D3.1 Survey of Current PID Services Landscape - Revised

BackgroundRising healthcare costs, limited resources, and fragmented systems challenge the sustainability of public health and social security. Persons with disabilities, especially those with acquired brain injury (ABI), face compounded risks due to service disconnection. In Switzerland, despite comprehensive social security schemes, fragmented service delivery, regional disparities, and rigid deadlines hamper effective coordination-especially within disability insurance, which seeks to support work capacity and prevent long-term disability.ObjectivesThis study aimed to (1) examine current service provision dynamics and interactions across sectors for persons with ABI, and (2) define key components of an optimal, lifelong service pathway supporting sustainable employment.MethodsUsing an Integrated Knowledge Translation approach, we partnered with knowledge users across healthcare, insurance, and policy to identify barriers and co-create solutions. We conducted a three-phase process-reviewing existing data, mapping the current ("As-Is") system, and envisioning an ideal pathway-drawing from prior research and new surveys with neurorehabilitation centers and disability insurance offices.ResultsThe current service landscape for ABI reveals critical gaps grouped into four domains: information, communication, coordination, and financing. Individuals and families often lack clarity about care steps and entitlements. Fragmented systems and minimal case management obstruct vocational reintegration. Financial insecurity, delayed support, and brief rehabilitation further undermine outcomes. Stakeholders underscored the need for lifelong case management and ABI-specific care guidelines.ConclusionsCoordinated service pathways enhance care by revealing structural barriers and guiding targeted action. Engaging diverse stakeholders in co-design strengthens policy relevance and implementation, helping bridge critical gaps in lifelong support for people with ABI.Key messages• Identifying key service gaps helps improve lifelong support for people with ABI and strengthens their chances of sustainable employment.• Co-designed pathways with stakeholders enhance coordination and drive practical policy change for ABI care in Switzerland.

The goal of the Future Midwest Landscape project is to quantify current and future landscape services across the Midwest region and examine changes expected to occur as a result of two alternative drivers of future change: the growing demand for biofuels; and hypothetical increases in incentives for the use of agricultural conservation practices to mitigate the adverse impact caused by the growing demand for biofuels. Nitrogen losses to surface waters are of great concern on both national and regional scales, and nitrogen losses from drained cropland in the Midwest have been identified as one of the major sources of N in streams. With the growing demand for biofuels and potentially increased corn production, measures are needed to allow the continued high agricultural productivity of naturally poorly drained soils in the Midwest while reducing N losses to surface waters. Therefore, the objective of this study is to examine the long-term effects of drainage system management on reducing N losses. To achieve the overall objective of this study, the USDA Annualized AGricultural Non-Point Source (AnnAGNPS) pollutant loading model was applied to the Ohio Upper Auglaize watershed located in the southern portion of the Maumee River Basin. In this study, AnnAGNPS model was calibrated using USGS monitored data; and then the effects of various subsurface drainage management practices on nitrogen loadings were assessed. Wider drain spacings and shallower depths to drain can be used to reduce nitrogen loadings. Nitrogen loading was reduced by 35% by changing drain spacing from 12 to 15 m (40 to 50 ft); and 15% nitrogen was reduced by changing the drain depth from 1.2 to 1.1 m (48 to 42 in.) and an additional 20% was reduced by changing the drain depth from 1.1 to 0.9 m (42 to 36 in.). In addition, nitrogen loadings could be significantly reduced by plugging subsurface drains from 1 November to 1 April of each year. About 64% nitrogen was reduced by completely controlling subsurface drainages for a drainage system with drain space of 12 m (40 ft) and drain depth of 1.2 m (48 in.).

