Design and Implement of Data Acquisition System Based on Reconfigurable Computing

The paper details the design of a data acquisition system for evaluating blade and shaft designs of a propulsion system for a human powered submarine. The objectives of the design were to sample and store data representing several analog signals and the time of measurement, and to display velocity and shaft rpm for the submarine operator in real-time. The sampled parameters are then used to calculate the submarine's performance in terms of velocity, thrust shaft torque and rpm. Several parameters are displayed in real-time to aid the submarine operator with training. System design restrictions including size, power requirements, heat dissipation, data integrity, and others had to be considered. Since the data acquisition system is a completely portable system, if is possible to incorporate the system into other applications. >

Structural health monitoring for bridge is becoming a more widely accepted way to improve bridge management. To implementation the above objective, this paper presents a GPRS-based bridge remote data acquisition and monitoring system. It is a kind of unmanned automation, intelligent data acquisition system. The network structure of the system, data transmission, information collection and data-processing model methods provide a common, advanced and effective information acquisition model for other supervisory control and data acquisition systems. This system are highly portable with little changes can be applied to other systems. These will not only improve the automation degree of monitoring, and also a lot of human and financial resources are saved with a high practical value and economic value.

A data acquisition system is required to interpret the electrical signals produced by radiation detectors when a gamma ray, neutron or other radiation type interacts with it. The data acquisition system can take on many forms to match the wide variety of radiation detector types available and the different ways in which the signals from these detectors can be processed to give information on the detected radiation. First presented is a detailed overview of a variety of analog data acquisition topologies ranging from simple radiation event counters through to pulse shape discrimination. A comparison is then made with the digital counterparts of these data acquisition topologies, highlighting the relative merits and shortcomings of both analog and digital implementations. Next, the important factors relating to how data is processed, stored and transferred through different stages of a data acquisition chain is discussed and suggestions given on how to avoid bottle-necks and ensure balanced data flow throughout the system. Also discussed are the key challenges associated with the design and configuration of data acquisition systems for active interrogation (AI) environments such as dealing with the high event rates, capturing the time development of active radiation signatures, and techniques for working with pulsed interrogating sources.

Design of on-line embedded web server is a challenging part of many embedded and real time data acquisition and control system applications. The World Wide Web is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) to serve billion of users worldwide and allows the user to interface many real time embedded applications like data acquisition, Industrial automations and safety measures etc,. This paper approached towards the design and development of on-line Interactive Data Acquisition and Control System (IDACS) using ARM based embedded web server. It can be a network, intelligent and digital distributed control system. Single chip IDACS method improves the processing capability of a system and overcomes the problem of poor real time and reliability. This system uses ARM9 Processor portability with Real Time Linux operating system (RTLinux RTOS) it makes the system more real time and handling various processes based on multi tasking and reliable scheduling mechanisms. Web server application is ported into an ARM processor using embedded `C' language. Web pages are written by Hyper text markup language (HTML); it is beneficial for real time IDACS, Mission critical applications, ATM networks and more.

In the present IT age, we are in need of fully automated industrial system. To design of Data Acquisition System (DAS) and its control is a challenging part of any measurement, automation and control system applications. Advancement in technology is very well reflected and supported by changes in measurement and control instrumentation. To move to highspeed serial from Parallel bus architectures has become prevalent and among these Ethernet is the most preferred switched Serial bus, which is forward-looking and backwardcompatible. Great stride have been made in promoting Ethernet use for industrial networks and factory automation. The Web based distributed measurement and control is slowly replacing parallel architectures due to its non-crate architecture which reduces complexities of cooling, maintenance etc. for slow speed field processing. A new kind of expandable, distributed large I/O data acquisition system based on low cost microcontroller based electronic web server[1] boards has been investigated and developed in this paper, whose hardware boards use 8-bit RISC processor with Ethernet controller, and software platform use AVR-GCC for firmware and Python for OS independent man machine interface. This system can measure all kinds of electrical and thermal parameters such as voltage, current, thermocouple, RTD, and so on. The measured data can be displayed on web pages at different geographical locations, and at the same time can be transmitted through RJ-45 Ethernet network to remote DAS or DCS monitoring system by using HTTP protocol. A central embedded single board computer (SBC) can act as a central CPU to communicate between web servers automatically.

