Crafting multimodal argumentative meshworks

Aircraft passenger comfort experience: Underlying factors and differentiation from discomfort

The purpose of the present study was: (a) to investigate how Swedish children and adolescents think and feel about war and peace: (b) to examine whether Piaget's developmental theory and Kohlberg's theory of moral development could be used as a frame of reference for analyzing the data, and (c) to study whether there exists two distinct ways of thinking about moral problems as Gilligan proposes—justice and care—and if they are differentially related to gender. One-hundred-eighty-two schoolchildren (91 females, 91 males), ranging in age from 7 to 18 years, were interviewed individually using a revised version of Cooper's (1965) interview guide. The results showed that Swedish children's and adolescents' reasoning about war and peace was, on the whole, in accordance with previous studies. The discrepancies found were probably a result of different cultural experiences and the timing of study. The unique Swedish situation, being a country with long-standing peace, together with the ongoing war in former Yoguslavia, may have influenced some of the answers. Swedish children had more negative emotions about war and during their teens they viewed peace as a positive personal matter (e.g., a peace of mind) and not as an international political movement. The development of the concepts of war and peace showed a change with age from an egocentric to a sociocentric view, which corresponds to the intellectual and moral development outlined more generally by Piaget and Kohlberg. The results also showed distinct gender differences. Compared to boys, girls (a) put more emphasis on the morality of care, (b) were more concerned about the psychological and social consequences of war, (c) had more negative feelings about war, and (d) placed greater value on peace and avoidance of war.

Breast cancer screening with mammography has been shown to be effective for preventing breast cancer death. However, mammography screening can be harmful to women. One of the major problems is anxiety from a false positive result. Previous studies do not consider intangible benefits related to anxiety or peace of mind in mammography screening. In order to quantify anxiety, we employed the contingent valuation method (CVM) to measure the general public's willingness to pay (WTP) for mammography screening. About 397 women aged 50-59 participated in the computer-assisted questionnaire survey. For the WTP question format, the double-bound dichotomous choice approach was employed. Participants were randomly assigned into 2 groups. Group A (n = 200) was provided with information about the procedure, detection rate and mortality reduction of mammography screening. Group B (n = 197) was provided with additional information including possibility of false positives and the risks of close examinations. The mean WTP was significantly greater in Group A than in Group B ($16.82 vs. $12.89, P = 0.02). A Weibull regression analysis showed that, type of information, history of receiving mammography screening, family history of cancer, and the degree of concern about health were significant factors affecting WTP. Women must be well informed before making decisions about mammography screening. Although anxiety from information about false positives significantly decreased the women's benefit, the amount of WTP in the well-informed group was still considerable. The results suggest that women can balance the anxiety against the effectiveness.

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAdvertisementNEXTWE OFFER THE VINYL INDUSTRY ½ MILLION DOLLARS and peace of mind.Cite this: Chem. Eng. News 1970, 48, 52, 53Publication Date (Print):December 14, 1970Publication History Published online7 November 2010Published inissue 14 December 1970https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v048n052.p053Copyright © 1970 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views59Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (33 KB) SUBJECTS:Vinyl Get e-Alerts

There is a growing desire for a better life in Nigeria. Due to the significant economic inequalities and structural gaps among citizens, the elements of a better life vary and are expressed in different ways. This article focuses on Lagos State. The question, therefore, is what constitutes a good life for people living in Lagos? Research on how Lagos residents conceive of a better life is notably scarce. The good life approach and the capability approach are theoretical frameworks that reflect the human capacity to envision a better life. How Lagosians assign meaning to their life experiences and act upon them was examined. A blended conceptualisation approach (‘good life’ and capability approach) effectively helps to assess and ensure the desired good life. This study draws on unstructured in-person interviews and semi-structured virtual interviews with 30 participants, complemented by digital ethnography of social media discussions. Findings show that good health was the most valued component of a 'beta life', followed closely by education, peace of mind, and secure livelihoods. Economic insecurity, unfavourable governance, and external pressures emerged as the main obstacles to achieving these aspirations.

Stanley Heinze

Participation in bowel cancer screening: an exploration of the processes involved

This study examines the ethnolinguistic features of lexical units related to the names of headgear found in Uzbek proverbs. The study confirms the strong connection of these lexical units with the lifestyle, historical and cultural memory, and national thinking of the people. During the analysis, the metaphorical and symbolic meanings of proverbs are revealed semantically and functionally. In addition, the significance of the names of headgear in the socio-cultural context and their participation in oral tradition are determined. The origin of the views on headgear reflected in proverbs is studied on the basis of various historical sources, anthropological studies, and folklore materials. The results of the study provide new theoretical perspectives for Uzbek linguistics and ethnolinguistics.

