Developing a PC-Controlled Digitizing Program

The concept of virtual instrument was introduced, and the realizing process of the signal generator are studied from hardware and software aspects in detail. In the hardware aspect, USB chip and CPLD, memory, D/A are discussed. Finally the firmware programming, driver programming, and application programming were described in detail.

The traditional firewall is usually implemented protection mechanism between internal network and external network, real-time monitoring through the input and output of the network data package, once found security threats will make a response immediately, with the data processing time is short, the efficiency higher characteristic, can satisfy most application procedure, but there are also disadvantages of high cost and hardly realized etc.. In this paper, aiming at the above problems, put forward a set of AMR processor based Embedded Firewall Security innovation mechanism, presents the general framework of Embedded Firewall hardware and software architecture design, selection of the embedded chip S3C2410X with good performance, a detailed study of the key technology of the embedded firewall network card driver and application program, the communication performance of Embedded Firewall Based on the AMR processor of the comparison test, the communication rate can reach 15.5Mpbs, 2.15 times higher than the general performance of processor communication.

This paper discusses about the implementation of an embedded bus interface between a multifunction vehicle bus (MVB) and Ethernet. The proposed MVB-Ethernet interface consists of the MVB board and the embedded ARM board with an Ethernet port. The embedded ARM board consists of ARM processor, Linux operating system, MVB driver, and application program. After the error information processed by a telegram analysis unit, MCU, etc., is transferred to the ARM board from the MVB board, it is analyzed from the PC based on Windows XP. With the MVB-Ethernet interface, the error can be traced every 1 millisecond.

SPEC is the name of the operating system designed to control the NMR spectrometers in lab. SPEC is actually one large program which handles many functions necessary to control each spectrometer. The program handles all I/O with peripheral devices such as the console ('terminal' or 'CRT'). The program carries out its operations by accepting commands which each invoke specific subroutines to perform their function. There are a total of 60 commands in SPEC, each carrying out a different function. Because so many commands make SPEC a very large program, not all of the program is core resident. Rather, each command calls in an overlay handler which loads into memory the appropriate overlay from the disk and begins execution of the command. Thus SPEC is an independent disk based operating system. The commands in SPEC are capable of operating the microprocessor based pulse programmer, starting and acquiring data from the spectrometer data acquisition system, storing data on disk and manipulating it mathematically, displaying and plotting data. All arithmetic operations within SPEC are performed on integers. Since the DATA GENERAL computers are 16 bit machines operating in two's complement mode, the integer range is +32767. Many of the mathematical operations of SPEC are done in double precision integer mode with the final result always scaled to the above range. For many of the commands, integer overflow is detected and reported as an error message. Overflowed points are set to +32767. SPEC accepts command input from the console or reads a string of commands previously entered on the disk. The later command structure is called a macro. Macros may be nested and may have constants passed to them at execution time, thus allowing for a powerful supercommand structure. Both forms of commands are discussed in the next section. SPEC is designed to run on a DATA GENERAL computer with 32K words of memory and a 10Mbyte hard disk system. There are minor differences between the various computers in lab which are discussed in one of the appendices. The disk systems consist of two. 5Mbyte platters, one fixed and one in a removable pack. While running SPEC, all disk I/O is with the fixed disk. All pulse programs, data records, phase box records, etc. reside on the fixed disk. Thus each disk drive is specific to one spectrometer. When running under RDOS (the DG operating system) these disk files may also be accessed. All the source listings of SPEC subroutines, the SPEC program library, and all supporting programs reside on one of the removable packs (labeled 'SPEC'). This pack will normally be in the drive but it is not required to run SPEC. It is required to run any of the supporting programs discussed in another chapter. This manual attempts to document the SPEC operating system and related topics. The following section discusses the general operation of SPEC including how to get into the program and how to issue commands. The following chapters discuss the commands in detail, operation of the microprocessor based pulse programmer, spectrometer peripherals, supporting programs, and how to create and load a 'TEMP' program. The appendices contain details on bootstrapping procedures, hardware specifics, a technical description of SPEC and how to change or recreate it, a description of microcode loading and the procedure for formatting floppy, disks and recreating RDGS.

In the era of Information Technology (IT), IT basically refers to all forms of technology that involves electronic data in any form.It includes collection of data, storing it in proper format, processing it as well as circulation of Information. With the advancement in IT industry new peripheral devices have been evolved to store the data that can connect to a business computer terminal, especially via a USB port through devices such as Hard disk, Pen drives etc. Due to portability and accessibility, previously USB mass storage device/Pen Drive was preferred by individuals, enterprises as well as government but with the advancement of technology, there is a dark side of technology which is also increasing simultaneously in the last few years in the name of cybercrime. Various organizations have lost their sensitive or confidential information due to USB flash memory stick. Due to this, most of them banned the use of USB device. In this paper we present a solution to this data theft problem which will automatically fetch & store the Unique ID (Serial Number) of mass storage USB device/Pen drive and keep record in database to monitor registered user/device as well as anonymous device. We do recognize the patter of all connected anonymous device all over the intranet and represent it in a graphical form.

