Development and validity of workplace bullying in nursing-type inventory (WPBN-TI)

BackgroundThe dramatic growth of digital health apps highlights an urgent need for rigorous usability evaluation tools. While the Health Information Technology Usability Evaluation Scale (Health-ITUES) has gained validation, a Chinese version has not yet been developed and validated.ObjectiveThis study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the Health-ITUES into Chinese, customize it for both service consumers and professional health care providers, and evaluate its reliability and validity in the Chinese context.MethodsFollowing the Guidelines for the Process of Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Self-report measures, the Health-ITUES was meticulously translated and culturally adapted into Chinese version following 2 rounds of expert consultation. Subsequently, based on the SMART system, an intelligent and integrated older adult care model, the Chinese version of the Health-ITUES was customized into the care receiver version (Health-ITUES-R) and professional health care provider version (Health-ITUES-P). Older individuals and nurses participated in the validation testing conducted between December 2020 and February 2021, facilitated by the improvement of the COVID-19 pandemic and the timing preceding the Spring Festival, which ensured feasible recruitment and a sufficient sample size. In addition, the pandemic-driven increase in digital health app usage allowed us to assess usability in a relevant real-world health care setting. Content validity, internal consistency reliability, construct validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and criterion validity were used to evaluate the psychometric attributes of the Health-ITUES-R and Health-ITUES-P.ResultsA Chinese version of the Health-ITUES comprising 20 items across 4 dimensions was formulated, informing the customization of the Health-ITUES-R and Health-ITUES-P. In total, 110 and 124 eligible older adults and nurses validated the customized Health-ITUES-R and Health-ITUES-P, respectively. Both versions exhibited satisfactory content validity (content validity index of items=0.83-1.00; content validity index of scale=0.99) and adequate internal consistency reliability (Cronbach α and McDonald ω>0.80 for the overall scale; >0.75 for individual items). Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed a 4D structure with acceptable construct validity, as indicated by model fit indices. Both the Health-ITUES-R and Health-ITUES-P showed satisfactory convergent validity (average variance extracted [AVE] value>0.5, composite reliability value>0.7), except for a slightly lower AVE value (0.478) for the second dimension of the Health-ITUES-R. Discriminant validity was supported, with the square root of AVE values exceeding correlation coefficients and the Hetereotrait-Monotrait ratio below 0.85. Furthermore, Pearson correlation coefficients for the perceived usefulness dimension, perceived ease of use dimension, and overall scale of the Health-ITUES-R and patient acceptance questionnaire for mobile health application were 0.587, 0.647, and 0.743 (all P<.01), demonstrating a significant correlation.ConclusionsThe Chinese version of the Health-ITUES can be used as a valid and reliable tool to evaluate the usability of digital health apps for both care receivers and professional health care providers in the Chinese context.

To test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) and Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire (ERI) based on the Job Demand-Control Model and Effort-Reward Imbalance Model respectively. 928 health care workers in hospitals were investigated in this study. The self-administered questionnaires were used to assess the psychosocial work environment, including job demand, control, social support, extrinsic effort, reward, and overcommitment. Mean while, the internal consistency reliability, construct validity and criterion validity were evaluated. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients for 6 scales were acceptable (0.56 approximately 0.82); factor analysis showed the close fitness with the theoretical constructs, though the "job demand" and "overcommitment" scales were still questioned; moreover, both demand-control and effort-reward imbalance were independently related to depressive symptom (OR: 1.63 approximately 2.64, P < 0.01), indicating the satisfactory criterion validity. Both Job Demand-Control Model and Effort-Reward Imbalance Model, with their relevant questionnaires were reliable and valid methods for measuring the psychosocial work environment and assessing the occupational stress among Chinese working population and further revision is necessary.

