Describing and Illustrating Data Analysis in Mixed Research

The main aim of this article is to discuss the factors a researcher should take into account when selecting the appropriate research design or method (i.e. qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods). The article also discusses sample size determination and sampling procedures in qualitative and quantitative research. Further, the paper has provided an examination of qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis methods. The study used online desk research to collect data from online public access scholarly databases such as Google Scholar, ResearchGate, Academia, and many more freely accessible electronic books in research methods. Search terms that were used included, among many, the following: qualitative research, quantitative research, mixed-methods, qualitative and quantitative data collection, qualitative and quantitative data analysis; descriptive and inferential statistics. A wealth of relevant and timely scholarly literature was downloaded, read, and used to write this paper, and draw the conclusion provided. Keywords: Qualitative Research; Quantitative Research; Mixed-Methods Research; Qualitative Data Collection Techniques; Quantitative Data Collection Techniques; Qualitative Data Analysis Techniques; Quantitative Analysis Techniques; Descriptive Statistics; Inferential Statistics. DOI: 10.7176/JMCR/87-06 Publication date: November 30 th 2022

Farmer regeneration is a way to replace old farmers who are no longer productive with young farmers who are more productive. The disinterest of village youth in becoming farmers has resulted in a lack of interest in village youth in supporting farmer regeneration. This research aims to analyze the farmer regeneration process and analyze the influence of the variables of knowledge, perception, attitudes and interests of village youth simultaneously and partially in supporting farmer regeneration in Sukamulya Village. The research method used in this research is a mix method approach, namely a method that combines quantitative and qualitative methods. The sampling method used was a probability sampling method with a simple random sampling technique with a total of 44 village youth whose parents were farmers. This research uses primary data and secondary data. The data analysis techniques used are quantitative data analysis and qualitative data analysis. Quantitative data analysis uses multiple linear regression analysis. Meanwhile, qualitative data analysis uses data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research are that the farmer regeneration process in Sukamulya Village has not been running optimally, this is due to the negative perception of youth towards farmers. Farmers' children are disinterested because their parents do not own agricultural land. Apart from that, Field Agricultural Instructors (PPL) play less of a role in growing young people's interest in entering the agricultural sector in order to create farmer regeneration. The results of the partial significance test show that the variable of interest (X4) has a significant effect on the farmer regeneration variable (Y) with a value of Sig. equal to 0.000 < 0.05, while the variables knowledge (X1), perception (X2), attitude (X3) do not have a significant effect on the farmer regeneration variable (Y) because the Sig. > 0.05.

Despite the growing importance of sustainability and increasing industry and government concern about properly managing for sustainability, the use of mixed methods research to inform sustainability management issues in business is limited. For the Australian rail industry environmental regulation is a regulatory hotspot. The industry initiated a project to investigate the case for rail environmental regulatory reform. Research was undertaken in an integrated three-phase mixed research design, involving pilot case studies, review of academic literature and industry records and in-depth interviewing. Key findings from each phase are reported. This study is evaluated post-hoc in terms of recently published guidelines for conducting and reporting mixed research. The quantitative and qualitative findings from all three research phases suggest that the time is ripe for a more co-regulatory approach to rail environmental regulation. The paper is of interest to mixed researchers, as well as managers and regulators striving for more sustainable regulatory approaches.

This article aims to describe research in the context of socio-scientific issues from 2016 to 2022. The method used is descriptive content analysis method to analyze 30 journal articles of national and international repute. The variables to be analyzed include the method, purpose, year of publication, region, sample, data collection tools, and data analysis techniques. The result showed that most research aims to improve student learning outcomes, interest and motivation to learn. Most of the research methods applied are qualitative and quantitative methods using the experimental class and control class and a small portion using the R&D/Development method. The instruments used were questionnaires, observation sheets and interviews. The data analysis technique used is quantitative analysis technique using statistics (Ancova, Manova, t-test) and qualitative data analysis. Most of the samples consist of students and a small part consists of teachers. This research is spread across Europe, the United States and Asia, with the most publication year being 2021. The issues raised are health and environmental issues related to organic chemistry and environmental chemistry. The most published articles are from the Journal of Chemical Education (JCE) and Journal Science Education (JSE), with the publication years 2021 and 2019.