Standards codify the exchange of information across an interface between two functional units. Standards specify what is to be exchanged, but not how the functional units carry out their operations. Figure 1 represents an application programmer’s model of a graphics system. Two interfaces are central to graphics standardization: the application programmer interface (API) and the virtual device interface (VDI). Standards at both interfaces provide device independence for the user of the standard. That is, the user can deal with one or more abstract (“virtual”) graphics devices with a full range of input and output capabilities. The messy details of the particular hardware capabilities of any particular graphics device are hidden from the user. Instead, implementations of the standards must emulate any required facilities not directly supported by the hardware. Furthermore, the implementations mask the peculiarities of the particular command sets used to communicate specific orders to the graphics devices. Open image in new window Fig.1 Programmer's model of a graphics system

The present program provides a sophisticated means for data entry and editing, permitting the microprocessor user to edit any disk file saved in ASCII format using the powerful command set of the UNIVAC 1100-series text editor. When the researcher must rely on main-frame computers for data analysis, this program serves to complement any of several intelligent terminal programs now available. These programs, such as the one recently published by Kirk (1980), permit the microcomputer user to transfer disk files to a main-frame computer or other nonlocal facility. In this context, the present program may be used to create and edit disk elements that may be transferred to the main frame via such intelligent terminal programs. Thus, the program provides an inexpensive and efficient alternative to using cardpunch or main-frame editing facilities. Further, since intelligent terminal programs often allow bidirectional data transfer, elements can be brought back from the main frame, stored on disk, and edited to make them suitable for entry into local microcomputer programs. (An example is given in the Applications section.) System Requirements. This program iswritten according to the syntax of Radio Shack Level II Disk BASIC 1.1, which requires at least TRSDOS 2.1. Differences between the BASIC language and others are the allowable variable names, permissibility of multiple statement lines, and the specific format of string manipulation commands. The program occupies approximately 9K bytes of memory and is compatible with either a 32Kor 48K-byte system. Program Description. The program was designed with commands similar to the UNIVAC ll00-series text editor (UNISIM is short for UNIVAC text editor simulation). There are several reasons for choosing such a design: (1) The UNIVAC text editor is quite powerful, in that it provides the user with a wide variety of element manipulation commands; (2) each command has a well chosen mnemonic specification; and (3) as a widely used implementation, many users already familiar with the UNIVAC editor will need little additional study to utilize this program. The program functions in three modes: input, insert, and edit. Input mode is used to create an element on a

Harmonic Control: A Symbolic Language Aided Engineering Control Program

Computer programs for ESR spectral analysis

One of the main basic automation tools in modern industrial enterprises is programmable logic controllers. Programmable logic controllers (PLCs) are microprocessor or microcontroller devices intended for the implementation of automated control systems for technological processes at enterprises [1]. The principle of PLC's work is to collect and process data on the user's application program with control signals generation to the operating devices. The modular concept of constructive execution of the PLC, allowed composing the programmed logic control devices in accordance with the peculiarities of the tasks solved by the customer. The range of application of PLC extends from devices of local control of working bodies of machines and technological units to multi-level control systems of complex technological objects. PLCs control machine tools, automatic production lines, robotic technological complexes, and also control the safety of equipment operation.There are thousands of different PLC models on the market today, which differ not only in technical characteristics (memory size, computing block power, input / output channels), but also functional capabilities. PLCs are available in a wide range of foreign companies such as Siemens, Schneider Electric, Mitsubishi Electric, Rockwell Automation, etc.The research has confirmed the choice of alternative to an expensive PLC based on the use of the Arduino hardware and software platform. A similar approach, and even schematic and software solutions, can be used in the design of the LLA for other small automation objects. The automation of the PLC process significantly reduces the cost of production, increases productivity and reduces the cost of metal compared with turning parts on the automatic lathes.The acquired development skills can be recommended for use in teaching students how to work with modern microcontrollers and building rather simple programmable logic controllers.

The Comprehensive Epidemiologic Data Resource (CEDR) and Populations at Risk to Environmental Pollution (PAREP) projects, of the Information and Computing Sciences Division (ICSD) at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL), are using public socioeconomic and geographic data files which are available to CEDR and PAREP collaborators via LBL's computing network. At this time 72 CD-ROM diskettes (approximately 37 gigabytes) are on line via the Unix file server cedrcd.lbl.gov''. Most of the files are from the US Bureau of the Census, and many of these pertain to the 1990 Census of Population and Housing. All the CD-ROM diskettes contain documentation in the form of ASCII text files. In addition, printed documentation for most files is available for inspection at University of California Data and Technical Assistance (UC DATA), tel. (510) 642-6571, or the UC Documents Library, tel. (510) 642-2569, both located on the UC Berkeley Campus. Many of the CD-ROM diskettes distributed by the Census Bureau contain software for PC compatible computers, for easily accessing the data. Shared access to the data is maintained through a collaboration among the CEDR and PAREP projects at LBL, and UC DATA, and the UC Documents Library. LBL is grateful to UC DATA and the UC Documents Library for the use of their CD-ROM diskettes. Shared access to LBL facilities may be restricted in the future if costs become prohibitive. Via the Sun Network File System (NFS), these data can be exported to Internet computers for direct access by the user's application program(s). Due to the size of the files, this access method is preferred over File Transfer Protocol (FTP) access. Please contact Deane Merrill (dwmerrill lbl.gov) if you wish to make use of the data.