LupusPRO is a disease-targeted patient-reported outcome measure that was developed and validated from and among US patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We herein report the results of the cross-cultural adaptation and validation study of the Turkish translated version of the LupusPRO. Turkish LupusPRO and the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form (SF-36) (Turkish) were administered to the Turkish lupus patients. Disease activity was ascertained using the physician global assessment (PGA), Safety of Estrogens in Lupus Erythematosus National Assessment-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SELENA-SLEDAI), and flare (defined by LFA-Lupus Foundation of America). Disease damage was assessed with Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology damage index (SDI). Also, second Turkish LupusPRO tests were given to the patients to be completed within 2-3days and sent back to us. Internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, and convergent and criterion validity (against disease activity or health status) were tested. All reported p values are two-tailed. The conceptual framework of the LupusPRO was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis appropriate for categorical data. One hundred two SLE subjects (94% women) were enrolled. The median (IQR) age and mean disease duration (±SD) were 38.5 (18) years and 60.3 (±56.3) months, respectively. The mean ± SD, SLEDAI, and SDI scores were 3.1 ± 3.7 and 0.52 ± 0.75, respectively. There were 25 patients who had flares at the time of study. Forty-two patients with no change in their health status completed and sent back the second LupusPRO test and were included in the test-retest analysis. Test-retest reliability of LupusPRO domains ranged from 0.87 to 0.97, while internal consistency reliability of the domains ranged from 0.63 to 0.94. Convergent validity with corresponding domains of SF-36 was present. Health-related quality-of-life domains performed well against disease activity measures (PGA, total SLEDAI, LFA flare, and SF-6D-overall health status), establishing its criterion validity. Item-to-factor loadings representing the hypothesized item-to-scale relationships were satisfactory. The model fit for the hypothesized item-to-scale relationships was also satisfactory. The Turkish version of the LupusPRO is valid and appears to perform comparably to the English and Spanish language versions. It can be used as a patient-reported outcome parameter in clinical trials, as well as longitudinal studies for testing responsiveness to change.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of the short-version for clinical nurses on a communication competence scale developed to measure the communication competence of clinical nurses.Methods: Data were collected from 396 clinical nurses who work at general hospitals in Korea. The original version of the Communication Ability Scale was shorted and content, construct, item-convergent/discriminant, convergent validity and also internal consistency and test-retest reliability were evaluated. Data were analyzed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, Pearsons's correlation coefficient and Cronbach’s ⍺.Results: As a result of item analysis and exploratory factor analysis, 5 subscales and a total of 20 items were derived. The confirmatory factor analysis showed adequate model fit indices (Normed &lt;i&gt;x&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=1.88, RMR=.04, RMSEA=.07, GFI=.87, CFI=.90, TLI=.87, IFI=.89). The items convergence and discrimination validity were verified using the Average Variance Extracted (.50~.56), composite reliability (.76~.86) and &lt;i&gt;Φ&lt;/i&gt;±2SE (.42~.99). Convergent validity was demonstrated using Korean Version of Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (r=.59, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;.001). Internal consistency reliability and test-retest reliability were found to be acceptable, as indicated by a Cronbach’s ⍺ of .65~.79 and an intra-class correlation coefficient of .82~.90. The validity and reliability of the scale were verified.Conclusion: The NACCS is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring communication competence for clinical nurses in Korea.

BackgroundJoint contractures, which affect activity, participation, and quality of life, are common complications of neurological conditions among elderly residents in long-term care facilities. This study examined the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the PaArticular Scales in a population with joint contractures.MethodsA cross-sectional study design was used. The sample included elderly residents older than 64 years with joint contractures in an important joint who had lived at one of 12 long-term care facilities in Taiwan for more than 6 months (N = 243). The Chinese version of the PaArticular Scales for joint contractures was generated from the English version through five stages: translation, review, back-translation, review by a panel of specialists, and a pretest. Test-retest reliability, internal consistency reliability, construct validity, and criterion validity were evaluated, and the results were compared with those for the World Health Organization Quality of Life scale and the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule.ResultsThe Chinese version of the PaArticular Scales had excellent reliability, with a Cronbach α coefficient of 0.975 (mean score, 28.98; standard deviation, 17.34). An exploratory factor analysis showed three factors and one factor with an eigenvalue > 1 that explained 75.176 and 62.83 % of the total variance in the Activity subscale and Participation subscale, respectively. The subscale-to-total scale correlation analysis showed Pearson correlation coefficients of 0.881 for the Activity subscale and 0.843 for the Participation subscale. Pearson’s product-moment correlation revealed that the correlation coefficient (r) between the Chinese version of the PaArticular Scales and the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule was 0.770, whereas that for the World Health Organization Quality of Life scale was − 0.553; these values were interpreted as large coefficients.ConclusionsThe underlying theoretical model of the Chinese version of the PaArticular Scales functions well in Taiwan and has acceptable levels of reliability and validity. However, the Chinese version must be further tested for applicability and generalizability in future studies, preferably with a larger sample and in different clinical domains.