Household food security is faced with two important problems, namely how to expand income sources and how to properly distribute their income for life necessities. The purpose of this study was to analyze the comparison of the distribution patterns of household income and expenditure of wetland farmers with dry land and to analyze the determinants that affect the household food security of wetland and dryland farmers in Lombok Island. The research design used a cross-sectional study with a survey method. The collected data will be analyzed using qualitative and quantitative data analysis methods. In general, the qualitative data analysis used is policy analysis (program evaluation), institutional analysis, potential analysis, and priority determination of community-level problems. Qualitative data analysis was carried out through the process of filtering data, categorizing, concluding, and retesting. Quantitative data analysis used a logistic regression model. The results of the study concluded that: The sources of income of farmers in wetlands are more varied than those of dryland farmers. Meanwhile, wetland farmers household expenditures are relatively the same as wetland farmers. The food security of wetland farmer households (90%) is better than farmer households in dryland (83.3%). Meanwhile, wetland farmer household food insecurity is lower than wetland farmer households. The distribution pattern of wetland farmer household income comes from rice, and maize cultivation, while in dryland areas, it is sourced from rice, corn, and soybean farming. Distribution patterns Household expenditure of wetland and dryland farmers is divided into expenditures for food and non-food. The factors that determine household food security in dry and wetland areas are farmer household income.

Research purpose to:(1) describe the form of teaching material to write exposition text based on the potential of Wajo area; and (2) testing the feasibility of teaching materials for writing exposition text based on the potential of the Wajo region. This type of research is research and development or Research and Development (RD). The research design used is Recursive, Reflective Design, and Development Model (R2D2). The data in this study are qualitative and quantitative data from expert and practitioner assessments. Qualitative data sourced from comments, criticisms, and suggestions from expert and practitioner assessments of teaching material. Quantitative data sourced from expert and practitioner assessment scores on the components of teaching materials. The data analysis technique of this research is qualitative data analysis and quantitative data analysis. Qualitative data analysis is to group data and conclude data in the form of comments, criticisms, and suggestions from experts and practitioners for the improvement of teaching material. Quantitative data analysis is looking for the average of each indicator of expert and practitioner ratings for product viability. This research and development resulted in the teaching of Wajo Regional Potential Themed Text Exposition Texts for Class VIII Students of SMP / MTs that have been assessed by experts and practitioners. The results showed that the content eligibility component obtained an average of 0.93 (very feasible), a presentation component of 0.91 (very feasible), a linguistic component of 0.92 (very feasible), a graphic component of 0.94 (very feasible), and component implications for developing writing skills competence 0.94 (very feasible). The results of expert and practitioner assessments of teaching materials indicate that the assessment is in a very feasible category. Thus, teaching materials are recommended to be used as teaching materials in junior high schools.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the design process innovations that enabled the successful delivery of a hybrid, mass-timber high-rise building in Canada, the Brock Commons Tallwood House at the University of British Columbia. It is one of a set of papers examining the project, including companion papers that describe innovations used during the mass timber construction process and the impact of these innovations on construction performance. Design/methodology/approach A mixed-method, longitudinal case study approach was used in this research project to investigate and document the Tallwood House project over a three-year period. Both quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis techniques were used. Graduate student researchers were embedded within the project team to observe meetings and decision-making and to conduct periodic interviews. Findings The research highlights a case of a balanced triple-helix system that provided a context for the successful “clustering” of product and process innovation, which were developed and implemented to flow throughout the project’s lifecycle and across its supply chain to provide benefits at each stage. Four significant process-based innovations were implemented at the design phase of the building project to support radical product innovation: an integrated design process, virtual design and construction, designing for manufacturing and assembling and a rigorous quality control and quality assurance process. The product innovations developed through these process innovations were the structural system and the prefabricated envelope system. The context of innovation was seen to allow this “clustering,” which is believed to be a key condition of success and enabled the efficient and successful delivery of the project. Generally, the approach was successful; however, some factors including the number of stakeholders and good-faith collaboration may limit the replicability of these strategies. Originality/value This paper presents an in-depth investigation into the instantiation of an innovation system, identified as a balanced triple-helix system, which enabled and facilitated the design and decision-making process for a radical product innovation. Moreover, this paper describes the deployment of a “cluster” of process innovations that flowed throughout the project’s lifecycle and across the project supply chain. This was seen as a key factor in ensuring the successful delivery of the project.