An important goal in interactive computer graphics is to provide users with both quick system responses for basic graphics functions and enough computing power for complex calculations. One solution is to have a distributed graphics system in which a minicomputer and a powerful large computer share the work. The most versatile type of distributed system is an intelligent satellite system in which the minicomputer is programmable by the application user and can do most of the work while the large remote machine is used for difficult computations. At New York University, the hardware was configured from available equipment. The level of system intelligence resulted almost completely from software development. Unlike previous work with intelligent satellites, the resulting system had system control centered in the satellite. It also had the ability to reconfigure software during realtime operation. The design of the system was done at a very high level using set theoretic language. The specification clearly illustrated processor boundaries and interfaces. The high-level specification also produced a compact, machine-independent virtual graphics data structure for picture representation. The software was written in a systems implementation language; thus, only one set of programs was needed for both machines. A user can program both machines in a single language. Tests of the system with an application program indicate that is has very high potential. A major result of this work is the demonstration that a gigantic investment in new hardware is not necessary for computing facilities interested in graphics.

Being a signatory to international agreements that recognize the Human Right to Adequate Food (HRAF) and having enshrined this right into its Constitution, the Brazilian state imposes a duty to provide, protect and promote the HRAF. For this it is necessary to incorporate the principles of the HRAF into the process of planning and executing the actions of Food and Nutrition Security (FNS). The objective was to analyze the process of mainstreaming of the HRAF in the new institutional design of the National School Nutrition Program (NSNP). This is in line with the principles laid down in General Comment No 12 of the Guide for Policy Analysis and Public Programs and nutritional Food Security under the Perspective of Human Rights and the Organic Law on Food and Nutrition Security (OLFNS). The results show that the new regulatory framework of the NSNP indicates a paradigm shift that is characterized by a gradual decline in the perception of NSNP as policy of a welfare nature. Concomitantly, there is an increase in the concept of the benefit of school food as a right, with the caveat that the construction of a new regulatory framework, although essential, is not sufficient for full implementation of the HRAF.

Many distributed in-memory data-processing systems such as Flink and Spark suffer from serious memory issues, including limited memory resources shared by many users or groups, which aggravates the competition for memory resources. If a user application is allocated with insufficient memory, significant garbage collection overheads will occur at runtime. In contrast, if the user application is provided with a memory space larger than it actually requires, memory resources will be wasted. Therefore, it is important to ensure that a user application is allocated with an appropriate memory size. In a general case, multiple applications process one specific set of data repeatedly. Often, the process logic of applications working on the same dataset is similar; for example, they can perform machine learning or graph computing tasks. This study further reveals that the process logic reflected in application programming interface and user-defined functions also affects the memory usage at runtime. Based on this observation, this paper presents a method for estimating the optimal memory size for newly submitted applications. The proposed approach was implemented on Spark. It utilizes the information of program analysis and historical applications produced when processing data to estimate a proper memory threshold for a newly submitted application based on the similarity of the data path between the new application and a historical one. The results of the experiments conducted to evaluate the method's accuracy of estimating the memory threshold and performance profit demonstrated that the proposed method is able to (1) estimate the required memory threshold with an error of 4% compared to the actual proper memory threshold, (2) guarantee the overall time overhead of estimating to be negligible compared to the execution time of a submitted job, and (3) reduce the execution time of submitted applications by up to 56% compared to when the proposed method is not applied.

Problem. Over the past few decades, the use of information and computer technology has expanded exponentially. In many fields of activity during this period, various software tools were integrated, and some of the fields were almost completely automated. For educational software development, it is crucial to correctly and accurately identify needs, draw up requirements, and consider the necessary simplicity, creating a concise and understandable program structure. Goal. The purpose of this work is to identify the needs of application users, formulate requirements for the application, create a program model, draw up its structure, determine the means that will be used for its implementation and compose a description of the main set of methods necessary for the function-analysis of a developing application. Methodology. Analytical research methods, requirements elicitation, application structuring using UML diagrams, and teaching software development methods. Results. An analysis of the needs of users of the learning application for young children was carried out, the requirements were collected and traced, and the program's application control structure and the static structure of the program were drawn up. The means for the implementation of the program were selected and described, and the implementation of the program was described. Originality. Requirements, structure, and approach to creating an application are based on the analysis of children's knowledge levels and needs. Practical value. Such software can be adapted for different knowledge levels and various topics unrelated to children's education.