ABSTRACTThe study and measurement of psychosocial adjustment is important for evaluating patients’ well-being, and assessing the illness’s course, treatment’s success, and patients’ recovery. In this study, internal consistency reliability and construct validity of the Greek version of the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale-Self-Report (PAIS-SR) were examined. Demographic and psychosocial data were collected from a sample of 243 women with breast cancer, recruited from September 2011 to December 2012. With some exceptions in specific items, the original conceptually-derived PAIS-SR subscales emerged in a seven-factor solution. Social Environment, Job and Household Duties, and Psychological Distress accounted for more of the total variance than other subscales. PAIS-SR showed good internal consistency reliability, with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients >0.62. Correlations of PAIS-SR domains with measures of quality of life and posttraumatic stress symptoms supported the convergent validity of the PAIS-SR and its significance for cancer research. The Greek version of the PAIS-SR has acceptable internal consistency reliability and construct validity, as well as satisfactory convergent validity. Results provide some suggestions for the development of programs to evaluate adjustment status and implement psychosocial interventions among breast cancer survivors.

Patients often resort to religious and spiritual activities to cope with physical and mental challenges. The effect of spiritual coping on overall health, adaptation and health-related quality of life among patients undergoing haemodialysis (HD) is well documented. Thus, it is essential to establish a valid and reliable instrument that can assess both the religious and non-religious coping methods in patients undergoing HD. This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the Spiritual Coping Strategies Scale Arabic version (SCS-A) in Saudi patients undergoing HD. A convenience sample of 60 Saudi patients undergoing HD was recruited for this descriptive, cross-sectional study. Data were collected between May and June 2015. Forward-backward translation was used to formulate the SCS-A. The SCS-A, Muslim Religiosity Scale and the Quality of Life Index Dialysis Version III were used to procure the data. Internal consistency reliability, stability reliability, factor analysis and construct validity tests were performed. Analyses were set at the 0.05 level of significance. The SCS-A showed an acceptable internal consistency and strong stability reliability over time. The EFA produced two factors (non-religious and religious coping). Satisfactory construct validity was established by the convergent and divergent validity and known-groups method. The SCS-A is a reliable and valid tool that can be used to measure the religious and non-religious coping strategies of patients undergoing HD in Saudi Arabia and other Muslim and Arabic-speaking countries.

On Issues of Validity and Especially on the Misery of Convergent Validity

Many children with chronic health conditions encounter enduring difficulties in their peer interactions and friendships. This study aimed to create and validate scales derived from an observational coding system (i.e., Peer Interaction Macro-Coding System, or PIMS) in a sample of children with spina bifida and their peers. Participants were 106 target child-peer dyads who completed a battery of questionnaires and interviews and were videotaped performing 4 interaction tasks, which were then coded across multiple domains of social functioning. Five scales (i.e., Control, Prosocial Skills, Positive Affect, Conflict, and Dyadic Cohesion) were rationally derived based on a review of the literature and a panel of experts. Internal consistency and interrater reliability at the scale level were good to excellent for all 5 scales. Interscale correlations were in the low-to-moderate range for 4 of the scales, although the Dyadic Cohesion Scale was highly correlated with two other scales and was subsequently dropped. Convergent validity and discriminant validity were established by examining the 4 remaining scales in association with comparable questionnaire and interview data. The 4 PIMS scales appear to be reliable and valid measures of social competence and may enhance future multimethod research efforts aimed at learning more about peer interactions and overall social competence.