Worldwide, wetlands cover about 9% of the land surface and are recognized as bio-networks that offer living prospects when managed properly. Despite the present resource management regime, many wetlands in Uganda are being degraded due to mining, construction, agricultural and industrial activity, and little attention has been paid to the effectiveness of wetland conservation. The goal of this research was to evaluate Nyamuriro wetland conservation and management practices in Muko Sub-County, Rubanda District, in south-western Uganda. The study was guided by specific objectives, which included investigating the management approaches used in Nyamuriro wetland conservation, identifying the management challenges preventing Nyamuriro wetland conservation, and evaluating sustainable solutions to the challenges preventing Nyamuriro wetland conservation. The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional research design that included qualitative and quantitative data gathering and analysis techniques. A total of 109 people participated in the study using simple random and purposive sampling approaches. In this study, data was collected using questionnaires, key informant interviews, and observational approaches. Most respondents strongly agree that wetland restoration is the best management approach for Nyamuriro wetland conservation (Mean = 4.87, SD = 0.547). Corruption was the most significant hindrance to the conservation of Nyamuriro wetland among the management problems (Mean = 3.41, SD = 0.467). Overall, the data showed that there was a significant positive association between conservation management techniques but not between viable Nyamuriro wetland conservation measures. The study recommended that strict laws and procedures should be put in place to ease restrictions on wetland conservation.

This study aims to determine the application of cooperative learning models of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) type on learning to improve student learning outcomes. The subject of this research was the tenth grade students of SMAN 1 Batang Onang. This type of research is Classroom Action Research. The research design used was the Kemmis and Mc model. Taggart which includes the stages of planning, action and observation, and reflection. The data collection instruments used were observation sheets, student activity scale, and LKS. The data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative and quantitative data analysis. Based on the results of data analysis in the first cycle of meeting I showed an increase in student mathematics learning outcomes. Research Results, namely an increase in student learning outcomes The average grade value when the pre test is only 38.67. The class average value increased by 63 in cycle I. The average grade value in the first cycle still did not meet the KKM set by the school. In the second cycle the average value of the class experienced an increase of 85.33. Classical learning completeness in the first cycle was only 53%. In cycle II classical learning completeness becomes 96%. This shows an increase in students' classical learning completeness by 43%.

In smart grid, more data will be collected at finer granularity. It will promote the development of power system control and innovation technology. With the advantages of cloud computing technology are becoming increasingly prominent, it is gradually entering into power industry research. This paper focuses on cloud-based data processing and analysis techniques of user side in smart grid. To prove that the integration of cloud computing, smart grid, data analysis technique is practical, we introduced the cloud platform architecture designed for data processing and its key technologies first. Then, main sections of cloud-based data processing, including data collection, storage, analysis and visualization are discussed. Especially, based on smart grid scenes, data analysis methods in data analysis section are described in detail.

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study was to develop STEAM-based learning videos using the CapCut application on Colloid material at the high school level. Methodology: This study is a development research using the Lee & Owens development model. The research instruments used were interview guidelines and questionnaires. The development products were validated by media experts and material experts, practitioner assessments were carried out by teachers and then tested in small groups. The data analysis techniques used were qualitative data analysis (comments and suggestions) and quantitative data analysis (average score of answers and percentage of questionnaires). Main Findings: The results of this study were obtained from material experts and media experts with an average score of 4.58 and 4.75 in the Very Eligible category. Furthermore, a practitioner’s assessment by chemistry teachers was obtained with an average score of 4.8 (very feasible), and received a very good response from students with a percentage of 93.5%. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study introduces a novel approach by integrating STEAM principles into the development of learning videos on colloid materials, leveraging the CapCut application to enhance creativity and interactivity in high school education. Unlike traditional teaching methods, this research combines technology-driven video editing with STEAM-based learning to foster critical thinking, collaboration, and practical application of scientific concepts in an engaging multimedia format.

