Debriefing Academically Trained Writers

Objective To evaluate the educational effectiveness of feedback debriefing in clinical training. Methods Forty medical students and fifteen teachers were enrolled in the 2015 after-internship clinical training, which was newly designed to obtain the debriefing part. The test scores and single technical practices were collected and analyzed, before and after the training. DASH scoring system was used to evaluate the effect of debriefing in the team simulation. Results were statistically analyzed by SAS 9.2(SAS institute Inc). Quantitative data were described by ±s, while qualitative data were described by number and /or constituent ratio. Student's t test and Wilcoxon rank sum test were applied as needed. A P-value < 0.05 was considered to be significant. Results The scores of the students before and after the assessment were(41.88±8.54) vs. (65.06±13.83), and the difference was statistically significant(P=0.000). Individual skills before and after the course had a different degree of improvement. The average DASH-scores evaluated by the students, teachers and supervisors were (39.3±2.12) (very good), (35.1±4.18) (good) and (37.2±3.03) (very good), separately. Conclusions Potent debriefing helps to improve the effectiveness of simulation-based clinical training. Key words: Debriefing; Feedback; Clinical training; Simulation-based medical education

Objective To explore and analyze the effect of simulation-based learning combined with debriefing in neonatal resuscitation training. Methods A total of 114 clinical medical staffs attended the neonatal resuscitation training course hold by Department of Neonatology, Quzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital from November 2014 to May 2015, and were randomly assigned to observation (n=60) and control group (n=84) by coin tossing. Staffs in the observation group adopted to training skills with simulation-based learning combined with debriefing,while those in the control group were educated with traditional method. The examinations on theoretical knowledge were taken before and after the training. Operational exam and self-confident questionnaire for all staffs on each procedure taught in the course were taken at last. Scores of the exams and self-confident questionnaire were compared between the two groups with t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results The mean score of theoretical test rose up significantly after the training in both observation and control group (25.19±2.62 vs 20.17±3.71, t=7.725, P<0.01; 25.44±2.64 vs 18.90±4.27, t=11.170, P<0.01), but no difference was found in this score after the training between the two groups (t=0.492, P=0.624). The practical operation examination score in the observation group was higher than that in the control (34.05±1.34 vs 31.32±4.10, t=4.183, P<0.01). All questionnaires sent to the staffs were retrieved (100%), and the total values after the training in the observation group were higher than in the control (mean rank: 92.81 vs 57.99; rank sum: 5 569 vs 4 872, Z=-4.96, P<0.01). Conclusions Simulation-based learning combined with debriefing is a much more effective teaching methods for neonatal resuscitation training, which might quickly improve the resuscitation skills of clinical staffs. Key words: Asphyxia neonatorum; Resuscitation; Education, professional, retraining; Programmed instruction as topic

Simulation is a vehicle to develop Interprofessional (IP) Education Collaboration. In a situation where hands-on simulation is not possible, especially with online and distance programs, learning may happen through observation, active participation in debriefing, and self-reflection. With the need to develop IP activities for the Laboratory Sciences distance track, an IP simulation was designed to immerse students in IP Education concepts by providing counseling regarding syphilis test results to a pregnant patient. Pre-readings were provided and IP student teams were assigned. Teams prepared before experiencing a standardized participant encounter. Following the encounter, teams participated in debriefing where they reflected on the team performance. Students completed pre- and post-activity evaluations of self-assessments of the learner9s perceptions of IPE and the simulation, using a Likert scale. Students from pharmacy, genetic counseling, medical laboratory sciences, cytotechnology, physician assistant, and public health participated. Results from both face-to-face and online evaluations were compared. There was statistical significance between the pre- and post- assessment scores in simulation experiences (p