Working with the same filmed material from the perspective of anthropology and screen studies, the authors discuss their disciplines’ different approaches to academic filmmaking. This article presents two videos, Filming Out Loud and Whose Stories, made from the same raw footage shot by the two authors together at the garage Cedric Motors, situated close to Manchester University, UK, where they were taking a summer course in ethnographic filmmaking at the Granada Centre for Visual Anthropology in June 2022. After spending seven days at the garage, filming the workdays of the owner Pat Rafter and his main employee (who wishes to remain unnamed), this raw material was then edited separately by each author. Producing points of methodological comparison between videographic criticism working with “an archive of moving images and sounds” (Keathley and Mittell 2019) and the culturally situated “encounters with alterity” enacted through ethnographic filmmaking (Cox et al. 2016), the authors engage with the methodological differences and commonalities between their two disciplines and filmmaking practices. By focusing on how the unpredictability of ethnographic fieldwork generated a rethinking of received conventions, interdisciplinary collaboration in visual research is here framed as an opportunity for a “transmutation of sensibilities” (Csordas 2007) bringing into question both videographic criticism’s imperative of critical thinking articulated audiovisually (generally on archival material) and visual anthropology’s observational legacy. Scraping at the weld between disciplinary received knowledge, the authors reflect on the positionality and ethics of their research and on the task of elaborating a filmic narrative while accounting for different social or cultural worlds

Parks are essential public places and play a central role in urban livability. However, traditional methods of investigating their attractiveness, such as questionnaires and in situ observations, are usually time- and resource-consuming, while providing less transferable and only site-specific results. This paper presents an improved methodology of using social media (Twitter) data to extract spatial and temporal patterns of park visits for urban planning purposes, along with the sentiment of the tweets, focusing on frequent Twitter users. We analyzed the spatiotemporal park visiting behavior of more than 4000 users for almost 1700 parks, examining 78,000 tweets in London, UK. The novelty of the research is in the combination of spatial and temporal aspects of Twitter data analysis, applying sentiment and emotion extraction for park visits throughout the whole city. This transferable methodology thereby overcomes many of the limitations of traditional research methods. This study concluded that people tweeted mostly in parks 3–4 km away from their center of activity and they were more positive than elsewhere while doing so. In our analysis, we identified four types of parks based on their visitors’ spatial behavioral characteristics, the sentiment of the tweets, and the temporal distribution of the users, serving as input for further urban planning-related investigations.

