Design of Virtual Lab Geometry Using Virtual to Supplement Learning In Mathematics Classes

This paper describes a practical case study on the benefits and feasibility of a virtual laboratory as a part of chemistry laboratory exercises. Three different objectives that must fit together to create an efficient Virtual Reality (VR) learning experience were found: relevant information content, learning design, and technical feasibility. To achieve these multidisciplinary goals, a simple framework for designing VR learning materials was created. A 360-VR version of a chemistry laboratory exercise was designed and created following this framework. Data on its effectiveness was collected on a laboratory course with over 150 first-year chemical engineering students. The students completed the same laboratory exercise both as a virtual laboratory and in a real student laboratory. In the student feedback, students clearly stated that virtual laboratories cannot replace the experience in a real laboratory, and that the virtual laboratory exercises did not directly increase student motivation. Nevertheless, students showed a very positive attitude towards virtual learning materials and suggested including even more activating materials such as quizzes and interactive videos in the learning materials. Only a few students reported any downsides related to the virtual laboratory exercise. Overall, it was shown that our design principles work in practice as the students reported several real benefits when they completed a virtual laboratory exercise before the real-life laboratory exercise. These benefits included learning the correct way that the laboratory exercise proceeds and how to perform certain tasks correctly.

Currently, in virtual reality simulations and laboratories much attention is focused on the development of a user interaction controller for better immersion and student experience. Of course, the visual experience is a base for the laboratory study of any students, but direct contact with the visualized environment is also important. This paper presents a virtual scalpel technique that simulates the experience of medical discipline student education using virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) laboratory software. User's hands and a pencil with a tracker marker are the main tracking system components. Due to the high sensitivity of hand sign recognition, the Leap Motion camera was chosen as the base device for tracking the interaction of the user's virtual scalpel and hand models. We used Unreal Engine to create and visualize such virtual laboratory. During the recognition hand-pencil system, the 3D scalpel model is activated in our VR and scene, with a collision in the proposed virtual blade area. The user manipulates such “hand-scalpel” system in VR and AR simulation process, where the collision area of blade interacts with an imitating an organic 3D object. In this paper we presented the sensitivity and efficiency of “hand-pencil” system inside the virtual scene. In addition, the comparison and application of the methodology were highlighted for VR and AR prototypes of the laboratory scene.

Extended-Reality Technologies: An Overview of Emerging Applications in Medical Education and Clinical Care.

The availability of facilities and infrastructure in learning Cell and molecular biology courses is needed to support the achievement of learning objectives. Based on the results of observations in the Imelda University, Pharmacy Department, the lack of implementation due to the lack of facilities and infrastructure that support the practicum causes a lack of improvement in students' critical thinking skills. The ability to think critically is the main factor affecting student understanding. In this case, the media that can support this is a problem solving-based virtual laboratory to encourage students' critical thinking skills. This study aims to identify the effect of a problem solving-based virtual biology laboratory on the critical thinking skills of students in the Pharmacy Undergraduate Study Program at Imelda University, Medan. The research design was one group pre-test posttest. Data collection was carried out starting in January 2020, followed by data processing and analysis. The sample in this study were all students of the first semester Pharmacy Department at Imelda University, totaling 63 people. The sampling technique in this study is total sampling. The statistical analysis used was one sample T-test. Based on the results of the discussion based on the problems and research objectives, it can be concluded that there is a positive and significant effect with p 0.00 <0.05 in the use of problem solving-based virtual laboratories on students' critical thinking skills in the cell and molecular biology courses at the Imelda University Pharmacy Department. With the virtual laboratory, students learn the principles of science in a fast, effective and fun way through virtual laboratory interactions and navigation.

Virtual reality has an important role in learning physics since it provides students a virtual environment that simulates real-world situations. Virtual laboratories are a new alternative for teaching, as they provide safe environments where the student can repeat a practice without risk of damaging the equipment. Gamification allows motivating students through the application of game-design elements. The objective of this paper was to perform a mixed evaluation of the influence of immersive virtual reality and gamification on the learning of physics in a mobile learning environment. The proposed application is a low-cost alternative for both schools and universities that do not have the infrastructure to create a physics laboratory and a tool for distance learning in physics. 86 students of university education were tested and we analyzed the information generated by the students.

The emergence of problems such as the COVID-19 pandemic that currently occurred interfere the implementation of teaching and learning activities in schools. Especially for science learning, it is not only about the content but also the processes to improve student’s skills, such as science process skills. Current technological advances make it possible to conduct distance learning using media such as virtual lab. This study aims to review the comparison of the effectiveness between virtual lab and traditional lab, the use of virtual lab on student’s science process skills, and the use of virtual lab as a medium of distance learning. This study uses a systematic literature review method with 22 selected articles. The results indicate that the use of virtual lab media has the same or even better effectiveness than traditional labs. The use of virtual lab enable to enhance student’s science process skills, especially in predicting and measuring. This is because the virtual lab media able to provide opportunities and flexibilities for students to conduct experiments by the level of ability and pace of learning each student, anytime and anywhere. Thus, the virtual lab media is feasible to be used as an alternative substitute method for distance learning.

