stimulus material, as well as to assess visual attention when perceiving various types of political content. The study of the stimulus material begins with viewing the image in the upper left corner (0°–45°), then moves to the lower left corner (135°–180°), regardless of the type of content. It was discovered that the average duration of fixations for different types of political content differs significantly (H=8.201, df=3, p=0.042). The most attractive are memes and photographs of political leaders, the least attractive – posters. The first fixations are caused, as a rule, by the pattern of viewing visual information. An increase in the duration of perception of a stimulus leads to a redistribution of the duration of fixations to the images most interesting for the participants in the experiment. It was revealed that the average duration of fixations on the content entails its memorability (images), as indicated by the Pearson correlation coefficient (r=0.564, p=0.023). The obtained data on the visual perception of various types of political content allows to adjust and increase the effectiveness of the communication strategy for promoting certain accounts in social networks by actors of political power.

The 21st century has emerged as an era of accountability and standardisation for the teaching profession (Mikulec & Miller, 2012). The current research is comprised of 4 interrelated empirical studies which measure and explore individual differences in perceptions of teacher-student boundaries in the secondary school context from an ethical perspective. This research is timely given it has been 8 years since the Teacher Code of Conduct was introduced in Victoria (The Institute, 2008). While the relationship between teachers and their students has been recognised as a powerful contributor to learning, engagement, and development, the professional limitations of teacher-student interactions have been relatively unexplored. Further, technological advances in the last decade have created new environments that potentially expose teachers to new possibilities and vulnerabilities such as Social Networking Sites (SNS). Within a contingency framework for ethical decision-making (Ferrell & Gresham, 1985) the current research employs a mixed-methods approach and a cross-sectional design. Participants were preservice secondary teachers (N = 288) enrolled at a Victorian university and early career secondary teachers (N = 227) registered in Victoria. All participants completed a questionnaire during class time (preservice) or online (early career) which took approximately 40 minutes. In the absence of a measure of attitudes towards teacher-student interactions and behaviours, the Professional Interactions and Behaviours Scale (PIBS) was developed and validated in Study A. Based upon the Victorian Teacher Code of Conduct, (The Institute, 2008), 5 types of teacher-student interactions were educed from the items; emotional support, physical support, teacher disclosure, connectivity, and befriending. Although average endorsement was modest, early career teachers reported higher endorsement of teacher disclosure and preservice teachers provided greater approval of connectivity and befriending. An opportune international collaboration enabled further comparisons with preservice secondary teachers in Norway (N = 227), who demonstrated greater endorsement of the provision of physical support to students than Victorian preservice teachers. Differences in reported ethical training provided during teacher education are also noted and considered as a context for the development of attitudes toward professional behaviour. Utilising a person-centred approach, Study B explored profiles of trait-like characteristics among the Victorian preservice teachers through cluster analysis. This study proposed that individual differences in personality (Mc Crae & Costa, 2003) and attachment style as defined by Bartholomew (1990) may relate to other personal characteristics such as the need for popularity, domains of contingent self-worth and perceptions of professional behaviour as measured by the PIBS. Preservice teachers described as “responsive resilient” in personality were more likely than “curious & sensitive ambiverts” to endorse teacher provision of emotional support to students. Further, securely attached individuals were more likely to endorse the provision of physical support than dismissive individuals. Study C utilised a mixed-methods approach to explore profiles of teacher-student interactions styles in early career secondary teachers and their responses to ethical dilemmas relating to teacher-student boundaries. Four profiles emerged; “sparing investors”, “reserved professionals”, “relational enthusiasts”, and “supportive ambitious” and in terms of interpersonal goals, professional expectancies and values, burnout, career satisfaction and career aspirations. Few quantitative differences were observed between profiles in terms of ethical decision-making, yet thematic analysis highlighted contextual considerations and protective behaviours as key considerations of early career teachers. Study D explored current and prospective social networking behaviour and found both preservice and early career teachers were highly engaged with SNS, with preservice teachers reporting greater usage. Almost half of participants in both the preservice and early career samples reported negative experiences as a result of online social networking such as bullying or workplace issues. In relation to connecting with students, early career teachers were more likely to accept a friend request from a past student than preservice teachers. Taken together, these studies explore individual differences in teacher-student boundaries as they are perceived by preservice and early career teachers in Victoria. The PIBS is presented as a valid contemporary measure of perceptions towards teacher-student interactions, and differences of experience and culture considered. Implications of the findings are considered in relation to teacher selection processes, the ethics curriculum in teacher education, and regulation of the teaching profession in Australia.