BackgroundReablement is a time-limited intervention that aims to support people to regain independence and enable them to resume their daily activities after they return home from an in-patient care setting, or to maintain independence to enable them to remain at home. There is some evidence that reablement can enhance independence and has the potential to contain costs. However, reablement services are funded and provided in different ways and by different organisations, and there is limited research evidence about the effectiveness of different reablement service models. This study will evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of different reablement service models and service users’ and carers’ experiences of reablement in England, UK.Methods/DesignThe study will use a quasi-experimental mixed methods design that comprises three work packages (WP) extending over a period of 34 months. WP1 will conduct cluster analysis on survey data to develop a typology of current models of reablement services in order to describe the current reablement service landscape. WP2 will comprise a quantitative outcomes evaluation of the effectiveness of the different service models; a process evaluation and an economic evaluation. WP2 will be set within generic reablement services, where providers are using the most commonly employed generic reablement service types identified in WP1; the primary outcome measure is health-related quality of life measured by the EQ-5D-5L. WP3 will provide evidence about specialist reablement services and how specialist approaches and practices are organised and delivered.DiscussionManaging demands on care services is, and will remain, a crucial factor for the UK National Health Service as the number of people with long-term conditions rise. There has been, and will continue to be, significant investment in reablement services. The proposed study will address several key areas where there is limited evidence regarding the organisation and delivery of reablement services in England, UK. Specifically, it will provide new evidence on different models of reablement services that will be of direct benefit to health and social care managers, commissioners and their partner organisations.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12913-016-1600-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Ultrasound imaging is indispensable in modern healthcare for its non-invasive diagnostic capabilities. However, in Uganda, access to reliable ultrasound services remains challenging due to disparities in accessibility, infrastructure limitations, and financial barriers. This review examines the current landscape and challenges of ultrasound services in Uganda, drawing from recent literature to highlight key issues and propose pathways for improvement. Significant disparities in ultrasound accessibility across Uganda exacerbate healthcare inequalities, stemming from inadequate infrastructure and a scarcity of trained personnel in rural areas. Efforts to enhance accessibility and distribution necessitate expanding infrastructure, improving training programs, and implementing effective maintenance protocols. Collaboration with international organizations is crucial for sustainable improvements in service delivery. Quality assurance in ultrasound services is essential for accurate diagnostics. This review article synthesizes recent literature on ultrasound services in Uganda, focusing on accessibility, quality, and financial barriers, through a systematic review and analysis of relevant studies and reports. Financial accessibility remains a critical barrier, with out-of-pocket expenses hindering access, especially for low-income populations. Addressing these challenges requires healthcare financing reforms and targeted subsidies to reduce financial burdens on patients. Progress has been made, sustaining and improving ultrasound services in Uganda demands comprehensive strategies to enhance accessibility, maintain high standards, and ensure affordability, thereby advancing healthcare equity nationwide. Keywords: Ultrasound imaging, Healthcare inequalities, Infrastructure development, Quality assurance, financial accessibility.

While cancer deaths have decreased nationally, declines have been much slower in rural areas than in urban areas. Previous studies on rural cancer service capacity are limited to specific points along the cancer care continuum (eg screening, diagnosis or treatment) and require updating to capture the current rural health landscape since implementation of the 2010 Affordable Care Act in the USA. The association between current rural cancer service capacity across the cancer care continuum and cancer incidence and death is unclear. This cross-sectional study explored the association between breast cancer service capacity and incidence and mortality in Arizona's low populous counties. To measure county-level cancer capacity, clinical organizations operating within low populous areas of Arizona were surveyed to assess on-site breast cancer services provided (screening, diagnosis and treatment) and number of healthcare providers were pulled from Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services National Provider Identifier database. The number of clinical sites and healthcare providers were converted to county-level per capita rates. Rural-Urban Continuum codes were used to designate rural or urban county status. Age-adjusted county-level breast cancer incidence and death rates from 2010 to 2016 were obtained from the Arizona Department of Health Services, Arizona Cancer Registry. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the results. Multivariate regression was used to evaluate the association between cancer service capacity and incidence and mortality in 13 out of Arizona's 15 counties. Rural counties had more per capita clinical sites (20.4) than urban counties (8.9) (p=0.02). Urban counties had more per capita pathologists (1.0) than rural counties (0) (p≤0.01). In addition to zero pathologists, rural counties had zero medical oncologists. Rural county status was associated with a decrease in breast cancer incidence (β=-20.1, 95% confidence interval: -37.2-3.1). While Arizona's sparsely populated rural counties may have more physical infrastructure per capita, these services are dispersed over vast geographic areas. They lack specialists providing cancer services. Non-physician clinical providers may be more prevalent in rural areas and represent opportunities for improving access to cancer preventive services and care. Compared to urban counties, rural county status was associated with lower detected breast cancer incidence rates although there were no statistically significant differences in breast cancer mortality. Other factors may contribute to rural-urban differences in breast cancer incidence. Future research should explore these factors and the association between cancer capacity and local resources because the use of county-level data represents a challenge in Arizona, where counties average over 19 425 km2 (7500 square miles).