BUMDes (Village-Owned Enterprises) is a business entity whose entire capital is owned by the village through direct participation derived from separated village assets in order to manage assets, services, and other businesses for the maximum welfare of the village community. The management principles are cooperative, emancipative, participative, transparent, accountable and sustainable. Majalengka is a district in West Java which has the privilege of the International Airport which is expected to be used by the community to sell local-based products to create jobs and increase welfare. Majalengka District consists of 330 villages and all of them already have BUMDes with various performance; but nine of them are inactive. The performance of BUMDes businesses also varies, starting with those that are already operating as expected, generating profits and contributing to PADes (Original Village Income), operating but have not yet made a profit, only buildings but have not yet determined the line of business. This research is intended to produce an entrepreneurial leadership model that affects the performance of BUMDes businesses in Majalengka District. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, data collection was obtained through observation, in-depth interviews with village heads and BUMDes administrators, and documentation study utilizing secondary data. Determination of the sample based on snowball sampling. The development of BUMDes depends on the policies of the village head and the management entrepreneurial leadership to take advantage of the potential and available opportunities. The existing BUMDes sells variety of products that are needed and produced by the locals, providing staples for consumption, raw materials, fertilizers, and capital for business purposes. BUMDes Banjaran currently has the best performance, established in 2009 by having a grocery store business unit and a 3-kg-LPG (Liquid Petroleum Gas) agent. The shop, which was originally only a distributor, is now implementing a retail system without eliminating the distributor and membership/agent system for villagers and serves as an outlet that accommodates products of local entrepreneurs. BUMdes Banjaran also operates savings and loan business unit, by providing credit, not in the form of cash but in the form of goods needed for production. Other business units are services and rental of goods for community needs. Service and management use the concept of a grocery-store-priced , modern convenience store, and can be accessed by various social media. Its growth cannot be separated from the role of the leader to be diligent and always innovate by paying attention to external and internal factors. Length of business, experience, number of customers and suppliers are also factors that determine business performance. BUMDEs Banjaran can be used as a benchmark. Limited experience and selection of business fields are a challenge for BUMDes leaders to formulate the right strategy. A strategic management model can be developed by starting to determine the vision and mission in accordance with the agreement of the village government, analyzing external and internal factors. Entrepreneurial leadership includes dimensions of general entrepreneurial leader, explorer, miner, accelerator, and integrator behavior. This leadership behavior needs to be owned in order to make a positive contribution to business performance. Business performance includes business character, global vision. discipline, continuous learning, skills, internal management, supply chain, opportunities, strong business capital, good internal communication, information and adopted technologies, knowledge, customer satisfaction, relevant experiences, innovation, business ethics, and proper marketing strategy. BUMDes leaders need to have entrepreneurial leadership so that they always strive to achieve the best performance. The BUMDes communication forum of Majalengka District that has been established can be used as a means of learning, consultation, training, comparative studies, discussion, mediation, facilitation, innovation, and advocacy in the hope of synergy and contributing to economic development in rural areas. Communication among forum members is carried out both online and offline. The involvement of the millennial generation as BUMDes administrators allows the acceleration of the use of information technology for business. Information technology is not only used as a mean of communication, but is also used to obtain information about raw materials, production processes and services, products with better quality and favorable prices. The digitization process which includes peer-to-peer contact, knowledge transfer, training, and intervention can improve performance in the digital economy.

Biogenic product alternatives for children: Consumer preferences for a set of sand toys made of bio-based plastic

Evaluation and determinants of satisfaction with rural livability in China’s less-developed eastern areas: A case study of Xianju County in Zhejiang Province

An actual issue for Romania is the transition towards a knowledge society, including the fundamental component of information society. A powerful form of manifestation is given by the virtual social networks (or just social networks - SNs), Internet sites that give users the ability to create their own profiles and share information/socialize based on common preferences and by the social media, Internet sites where people interact by creating and exchanging information. In direct terms, the social networks and social media amplify and simplify the relationships between people, reduce distances, eliminate frontiers and contribute to globalization, with express fears that they are an important factor for the dissipation and degradation of national identity. Cultural and linguistic diversity are central to the development of knowledge societies, pointing out that local and traditional knowledge can be invaluable for education, art, health, etc.... The thesis of this work is the confirmation of the immanent and immutable character of the cultural identity in social media, regarded as one of the various manifestations of the Romanian people. The subject of study is the Romanian blogosphere, where blogs are classified on one hand in domains based on the topics they show, and on the other hand into categories related to the representation and visibility of culture and cultural identity. Blogs dedicated to social media learning are carefully evaluated. Web crawling is used to gather the data, whereas artificial intelligence and statistics are used for classification and cross-examination. The research shows interesting results, correlated with the empirical knowledge from sociological and anthropological studies.

US and international students engaged in study abroad programs are increasingly choosing countries on the continent of Africa as a destination. This article presents research findings on how cross-disciplinary study abroad experiences in Ghana impacted visitor awareness of issues in Ghana and, more broadly, the continent of Africa. The study explored the level and nature of change in the visitors' awareness of issues in Ghana and, in particular, the types of experiences that contributed to these changes. The activities that received the highest endorsement were those that involved informal discussion or hands-on contact with Ghanaians. Structured course activities received higher ratings in terms of student benefit than structured and unstructured assignments, such as individual work in a journal/sketchbook, specific projects, group work, open-ended study, and available readings. The respondents felt a strong connection with the art, design, craft, and music traditions, followed by connections with food and cooking, family and village life, and religious traditions of Ghana. Moderate connections were felt with gender roles, fashion and hairstyles, and urban life. The study illustrates a number of supporting arguments for study abroad programs highlighted in previous studies, such as the benefits of out-of-class experiences that promote true cultural immersion and learning. Additionally, it adds to the extensive knowledge base of study abroad in terms of its unique focus on students' understandings of local issues at the host site, and it situates broad generalizations about the advantages of study abroad programs in the specific context of Ghana and the African continent, as well as the impacts of immersion on visitor notions of race, class, poverty, gender, art, and traditional culture.