The aim of this study is to reveal Open Education related social media usage in Turkey through social network analyses. To this end, the most widely used social media network in Turkey, Facebook, was chosen. All the pages and groups created on Facebook related to Open Education were found. A total of 207 groups and 521 pages were accessed and entered into the social network analysis. Within the scope of this study, the density and centrality features of the network were analyzed for groups whereas the density, centrality, and degrees features of the network were analyzed for pages. The study's results revealed that while pages and groups related to programs emphasizing current job opportunities and student support services were more actively used, commercial accounts attempted to exploit students' exam anxiety instead of generating actual content. The findings also revealed that well structured institutional pages appeal to students and have the potential to reach high levels of popular in short periods of time.

Social support networks have been become one of the mostly influential metaphors in many areas around the world, especially in terms of mitigating disaster consequences and revivifying disaster affected livelihoods. More importantly, reciprocal supports ties are more powerful in healing disaster wounds of communities. Especially social capital legacies enrich by reciprocal support networks by the ways in which making may hopes among disaster victims. In this context, the objective of this study is to investigate the social support network behaviors in supporting 16 flood-affected households in the mass flooding event occurred in 2017. Particularly, the study researched social support network behaviors at different flood inundation phases such as before, during, and after. This study collected primary data (mainly social network data) using household survey and filed observations. The study used the Social Network Analysis (SNA) method for the network data analysis. This article shows that flood affected households have received social network supports in different magnitudes at before, during, and after flood inundation phases. More importantly, provision of foods, water and basic needs, sheltering, clearing contaminated households, and emotional supports have mobilized and reciprocated among victims in reviving their livelihoods. The social support network legacies have evolved at different flood inundation phases. This study fills the gabs in the flood disaster discourse on Sri Lankan context.

Cyberbullying has emerged as an important and growing social problem, wherein people use online social networks and mobile phones to bully victims with offensive text, images, audio and video on a 247 basis. This paper studies negative user behavior in the this http URL social network, a popular new site that has led to many cases of cyberbullying, some leading to suicidal behavior.We examine the occurrence of negative words in Ask.fms question+answer profiles along with the social network of likes of questions+answers. We also examine properties of users with cutting behavior in this social network.

Social networking content is characterized by many different aspects that may be of interest to a researcher (e.g., the terminology used in social networks appearing as some content delivery model). However, from the point of view of communicative expediency, we will be interested in the communicative aspect of the circulation of social networks: content creation, message structuring, a specificity of perception of this message by network members, and features of expansion and growth of content. This article aims to elucidate the interconnection and interdependence of traditional media and social networks. To accomplish this, its objectives are: 1) to identify the commonality and difference of content inherent in traditional media and social networks; 2) to understand the structure of the newest audiences formed as a result of the converged communication product; 3) to formulate features of «design» of social networks with the participation of media. The object of the article is the collaboration between media and social networks. The subject of the article is communication models of such collaboration. The methodology of the study is based on the use of general research methods of studying the specificity of the analysis of social and communication phenomena. For media, the phenomenon of participation in social networks means multiplication: not to be present in any network platform — the problem is not social, but of worldview. We argue that participation in the social network is no longer a matter of mediation between the audience and the media, but direct involvement in the life of the audience, adherence to the globalism factor, profile coordination of content. Platforms such as Twitter or Facebook become communications net works with participating citizens from anywhere on the planet. These platforms transform them into a network of employees who, by becoming the so-called «citizen journalists», collaborate with professional media. Moreover, they become authors creating new forms, modes and ways of mass communication: newest slang, content, meanings and so on. Therefore, the phenomenon of social networks guarantees the participating media a social and communication «multiplication». Such participation drives the needs, opinions, and desires of both network members and the audience as a new journalism mission-focused not on the truth for the audience but on the audience as a factor in evaluating the truth. We conclude that society’s progress cannot be made without the process of transforming the structures of the social-communication system and the relations between the participants within that system. Moreover, this progress should take place not so much in the spheres of production, distribution, and consumption of social-communication products as within the influence of the results of social networking activities on the measurement of the behavior of members of society. It is a kind of «design» of social networks. The role of designers in the design of such social networking design is to contribute to the new communication reality. We introduce the term «social network designers». Those carry out the design, planning, step-by-step steps of implementation and calculation of the effectiveness of social-network projects. They must adapt their way of work to the dynamic conditions of functioning of social networks, dynamically optimize their ability to respond to those new ones created by these dynamics. Keywords: communications, content, journalism, internet, media, social network.