After action debriefing - effects on self-confidence and motivation

Debriefing is a major component of the job in many high-risk industries where errors can have considerable, often deadly consequences, including combat, surgery, and aviation. Although there exists considerable literature on debriefing, recent reviews of the literature suggest (a) shortcomings in the topics researched, (b) paucity of related theory, (c) limitations in the number of empirical studies, and (d) problems in research design. There are also recent suggestions that "there are surprisingly studies in the scholarly literature that show how to debrief, how to teach or learn to debrief, what methods of debriefing exists and how effective they are at achieving learning objectives and goals" Meta-analyses reveal substantial variations in research findings—e.g., on the use of video as a means of debriefing—that can be traced to the problems. This book redresses these problems in that it provides a detailed look at debriefing and assessment, the functions of different cognitive artifacts used, and a theoretical framework that accounts for the complexity of flying an aircraft and for the debriefing of the pilots' experiences, especially under the high-stakes condition of their bi-annual evaluation for licensing purposes. The book provides detailed investigation of flight examiners' methods to arrive at assessments of aviation pilot performance. It shows and theoretically models why there are good reasons for lower than desired inter-rater agreements. It offers detailed scenarios of how debriefing can be made to draw maximum benefit for pilot learning, that is, for the take-home messages that will make them better pilots. The theoretical framework includes objective factors that determine performance and the subjective experience pilots have while undergoing training and testing in flight simulators

Answers and debriefings

'He had always understood what was going to happen there, and in that small and quiet novel, told us nearly everything.' Thus Gloria Emerson, in her account of a recent interview with Graham Greene,1 reiterates a view of The Quiet American which has generally prevailed since the novel's American publication in 1956. With the passage of time, and the fading in the United States of initial criticism of The Quiet American as anti-American2 — and with the passage of the American war in Vietnam through phases prophetically implied in Greene's portrayal of Alden Pyle — the novel has become an established point of reference for those interested in problems of literary response to the war. As a set of defining images, if not of elaborated arguments, it has entered the 'record' of an unquiet American era, not necessarily terminated by American withdrawal in 1975. Along with Greene's dispatches from the period 1952–5, or rather as the moral and aesthetic distillation of these reports from Indochina, The Quiet American is as likely to be cited as 'evidence' by historians and reporters as to be lauded as exemplary by literary critics.

The Debrief or Presentation

This study sought to identify the nature of metacognition in writing in Hebrew as a second language. Participants included five students studying for the Victorian Certificate in Education (VCE) examination. They were in their final year of secondary schooling at an independent school in Melbourne. This is a practitioner inquiry study, in which I have been acting both as the main researcher and as the participating teacher of the class under investigation. <br> During 2014 data was collected, including: video recordings of lessons, two cycles of semi-structured interviews with students, a teacher’s journal, an hour-long group debrief and selected samples from students’ writing. The analysis focused on students’ reflections on their thinking, with specific relevance to their thoughts and beliefs about learning to write in Hebrew. The focus on students’ perceptions and beliefs called for qualitative methodology and analysis and interpretation using a naturalistic approach. <br> Several important and new findings emerged from the analysis: (a) subtle yet distinct boundaries were revealed between metacognition, self-regulated learning and metalearning; (b) second language writing pedagogies associated with metacognition were found to include features of conceptual change, characterised by a recognition in and an engagement with students’ beliefs about writing, themselves as writers, the VCE study, their skill level and their beliefs about self-efficacy; (c) students engaged in internal-dialogues about the ease in which they regulated the language of their thoughts, pointing to a heightened metacognitive awareness and evaluation of their language switching abilities; (d) a strong correlation was found between learners’ metacognitive awareness and their coping abilities, pointing to the importance of students’ perception of their learning experience; (e) a connection was found between metacognition and improvements in students’ writing abilities as well as improvements in their learning behaviours. <br> The study shows that issues of student-identity, motivation and self-agency are critical factors in metacognition and in learning and teaching second language Hebrew writing. This research potentially provides a basis for developing pedagogies that currently are not widely used, taking into greater account the influence of individual factors and promoting steps for a more positive learning experience. <br> The research also sheds important light on the high-risk environment of studying second languages at the VCE level within a small-cohort. The requirement that native speakers, background language learners and non-native speakers sit the same examination and assessed against the same criteria, was revealed to be a more powerful negative stress factor than had previously been realised. Results from this research may provide key information to relevant language communities currently experiencing this diversity in a languages VCE classroom, to explore and potentially instigate policy review. <br> Lastly, the re-positioning of metacognition as a more independent concept, and particularly its separation from self-regulated learning, sets up the foundation for future investigations of metacognition. The value and importance of the model offered in this thesis, is in its immediate application to second language education contexts; however, the potential for generic application to different studies and different leaning domains is a possibility that should be further explored.