Background: The widely used Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale (RSES) has not been evaluated for psychometric properties in Sweden.Aims: This study aimed at analyzing its factor structure, internal consistency, criterion, convergent and discriminant validity, sensitivity to change, and whether a four-graded Likert-type response scale increased its reliability and validity compared to a yes/no response scale.Methods: People with mental illness participating in intervention studies to (1) promote everyday life balance (N = 223) or (2) remedy self-stigma (N = 103) were included. Both samples completed the RSES and questionnaires addressing quality of life and sociodemographic data. Sample 1 also completed instruments chosen to assess convergent and discriminant validity: self-mastery (convergent validity), level of functioning and occupational engagement (discriminant validity). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), structural equation modeling, and conventional inferential statistics were used.Results: Based on both samples, the Swedish RSES formed one factor and exhibited high internal consistency (>0.90). The two response scales were equivalent. Criterion validity in relation to quality of life was demonstrated. RSES could distinguish between women and men (women scoring lower) and between diagnostic groups (people with depression scoring lower). Correlations >0.5 with variables chosen to reflect convergent validity and around 0.2 with variables used to address discriminant validity further highlighted the construct validity of RSES. The instrument also showed sensitivity to change.Conclusions: The Swedish RSES exhibited a one-component factor structure and showed good psychometric properties in terms of good internal consistency, criterion, convergent and discriminant validity, and sensitivity to change. The yes/no and the four-graded Likert-type response scales worked equivalently.

Quality of life after pulmonary embolism: validation of the PEmb-QoL Questionnaire.

This article presents an integrated construct of servant leadership derived from a review of the literature. Subscale items were developed to measure 11 potential dimensions of servant leadership: calling, listening, empathy, healing, awareness, persuasion, conceptualization, foresight, stewardship, growth, and community building. Data from 80 leaders and 388 raters were used to test the internal consistency, confirm factor structure, and assess convergent, divergent, and predictive validity. Results produced five servant leadership factors—altruistic calling, emotional healing, persuasive mapping, wisdom, and organizational stewardship—with significant relations to transformational leadership, leader-member exchange, extra effort, satisfaction, and organizational effectiveness. Strong factor structures and good performance in all validity criteria indicate that the instrument offers value for future research.

Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) is a cognitive factor linked to various mental health disorders, especially anxiety, in children and adolescents. This study aimed to adapt and validate the Intolerance of Uncertainty Index-A for Children (IUI-A-C) into Turkish. A sample of 552 participants aged 10 to 19 years (M = 13.84, SD = 2.29) completed the Turkish version of the IUI-A-C and measures of anxiety. The study assessed confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency reliability, criterion validity, item discrimination, and test-retest reliability. The adapted scale showed good psychometric properties, with confirmatory factor analysis indicating a good fit to the data. Internal consistency reliability was adequate (Cronbach's α = .73), and criterion validity was supported by a moderate positive correlation with anxiety measures. Item discrimination analysis demonstrated the scale's ability to differentiate between high and low levels of IU, and test-retest reliability was excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient = .92). Thus, the Turkish IUI-A-C is a valid and reliable tool for assessing IU in children and adolescents.

Validation of a measure of positive and negative affect for use with cross-national older adults

The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QID-SR16), a self-report instrument based on the DSM-IV criteria that assesses the severity of depression symptoms, in the Brazilian population. Participants were 4.400 Brazilians over 15 years old recruited from an online survey assessing depressive symptoms during the early phase of COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Internal consistency, construct validity and convergent and discriminant validity of the QIDS-SR16 were evaluated. The tested model was considered adequate to the data (CFI = 0.947, TLI = 0.927 and RMSEA = 0.051) and its internal consistency was good, with a cronbach's alpha of 0.71 and an average item correlation of 0.23. The correlations between the total score of the QIDS-SR16 and the total scores of the PHQ-9 instruments (r = 0.67, p < 0.001), PCL-5 (r = 0.61, p < 0.001) and PROMIS (r = 0.60, p < 0.001) demonstrate good indicators of concurrent and convergent validity. The psychometric properties of the QIDS-SR16 proved to be strong in terms of internal consistency, construct validity, and convergent and discriminant validity. The Portuguese version of QIDS-SR16 is an adequate instrument to assess depressive symptoms in the context of an online survey.