The use of an automated Data Acquisition System (DAS) is very important in testing and measurement systems. The desire is extremely high in the DAS with high speed, multi-channel, and large capacity, so research in this area becomes very significant. The growing problem in DAS is to acquire the data with the required data rate and store data onto the on-chip memory. Microcontroller, microprocessor or Digital Signal Processors (DSP) devices can be programmed as a DAS, but these devices comprise problems, such as slower data acquisition rates, nonavailability of sufficient on-chip memory, etc. To overcome these above drawbacks, this paper provides an approach to design and develop DAS based on the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). To acquire the data from Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) to FPGA, an Inter Integrated Circuit (I2C) serial communication protocol is used. I2C master communication protocol is designed and developed using VHDL with the Quartus II version 13.1, and the I2C master protocol is implemented in cyclone III FPGA. FPGA is acting as a master controller. DAS with the FPGA will provide the better acquisition results compared to the existing acquisition system.

Because USB has many advantages, such as plug and play, hot plug, so it has brought great changes in PC peripheral devices' connecting technology. In this paper, we firstly have designed a Microprocessor Minimum System which based on ARM7 kernel Microprocessor S3C44B0X. And on the basis of the Minimum System, we have designed a kind of data acquisition card which based on USB interface. And a kind of Embedded Operating System μC/OS- II also has been transplanted in the data acquisition, we also have used μ C/OS- II to manage the whole data acquisition system. The whole data acquisition system's design includes hardware circuits' design and data acquisition interrupt software's design. After being used and examined practically, the USB Data Acquisition Card takes on such advantages as good performance, low consumption and low cost, especially for its use value. And it can be embedded in many kinds of data acquisition applications as a basic module.

Positron emission tomography (PET) systems employ mixed-signal front-end to carry out relatively simple, and ad hoc, processing of the charge pulses generated upon event detection. To obtain, and maintain over time, proper calibrations of the mixed-signal circuitry for generating accurate event information is a challenging task due to the simplicity of the event processing, and the huge number of channels and multiplexing of the input signals found in modern PET systems. It is also difficult to modify or extend the event-processing technologies when needs arise because it would involve making changes to the circuitry. These limitations can be circumvented by applying digital signal-processing technologies for analyzing event pulses generated in PET. With digital technologies, optimized event-processing algorithms can be implemented and they can be modified or extended with ease when needed. The resulting PET data-acquisition (DAQ) system is easier to calibrate and maintain, can generate more accurate event information, and has better extendibility. In this paper, we present our work toward developing a scalable all-digital DAQ system for PET, built upon a personal-computer platform for reducing cost. We will present the overall architecture of this digital DAQ system, and describe our implementations of several components of the system.

A Data Acquisition (DAQ) system has become to be used in the field of large-scale scientific experiments with the advance of information technology. Especially, in DAQ System for a high energy physics experiment such as ATLAS experiment at CERN, parallel processing using a large number of network switches enhances the efficiency of acquiring and analyzing experimental data. Additionally, a DAQ system has many-to-one simultaneous communication that gathers data generated by a large number of detectors into one computer for analysis. Properties of such communication can cause network traffic congestions and packet losses, thereby decreasing throughput. One solution for such problem is Data Center Bridging (DCB) technology used to establish lossless Ethernet networks. In addition, since event fragments in a large-scale DAQ system are transmitted using many network switches, the buffer size of a network switch is critical. This study focuses on the queue of the network switch of a DAQ system using DCB and the effects on system performance. The fairness and throughput of each flow in many-to-one simultaneous communication system were measured. We confirmed maximum performance was achieved when an average queue length in the network switch was small.