This research is based on the problem where practical activities in the Basic Physics Practicum course can no longer be carried out optimally due to changes in the learning model from face-to-face (offline) to online (online) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to develop a virtual physics laboratory as a medium in carrying out practical activities and to analyze the feasibility of the product through the validation results of experts and the results of product trials on prospective users. This type of research is Research & Development with ADDIE development model. The subjects of this study were 12 lecturers and 47 students of the STKIP Citra Bakti science education study program. Data collection techniques using validation sheets and questionnaires. The data collection instruments are in the form of validation assessment sheets and response questionnaires of prospective users. The data from this study were analyzed qualitatively descriptive to decide the feasibility of the product being developed. The results of the research showed that the average validation score of the material expert was 4.63, the media expert was 4.41, the learning design expert was 4.30, and the linguist was 4.51. The validation results of the four validators are in the very good category. Meanwhile, the results of product trials to lecturers and students as potential users are in the very good category with an average score of 4.53 and 4.57, respectively. Based on these data, this virtual physics laboratory product with real world problems based on Ngada local wisdom is recommended to be applied to the Basic Physics Practicum course and to help students in their independent practicum activities.

To find out the increase in the ability of mathematical understanding in learning calculus I semester II students of mathematics education study programs on the subject of functions and limits, we need a learning media in the form of Geogebra applications. Geogebra applications is one of the calculus I learning media that can be used to demonstrate or visualize mathematical concepts as well as a tool to construct concepts mathematically. The sample in this study was 54 seconds semester students of the mathematics education study program, Faculty of Education, University of Timor using purposive sampling techniques. The method used in this study is a pre-experimental method with one group pretest-posttest design. Analysis of the data in this study used the non-parametric Mann Whitney test. Based on the results of the N-gain score test, it shows that the average N-gain score is 58.4251 or 58.4%, which results are included in the quite effective category. Thus, the use of Geogebra applications in learning calculus I in the second-semester students of mathematics education study programs is quite effective in improving students' mathematical understanding of learning calculus I.

As Higher Education Institutions closed for an indefinite period in 2019 due to the COVID19 (coronavirus) pandemic, the urgency to commence with online modes of teaching and learning were realised. The rapid and abrupt transition from face-to-face to online teaching and learning was met with several challenges. However, it prompted new examples of educational innovation using online technologies fostering remote or distance education, such as Virtual Labs. While research suggests that Virtual Labs may improve academic performance, the impact on the students’ independence is limited. This systematic review study aims to determine the effect of VLabs on teaching and self-regulated learning. Fifty-one articles were initially identified from the Web of Science database as a result of the PRISMA guidelines and criteria set out in this study to 16 eligible articles. The following keywords were searched: virtual labs, self-regulation, virtual reality, augmented reality, Higher Education Institution/s, university, college, remote learning, distance learning and online learning. The findings reveal that Higher Education Institutions worldwide are transitioning towards online education. Further findings propose that virtual labs have the ability to initiate self-regulation hence meaningful learning in times of social distancing due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, six key themes were revealed: nurture, truly learner-centred, visualisation, digital natives, learning experience and management skills. This research also provides a strong platform for further research.

Learning media is a teaching aid that educators can use to convey lesson material, increase student creativity, and increase student attention during the learning process. This research examines the effect of implementing interactive learning media based on virtual laboratory on student learning outcomes in force topic at SMP Negeri 1 Gorontalo. This research uses an experimental method, and the research design used is a group pre-test and post-test design. The subjects of this research were 30 students in each class divided into three classes: experimental class, replication 1, and replication 2. The data analysis techniques used are normality, hypothesis, and n-gain tests. The results of the hypothesis testing criteria were T-count ≥ T-table with a level of ∝ = 0.05 for the experimental class, replication 1, and replication 2; therefore, Ho is rejected, and Ha is accepted. This is also supported by the acquisition of the course average normalized gain for all sample classes, both experimental and replication classes, which fall into the high and medium categories in the experimental class (0.71), replication 1 (0.70), and replication 2 (0.66). Data analysis shows that the average post-test score for the experimental and replication classes is higher than the pre-test. This indicates that virtual laboratory media improves student learning outcomes in force topics. This research concludes that using interactive learning media based on virtual laboratories can be an effective alternative for improving the quality of science learning in schools.

