Cultural differences in deliberate counterfeit purchase behavior

Past researches have demonstrated the effectiveness of theory of reasoned action (TRA) model to predict consumers’ purchase intention. However, many researches scarcely use a psychosocial perspective to predict consumers’ purchase intention. Hence, this study extends existing research by incorporating personal moral norms to gain a better understanding of consumers’ purchase intention for ‘socially responsible’ products in the Malaysian marketplace. Results from 178 respondents indicated that attitudes towards behavior, subjective and personal norms influence consumers’ purchase intention. It is found that personal norms also partially mediate between subjective norm and purchase intention. From the findings, it is recommended that companies (and even the government) encourage socially responsible purchasing through holding more public activities, creating social expectations, better disclosures of corporate social responsibility and providing education regarding socially responsible purchasing. Personal engagement of customers should also be considered to encourage better customer relationship when their views are taken into product development and campaigns.

The study aims to construct a comprehensive model for investigating individual-level propensity to purchase life insurance (LI) in the Indian context. It integrates psychological variables (attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control), financial motivators (saving and risk aversion) and socio-demographic variables to assess the mediating influence of financial literacy. This study empirically tests and extends the theory of planned behaviour framework to analyse its impact on LI buying intention (BI), offering a novel approach in the Indian market. The results indicate that attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, saving motives and risk aversion motives significantly impact buying intention. Financial literacy does not have a significant influence. Demographic variables, such as education, age, family income and spousal education, play a crucial role in shaping buying intentions. This study contributes new theoretical insights, enriches consumer behaviour analysis within emerging economies and provides valuable managerial implications for the life insurance industry.

The Shariah-compliant (Sukuk) bond has been recently introduced in Muslim countries. Sukuk is getting popular among the Muslim population because of its non-interest feature. Thus, this study explores the impact of attitude toward the Sukuk bond, Muslim people’s religiosity, and their subjective norms on the purchase intention of the Sukuk bond in a Muslim developing country: Bangladesh. The study involved 412 individuals who were current customers of Islamic financial products at different financial institutions in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study used a convenience sampling technique. The study used a survey questionnaire to assess the three independent variables: attitude, religiosity, and subjective norms. The dependent variable was the purchase intention of the Sukuk bond. The statistical software package, SPSS version 29.0, was utilized to test the hypotheses considering a 95% confidence interval. The findings indicate that three independent variables significantly correlated with the dependent variable. The highest correlation was found between subjective norms (r = 0.644) and purchase intention. The regression results suggest that attitude, religiosity, and subjective norms statistically impact the individuals’ purchase intention of the Sukuk bond in Bangladesh. It also shows that consumers’ attitude (β = 0.386) has a greater impact on their purchase intention. Also, consumers’ subjective norms (β = 0.302) have the second highest influence on purchase intention. These variables explain a significant proportion of the variability observed in purchase intention. Also, the t-test shows that male individuals have higher purchase intentions than females.

This study aims to analyze the influence of Environmental Concern and Perceived Value on Purchase Intention, mediated by Subjective Norm, Attitude, and Perceived Behavioral Control. The study population consists of Generation Y individuals in Jakarta, with a total sample of 385 respondents determined using Cochran's formula. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling mixed with Snowball Sampling, and data were collected through an online questionnaire distributed via Google Form. The results show that Environmental Concern has a positive and significant effect on Subjective Norm, Attitude, Perceived Behavioral Control, and Purchase Intention. All three mediating variables partially mediate the relationship between Environmental Concern and Purchase Intention. In addition, Subjective Norm, Attitude, and Perceived Behavioral Control each have a positive and significant effect on Purchase Intention. Perceived Value also positively affects Attitude and Purchase Intention, with Attitude acting as a partial mediator. All forms of mediation identified in this study are classified as partial mediation. These findings indicate that Generation Y’s intention to purchase electric vehicles in Jakarta is influenced not only by environmental concern and perceived product value, but also significantly shaped by Subjective Norm, Attitude, and Perceived Behavioral Control in the Purchase Intention to electric vehicles.