The purpose of this study was to find out (1) developing a thematic Worksheet (LKPD) for PPKn content for grade IV elementary school, (2) knowing the feasibility of learning products made. This research includes development research. The data collection techniques used were observation and documentation. The data analysis techniques used was qualitative data analysis and quantitative data analysis. The results showed that LKPD products were suitable for use. LKPD teaching materials obtain a feasibility percentage from material experts 83.5% with very feasible criteria, the results of the feasibility percentage from thematic experts 91.3% with very feasible criteria, the results of the feasibility percentage of class teachers 86% with criteria very feasible, and the results of feasibility percentage from the principal 84.5% with very decent criteria. The response of students from small-scale trials obtained a percentage of 90.13% with very feasible criteria, while a large scale obtained an average score of 80.5 with very good criteria. The conclusion is that the Student Worksheet (LKPD) in Thematic Contents of Pancasila and Civic Education in Class IV of Sokowaten Baru Elementary School in Yogyakarta Academic Year 2018/2019 is very feasible to use as teaching material and learning.

Science process skills are one of the skills that can develop potential in students. Science process skills refer to cognitive and psychomotor aspects, so as to create a meaningful learning based on student experience. Digital literacy abilities and students' science process skills are rarely considered in the learning process, so an analysis is needed to determine students' digital literacy skills and science process skills. This study aims to analyze the relationship between digital literacy skills and science process skills in simple plane materials. The research method used is a mixed method with an explanatory design. The research subjects used were 24 students. The research instruments were digital literacy questionnaires, science process skills observation sheets, and interview sheets. Data analysis techniques used quantitative data analysis and qualitative data analysis. The results of the Pearson correlation test showed that there was a significant relationship between digital literacy skills and students' science process skills in simple plane material. The researcher hopes that further research can determine the relationship based on gender.

Background: Science Process Skills (SPS) is a skill that facilitates students to find realities, decide on ideas and apply theory to daily existence. Textbooks in North Sumatra are assorted, and the availability of SPS aspects is not widely known. This study aims to determine the availability of SPS aspects in the most widely used high school textbooks in senior high school in one of city in North Sumatera. Methods: This study used content analysis research. The samples were purposive sampling using the most widely used books in state high schools in Binjai City. The data analysis technique in this study includes quantitative and qualitative. Qualitative data analysis was carried out by identifying the emergence of SPS aspects in the analyzed textbooks. Meanwhile, quantitative data analysis is carried out by calculating the frequency and Percentage of occurrences of SPS aspects in biology textbooks. Results: The results showed that the high school biology textbook class 10 was appropriate in providing aspects of science process skills in Ecosystem material. Book A provides 80% of all aspects of science process skills and book B provides 60% of all aspects of observed science process skills. Conclusions: of this study can be used as a reference for teachers in choosing textbooks that will be used as learning resources in facilitating SPS. Furthermore, continuous efforts are needed from the government,

Education never get out of adequate facilities and infrastructure. These can support education. One of them is the using of teaching material. The limiting of it makes students have one handbook only and learn by using it, so they don’t practice enough on working other math problems. With these problems, researcher is encouraged to develop mathematical module cube and block with a scientific approach for 5th grade elementary school. Type of this research is research and development (R&D) with aim to know that development of mathematical cubes and block module with scientific approach for 5th grade is feasible or not. Data collection techniques used interview, observation, documentation, and questionnaire. Data analysis techniques used qualitative data analysis and quantitative data analysis. The results of the development of mathematical cubes and blocks modules with the scientific approach are said to be very feasible with a percentage of 84 from material expert, 81,34 from module expert, 83 from 5th grade teacher and 95,10 from 5th grade students.