Learning media is an essential component in supporting learning objectives. Teachers are expected to make optimal use of these media. This research aims to develop interactive learning media through crossword puzzles integrated with virtual laboratories that are valid, practical, and effective. This research is included in the type of development research that refers to the ADDIE model Research and Development Model: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The tools used in this research are the validation sheet, learning process implementation observation sheet, student response questionnaire, student activity observation sheet, and learning outcomes test. The research results show that the interactive crossword puzzle integrated virtual laboratory learning media is categorized as valid, practical, and effective because the combination of learning and games provides a deep and enjoyable learning experience for users. Meanwhile, the virtual laboratory allows experiments to be conducted virtually so that they can be accessed anytime and anywhere.

The use of students’ artwork as learning media in General English courses is becoming more widely acknowledged for its many advantages. In order to clarify the significant and the implication of students’ artwork as learning media, this research was conducted. The research questions, namely: 1) what type of students’ artwork is chosen as learning media in General English courses? 2) How is the process of teaching using student artwork as a learning media? 3) what are the advantages of using student’ artwork as a learning media? This research employed a qualitative case study approach. Data were taken from the result of interview to the five students of Fine Arts study program as the respondents then analyzed in percentage and NVivo 12 analysis. It is concluded that student’s artwork as a learning media should be chosen based on students’ preference. In relation to students’ preference, paintings and sculptures are chosen as learning media in General English courses. The choice of artwork as learning media can increase motivation which helps students learn vocabulary, grammar, writing and speaking more quickly and eventually enables them to communicate in English. Accordingly, when students used artwork as learning media for learning English, they simultaneously advance their understanding of the arts and acquire practice speaking English as a foreign language. Therefore, further investigation is recommended to provide an understanding the implication of students’ artwork as learning media. The research has limitation because it focused only on the English instruction. but did not address assessment using artwork. Therefore, further investigation is recommended to provide an understanding the implication of students’ artwork as learning media.

This research aims to analyze the progress of mastery of the concept of Work & Energy and the concept of Dynamic Electricity with the application of media-based learning in the Virtual PhET laboratory. This type of research uses descriptive research to describe the object studied against the sample, namely students of the physics education study program, FKIP University of Cenderawasih. Collecting research data using a concept mastery test instrument given at the end of the lecture through a written essay test with 9 questions. This test is given to determine the mastery of students' concepts after taking lessons on the concepts of Work & Energy, and Dynamic Electricity. The test result data were analyzed based on the student's concept mastery assessment score. The results of the research obtained for concepts 1 and 2 mostly obtained very good and good categories of 63.50%, sufficient percentage category of 12.00%, and less and very poor categories of 21.00%. Therefore, the application of learning concept 1 and concept 2 based on the Virtual PhET laboratory media during the covid-19 pandemic for Cendrawasih University physics education students progressed to better mastery of concepts with the largest gains in the good and very good categories.

The integration of Virtual Reality (VR) and gamification techniques can be used to produce a fun virtual laboratory, including virtual spaces and educational content. This study developed a prototype for a virtual laboratory for powder-bed binder jetting three-dimensional printing (3DP) training in universities. The 3DP virtual laboratory is expected to address problems encountered in teaching, training, and practicing with powder-bed binder jetting 3DP. The 3DP Training Virtual Laboratory was developed by using immersive VR technology to simulate two-handed operations. The user evaluation of the first version prototype revealed that the students lacked learning interest and motivation when using the prototype. Thus, gamification technology was integrated into the 3DP virtual laboratory prototype in the mid-implementation development phase. After refining and systematically developing the model to meet the modified requirements, user evaluations on the game elements showed positive feedback. This study concluded that elements of gamification design should be considered at the beginning of the educational or training system development in order to enhance students’ motivation or engagement.

In practice, virtual laboratory has the advantages of high simulation, open sharing, scalability, reusability and high security, which can be used as a supplement and extension of classroom teaching to develop the experimental teaching of distance education and mixed learning. However, the more common virtual laboratories are mostly web-based "non-immersive" virtual laboratories, that is, desktop simulation virtual laboratories, mainly through the simulation operation of equipment and experimental process software. Therefore, the shortcomings of this "non-immersive" virtual laboratory are also very obvious, such as relying only on mouse and keyboard operation, and the immersion of practical experience and experimental effects is not strong. Immersive virtual experiment is the use of virtual reality technology to create immersive experimental interactive scenes. Learners can use certain equipment to enter the same space scene as the real lab for interactive operation and experience, and can train and practice repeatedly to obtain ideal data for analysis and processing. Students conduct systematic training from the perspective of professional English in a virtual simulation environment, and strengthen the comprehensive application ability of professional English in online virtual practice. For the experiments requiring hands-on participation of learners, immersive virtual laboratory is a developing trend, as well as an innovative and transformative teaching application.