Cesarean delivery on maternal request is one of the important public health issues in China. Our study aimed to apply the theory of planned behaviour to comprehensively determine the factors regarding pregnant women's preference for cesarean section and to provide references for establishing measures to reduce cesarean delivery on maternal request. This cross-sectional analysis was conducted in four women's and children's hospitals in China from May to June 2018. Eligible women arriving for routine antenatal visits at these hospitals were recruited to answer a structured questionnaire. A total of 1853 pregnant women consented to participate in the investigation, with a response rate of 88.75%. Finally, 1677 pregnant women (984 nulliparae and 693 multiparae) were involved in the analysis. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were used. Of the study participants, 20.39% preferred cesarean section. For both nulliparae and multiparae, those who had lower scores of attitudes towards vaginal delivery, lower scores of childbirth self-efficacy and higher scores of subjective norms were more likely to prefer cesarean section. Pregnant women's birth preferences were significantly associated with their attitudes towards the delivery mode, childbirth self-efficacy and subjective norms, which is consistent with the theory of planned behaviour. Interventions to reduce cesarean delivery on maternal request can be developed based on the theory of planned behaviour.

This study examined the variables that affect consumers’ intentions to purchase green products in Sarawak, Malaysia. The study proposed a conceptual framework that integrates key variables such as green product awareness, environmental attitudes, subjective norms, and price to investigate their impact on consumers’ purchase intentions. The theory of planned behavior (TPB) (Ajzen, 1991) serves as the foundation for the study. The questionnaire was developed and adapted from previous studies to meet the specific objectives of the current research. Purposive sampling was used to select respondents. Data was collected from 380 respondents who lived in urban locations across Sarawak. The data was analysed using IBM SPSS 29.0. Variables such as environmental attitudes and price have a significant influence on consumers’ purchase intention. The subjective norm has a moderate influence on consumers’ purchase intention. However, green product awareness has the least influence on consumers’ purchase intention in this study. These insights are essential for businesses and policymakers seeking to foster sustainable consumption in Sarawak, in accordance with the state’s overarching sustainability goals. The study enhances the theoretical understanding of green consumer behavior in developing regions and provides practical recommendations for promoting the adoption of green products, thereby fostering sustainable growth in Sarawak’s economy.

This study aims to examine the factors that influence consumer purchase intention towards life insurance. The study included religiosity, risk aversion motives, saving motives, and financial literacy with classical Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), therefore extending the model. A convenience sampling method was employed to collect data from 315 respondents working in different public and private institutions in Bangladesh. Collected data were analysed using the structural equation model (SEM). The results revealed that attitude, subjective norms, risk aversion motives, saving motives, and financial literacy have a significant positive impact on consumer purchase intention towards life insurance. Moreover, religiosity was found to have a negative impact on purchase intention. In addition, saving motives was found as a mediator in the relationship between risk aversion motives and purchase intention, as well as between financial literacy and purchase intention. Since attitude and subjective norms were found to have the most effect on purchase intention, the study implicated that marketers should emphasise company image, reputation, and the credibility of the agents, together with the significant others to whom we often turn to before making any financial decision. Finally, the study offered directions for further research after divulging several limitations.

The purpose of the study is to test brand awareness, halal labels, subjective norms on purchase intention and attitude able to mediate. The research design used exploratory descriptive research using primary data and skunder. The data source is taken directly from respondents in the form of respondents' answers on the questionnaires distributed. The population and sample of the study were 100 respondents of the Management Study Program. The results of the study explained that brand awareness, halal labels, subjective norms positively increase attitude and brand awareness, halal labels, subjective norms, have a positive and significant effect on purchase intention, and brand awareness variables, halal labels, subjective norms, have a positive and significant effect on purchase intention through attitude as an intervening variable.

The current paper reports for 80 undergraduates that risk aversion is greater among those with lower self-esteem scores on Rosenberg's Self-esteem Scale and those with higher scores on Budner's Intolerance of Ambiguity Scale.

This study examines the relationship between environmental knowledge, product awareness, attitudes, subjective norms on consumer purchase intentions for tote bags as environmentally friendly products in Surabaya. The type of research used is quantitative research through a consumer survey approach. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Data collection is done by survey method through google form filled in by respondents. The research sample used was 150 respondents who had bought and used tote bag products in the Surabaya area. In this study, the test used in statistical analysis is hypothesis testing with PLS-SEM (Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling) software and WarpPLS 7.0. Based on the management results, (1) Environmental knowledge has a significant effect on Purchase Intention; (2) Product Awareness has a significant effect on Purchase Intention; (3) Attitude has a significant effect on Purchase Intention; and (4) Subjective Norms have no significant effect on Purchase Intention.