The expansion of the research community's ability to collect and store data has grown much more rapidly than its ability to catalog, make accessible, and make use of data. Recent initiatives in Open Science and Open Data have attempted to address the problems of making data discoverable, accessible and reusable at internet scales. The Enhanced Robust Persistent Identification of Data (E-RPID) project's goal is to address these deficiencies and enable options for data interoperability and reusability in the current research data landscape by utilizing Persistent Identifiers (PIDs) and a kernel of state information available with PID resolution. To do this requires integrating a set of preexisting software systems along with a small set of newly developed software solutions. The combination of these software components and the core principles of making data FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable) will allow us to use Persistent Identifiers to create an end-to-end fabric capable of realizing the Digital Object Architecture for researchers.This poster will acquaint the audience to the concepts of the Digital Object Architecture, describe the software service architecture necessary to enable this architecture, outline the existing E-RPID testbed that is available for experimental usage from the Jetstream cloud environment, and describe the diverse set of use cases already using E-RPID to enhance their data accessibility, interoperability and reusability. It will focus on how the Digital Object Architecture and E-RPID testbed would interact with XSEDE resources and how E-RPID could assist with interoperability, reusability and reproducibility of HPC workflows.

Family and Group Conferencing (FGC) is a relatively new strengths-based approach applied to adults needing social care and mental health support in the UK. Although the approach is well established in children's services in the UK, few services currently offer FGCs to adults; therefore, there is limited evidence regarding FGCs in the adult services context in the UK. This study aims to fill this gap by examining how FGCs work and what differences they can make in people's lives. This paper (Part 1) addresses the first of two related research questions, aiming to characterize the practice model(s) that pertain to the context of adults' FGCs as currently offered. We employed a mixed methods research design drawing on data from both, previous literature as well as current practice by undertaking a comprehensive literature review, national survey and stakeholder interviews with current services and a deliberative forum involving a range of stakeholders pertaining to adult FGCs. Although there is some variation in the practice model(s) offered by services, the overall approach is underpinned by a relatively consistent set of values and principles, although these are often implicit. The FGC offers a staged approach that enables people and their networks to take greater control over their support arrangements. It is seen as an appropriate service offer across all adults and mental health services with the potential to result in a range of positive outcomes (as will be discussed in Part 2). Central to achieving this is flexibility within the service offer to accommodate the social and cultural needs of the individual and their network, the independence of the FGC coordinator, the necessity of sufficient preparation for all participants, and rapport building in advance of the Conference.

MT33 Evidence Trends in Remote Patient Monitoring and Remote Therapeutic Monitoring

The Data and Information Services Center (DISC), formerly known as the Data and Program Library Services (DPLS) has provided learning, teaching and research support to students, staff and faculty in social sciences at the University of Wisconsin-Madison for 50 years. What changes have our organization, collections, and services experienced? How has DISC evolved with the advancement of technology? What role does DISC play in the current and future landscape of social science data services on our campus and beyond? This paper gives answers to these questions and recommends a few simple steps in adding social science data services in academic libraries.

The study investigates the awareness and use of persistent identifiers (PIDs) by academic librarians in Zimbabwe’s research data repositories. PIDs are essential in ensuring the discoverability, accessibility, and citability of research data. However, little is known about the level of awareness and use of these tools among academic librarians in Zimbabwe. A sequential mixed methods approach was employed, beginning with a questionnaire administered to scholarly communication librarians who were purposively selected. Quantitative data from the questionnaires provided an overview of the current landscape regarding PIDs in Zimbabwean higher education institutions. This informed the design of a focus group discussion which allowed for a deeper exploration of the themes identified in the survey, facilitating an understanding of the challenges of using PIDs within universities. The findings indicated that although the librarians were aware of PIDs, no institution has an institutional research data repository in the country. Challenges that were faced in integrating PIDs include lack of expertise, unclear policies, and infrastructure costs. The study will be significant in informing policy development, capacity-building initiatives, and creating guidelines for integrating PIDs into research workflows.