This study aims to describe the influence of the Snowball Throwing learning model toward the learning interest of student of State Senior High School of 1 Tumpang in the subject of geography. This research is a quasy experiment with pretest-posttest only control group design in the form of student interest in the subject of geography and snowball throwing learning model. The sample of this research was taken from class of XI IIS 1 as the controlled class of 26 students and the class of XI IIS 2 as the experimental class of the 27 students. The instrument of this research a questionnaire of geographic learning interest that is consisting of a questionnaire of pre test and post test. Based on result of the research that was any different interest between the experiment class which using a snowball throwing learning model and control class which using lecture and debriefing with sig (2-tailed) 0,000 3,08, it indicates there is effect of snowball throwing learning model to the geographical learning interest of student XI IIS at State Senior High School of 1 Tumpang. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um017v21i22016p029

Midwife-led debriefing after operative birth

The suicide of a family member or signifi cant other is one of the most stressful life events with which a person may have to cope. For survivors who must cope with this type of loss, the death may be a critical incident that affects their functional ability, making suicide a signifi cant public health problem. After working for a number of years with suicide survivors and observing the length of time it takes many survivors to come to terms with a death by suicide, we saw a pressing need to determine effective ways to help meet the needs of survivors early on in their bereavement process. As a result, we implemented a Bereavement Crisis Debriefi ng Intervention for Survivors after a Suicide within 1 month of the death of a signifi cant other.

Marriage is a sunnatullah that applies to all creatures of God, both humans, animals, and plants. Islam views that quality marriage will be measured from the process of pre, right, and post marriage. How someone starts the process of looking for a prospective wife or husband until the marriage contract and post-marriage will have offspring, all of which are clad in a clear Shari'a. So that the hope when having children, is that children who are pious and pious, can provide benefits to the people. Based on this matter, the Ministry of Religion took the initiative to implement the Candidate Candidate Course program in accordance with the government regulations that had been made.This research is a type of field research. The nature of this research is qualitative descriptive. In this study data collection methods used were observation, interview and documentation. In analyzing data, researchers used an inductive approach.The results of the study explained that what is meant by pre-marriage debriefing is the process of transforming behavior and attitudes in groups or the smallest social unit in society towards prospective brides. Quality marriage is a condition where marriage can produce happiness, conformity and stability of marriage. While the level of quality of marriage itself is influenced by factors such as optimal family composition, family life cycle, socio-economic feasibility and suitability of roles, social and personal resource factors of husband and wife even by premarital conditions. That the sakinah family is a family that all family members feel love, security, peace, protection, happiness, blessing, respect, respect, trust and blessed by Allah SWT.

Background: Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) is the health policy of the Indonesian government to achieve Universal Health Coverage (UHC), where each City or District has a varied regional policy in implementing it. Surakarta City is one of the regions that has been able to reach UHC. Policy analysis triangle is used to understand the various factors involved in each policy process. Objective: This study aims to explore deeply the implementation of JKN policy in Surakarta City to be able to achieve UHC based on a policy analysis triangle. Methods: This type of research is a qualitative study with a case study approach. The study was conducted in Surakarta City, Central Java, from September 2018 to March 2019. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews and document analysis. Sampling technique with criterion sampling. The research informants were five people who were the leaders of the Surakarta City Government, and 10 people from the Surakarta City community. Data validity was done by triangulation, member check, and peer debriefing. Results: The implementation of JKN policy in the city of Surakarta to reach UHC was influenced by: actors who were highly committed and competent in the success of the JKN program, a dynamic process in adjusting central policy to the regions by implementing various strategies and innovations to increase JKN membership coverage; political factors with policy making that support the achievement of UHC, environmental factors where population density in Surakarta City is the most densely populated in Central Java, there is a high awareness and willingness of the people of Surakarta City to have JKN, and technological support that facilitates JKN coordination and implementation. Conclusion: Achieving UHC in Surakarta City is the result of optimizing the four factors in the triangle analysis policy.

Another debriefing course! Who benefits?