This study aimed to measure the effect of attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control on purchase behavior of working students in a private higher education in Tangerang which are mediated by purchase intention and moderated by halal awareness. Data collection was done by simple random sampling to 410 population of working students. The returned and valid questionnaire results were 211 samples. Data processing was used SEM method with Smart PLS 3.0 software. The results of this study concluded that attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control have a significant effect on purchase intention. Meanwhile, purchase intention have a significant effect on working student purchase behavior, and halal awareness moderated effect of purchase intention on purchase behavior. Keywords:Halal awareness, purchase intention, subjective norms, halal food, theory of planned behavior.

This study aims to analyze the effect of Perceived Knowledge, Subjective Norm, Habit, Lifestyle, and on Behavior to Smoke with Purchase Intention as a mediating variable for Gen Z. Data was collected through a survey involving 250 respondents who are active users of Gen Z in Batam. The data analysis method used is SmartPLS analysis to test direct and indirect relationships between variables. The results showed that Perceived Knowledge, Subjective Norm, Habit, Lifestyle have a positive and significant influence on Smoke with Purchase. Meanwhile, Purchase Intention is proven to mediate the influence of Perceived Knowledge, Subjective Norm, Habit, Lifestyle on Smoke with Purchase has positive significant results. This study confirms the importance of the influence of Perceived Knowledge, Subjective Norm, Habit, Lifestyle on Smoke with Purchase with Purchase Intention as a mediating variable for Gen Z in Batam. The findings provide practical implications for Gen Z in Batam to further focus their efforts on strengthening Perceived Knowledge, Subjective Norm, Habit, Lifestyle.

One of the products that needs to have halal label is toiletries. Toiletries are ranked as fourth halal product that receives attention so that they have huge potential to optimize. This research is needed to support the sustainability of halal industry especially toiletries product. This research is aimed at investigating the impact of halal awareness, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavior control towards halal toiletries’ purchase intention. This study was conducted on 274 respondents through questionnaire as the research instrument. The research findings portrayed a significant impact of halal awareness, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavior control towards halal toiletries’ purchase intention. Attitude played the role as the partial mediation between halal awareness and halal toiletries’ purchase intention.

Background The increasing popularity of green cosmetic products among consumers who prioritize skin health, quality, and beauty has driven the production of these products. Growing awareness of harmful toxins in traditional cosmetics is leading consumers to prefer natural alternatives. This study aimed to identify the factors influencing Indian consumers' buying behaviour and purchase intentions toward green cosmetics, focusing on both male and female consumers. Methods To achieve this, a thorough evaluation of the literature from Scopus-indexed journals was conducted, employing the theory of planned behavior as the theoretical framework. The study used Smart PLS 3.0’s structural equation modeling to analyze data and performed a multi-group analysis to explore variations in purchasing intentions and actions between male and female consumers. Results The research indicated an increasing demand for green cosmetics among males in North India. Findings revealed that subjective norms significantly influenced both purchase behaviour and purchase intention. Additionally, perceived behavioural control and subjective norms positively impacted purchase intention, which in turn indirectly affected purchase behaviour. Interestingly, environmental concerns did not influence consumers' actual purchasing intentions or behaviour. The analysis also demonstrated no significant differences between male and female consumers regarding the impact of various factors on their purchase intentions and behaviours. Conclusion These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and marketing managers aiming to promote green cosmetic product purchase behaviour. Recognizing that subjective norms and perceived behavioural control are crucial drivers of purchase intention and behaviour can help in devising effective marketing strategies. Despite the absence of significant gender differences in the factors influencing purchase behaviour, the increasing interest in green cosmetics, especially among males, highlights a broader market potential for these products. This research underscores the importance of focusing on social and behavioural influences to encourage the adoption of green cosmetics

This study aims to analyze the factors influencing consumers’ purchase intention toward electric vehicles in Medan City. A quantitative approach was employed with a total sample of 123 respondents selected through purposive sampling. The independent variables consist of Attitude (X1), Subjective Norms (X2), Perceived Behavioral Control (X3), Price Value (X4), Perceived Risk (X5), Environmental Self-Image (X6), and Infrastructure Barrier (X7), while the dependent variable is Purchase Intention (Y). Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS software. The results indicate that Attitude (X1), Perceived Behavioral Control (X3), Environmental Self-Image (X6), and Infrastructure Barrier (X7) have a positive and significant effect on consumers’ purchase intention toward electric vehicles in Medan City. Meanwhile, Subjective Norms (X2), Price Value (X4), and Perceived Risk (X5) show no significant effect on purchase intention. Therefore, it can be concluded that consumers’ positive attitudes, perceived behavioral control, environmental self-image, and adequate infrastructure support are key factors that enhance consumers’ intention to purchase electric vehicles in Medan City.