In the current industrial landscape, digitization is essential for the survival and growth of companies of all sizes. The adoption of new technologies and organizational structures is critical as companies navigate complex digital transformations. While Maturity Models (MMs) offer significant support in these endeavors, existing models often overlook the integration of Information Technology systems, leading to gaps in assessing digital maturity. This paper addresses these shortcomings by (1) proposing a Fuzzy Cognitive Maps based MM which adeptly captures the causal relationships among IT systems and enabling technologies, and (2) defining and testing a methodology for constructing such a model with inputs from both industry experts and academic researchers. The new MM provides a holistic assessment of smart manufacturing maturity and outlines clear, context-specific pathways for digital transformation. A key feature of the proposed model is its practical applicability, demonstrated through a detailed case study, which validates the MM by applying it to a real-world manufacturing setting, assessing current digital maturity levels, and simulating various improvement scenarios. The results illustrate significant enhancements in digital maturity, affirming the model’s practical value. This evidence supports the MM’s utility in guiding companies toward informed digital advancements, with potential adaptations for specific markets and needs.

In underwater scenes, the quality of the video and image acquired by the underwater imaging system suffers from severe degradation, influencing target detection and recognition. Thus, restoring real scenes from blurred videos and images is of great significance. Owing to the light absorption and scattering by suspended particles, the images acquired often have poor visibility, including color shift, low contrast, noise, and blurring issues. This paper aims to classify and compare some of the significant technologies in underwater image defogging, presenting a comprehensive picture of the current research landscape for researchers. First we analyze the reasons for degradation of underwater images and the underwater optical imaging model. Then we classify the underwater image defogging technologies into three categories, including image restoration approaches, image enhancement approaches, and deep learning approaches. Afterward, we present the objective evaluation metrics and analyze the state-of-the-art approaches. Finally, we summarize the shortcomings of the defogging approaches for underwater images and propose seven research directions.

Stream Processing (SP) has evolved as the leading paradigm to process and gain value from the high volume of streaming data produced, e.g., in the domain of the Internet of Things. An SP system is a middleware that deploys a network of operators between data sources, such as sensors, and the consuming applications. SP systems typically face intense and highly dynamic data streams. Parallelization and elasticity enable SP systems to process these streams with continuous high quality of service. The current research landscape provides a broad spectrum of methods for parallelization and elasticity in SP. Each method makes specific assumptions and focuses on particular aspects. However, the literature lacks a comprehensive overview and categorization of the state of the art in SP parallelization and elasticity, which is necessary to consolidate the state of the research and to plan future research directions on this basis. Therefore, in this survey, we study the literature and develop a classification of current methods for both parallelization and elasticity in SP systems.

Landscapes have been changing at an increasing pace over the past century, with countless consequences for humans and their surrounding environments. Information on past and future land use change and the resulting alteration of landscape service provisioning are valuable inputs for policy making and planning. Land use transitions in Switzerland (2009–2081) were simulated using statistical models informed by past land use changes as well as environmental and socio-economic data (1979–2009). By combining land use types with additional contextual landscape information, eight landscape services, based on both (semi-)natural and artificial landscapes, were quantified and investigated on how they would evolve under projected land use changes. Investigation of land use transitions showed region-dependent trends of urban expansion, loss of agricultural area, and forest regrowth. Landscapes cannot accommodate all services simultaneously, and this study sheds light on some competing landscape services, in particular (i) housing at the expense of agriculture and (ii) vanishing recreation opportunities around cities as city limits, and thus housing and job provisioning, expand. Model projections made it possible to pinpoint potential trade-offs between landscape services in a spatially explicit manner, thereby providing information on service provision losses and supporting planning. While future changes are presented as extrapolations of the patterns quantified in the past, policy changes might cause deviation from the projections presented here. A major challenge is to produce socio-economic and policy scenarios to inform projections that will differ from current landscape management. Given that urban sprawl is affecting many land surfaces globally, the approach used here could be generalized to other countries in similar situations.

We have entered an era in time-domain astronomy in which the detected rate of explosive transients and important ephemeral states in persistent objects threatens to overwhelm the world's supply of traditional follow-up telescopes. As new, comprehensive time-domain surveys become operational and wide-field multi-messenger observatories come on-line, that problem will become more acute. The goal of this workshop was to foster discussion about how autonomous robotic telescopes and small-aperture conventional telescopes can be employed in the most effective ways to help deal with the coming deluge of scientifically interesting follow-up opportunities. Discussion topics included the role of event brokers, automated event triage, the establishment of cooperative global telescope networks, and real-time coordination of observations at geographically diverse sites. It therefore included brief overviews of the current diverse landscape of telescopes and their interactions, and also considered planned and potential new facilities and operating models.