Data Acquisition System (DAS) is a fundamental functional part in every radar application, especially when used for high range resolution radar system. This paper presents a high speed and reliable DAS of a High range Resolution Radar used for Acquiring Traffic flow Information (HRRATI). The system uses high performance Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) to cope with the data transformed by the high speed 8-bits Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC08D500), which performs digitization of the dual channels radar echo signals with sampling rate at 500MHz. The signal bandwidth up to 180MHz in each channel, then the system preprocesses all the data onboard in real time. In view of the broad bandwidth of the signal and high sampling rate, clock jitter, signal integrity and EMI/EMC issues assume great importance and pose a great challenge to the Printed Circuit Board (PCB) design. This paper gives a thorough investigation of such problems. Finally, clock jitter and ENOB test experiment results show that the DAS is capable of sampling the radar signal effectively.

Data acquisition (DAQ) system is developed for acquiring, processing and storing the tracking the position of the satellite. Tracking the spacecraft orientation and measuring actual position of satellite are done using inertial measurement unit (IMU). An IMU consists of three accelerometers and gyroscopes. Accelerometer measures the linear acceleration, and gyroscope measures angular velocity of the object that it is mounted on. Accelerometers along with gyroscopes form an integral part of satellite’s inertial guidance unit. Using DAQ system, the data can be measured from accelerometer or gyroscope or combination of both that can be used for space application. Designed DAQ system has accelerometer with Military Standard (MIL-STD) 1553 interface for data communication, to log the data without missing any of the samples at every 32 ms along with certain analog parameters in a deterministic way. Acquired acceleration data has to be converted to engineering units using numeric integration technique. This system display data in real time on the monitor and also store in a file for further off-line analysis. Hardware and software are developed using Arduino board along with MIL-STD-1553 protocol chip with serial peripheral interface (SPI), matrix laboratory (MATLAB) and Arduino IE, respectively.

An ATCA Embedded Data Acquisition and Control System for the Compass tokamak

The Muon g-2 Experiment at Fermilab (E989) will measure the muon magnetic anomaly with unprecedented precision (0.14 ppm), which yields a factor of 4 improvement with respect to the previous measurements at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) (E821). To achieve this goal, the relative response of each calorimeter channel must be calibrated and monitored at a level better than $10^{-3}$ in the time window of the muon fill. The calibration system uses a laser source and photodetectors. The data acquisition (DAQ) of the system is designed around two field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based boards and a custom crate bus. The front-end board manages the photodetector operation and signal processing and performs a first-level data concentration task. Up to 12 FPGA boards can be housed in a 6U crate. A readout master controls the boards, implements event-building functionalities, manages the monitoring interface, and facilitates calibration and debugging tasks. A gigabit-ethernet interface is used to transfer data to the on-line farm for storage and further processing. Presently, the system is working at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL). In this article, we present the DAQ system design, run control user interface, and system evaluation.

The D0 Run 2 data acquisition system features a novel design permitting complex event routing in a high speed, data driven architecture. Data blocks associated with multiple events flow freely from /spl sim/70 frontend digitization crates. Eight separate readout concentrators funnel these blocks onto optical fiber paths to the Level 3 trigger processor farm. The processor farm is divided into segments, each of which is fed by a segment bridge. Data blocks flow to each bridge in turn, where they are either routed to a Level 3 node (or nodes) in the segment, or passed onto the next segment bridge. Blocks that do not flow to a processor node are returned to the readout concentrator. Thus the system has a built-in mechanism for rate limitation. The Event Tag Generator (ETG) and segment bridges facilitate the event routing decisions in real time. The routing is based on the trigger bits from the hardware trigger. This and the availability of nodes in each segment determine to which node(s) the event is routed. We present operational and performance details of this system, designed for comfortably more than the nominal 1 kHz input; being modular and parallel, it can be easily upgraded.

With the development of intelligent power grid, the automatic meter reading system has replaced the manual meter reading system, but in some places with special environment and difficult wiring, it is particularly difficult to use the wired way to read meters. Therefore, based on this, this paper introduces ZigBee wireless network communication technology into the design of remote meter reading system, which can effectively solve the problem of wiring difficulties in special occasions and improve The problems of data transmission in the original meter reading system make the system more applicable. In this paper, a data acquisition system based on ZigBee wireless technology is designed. Starting from hardware and software, the networking and data transmission of ZigBee are introduced. Finally, the data is sent to PC for data processing and storage.