Development of Active Power Factor Correction controller using boost converter

Nowadays in an electrical power system various DC-to-DC converters are widely used due to their variable range in output and efficient power conversion, but they draw current in form of pulses making the power factor of the system poor and Total Harmonic Distortion(THD) very high. For linear load, the correction of power factor can be done via passive load but with non-linear load, the distorted current line needs to be corrected with various control schemes. In this paper popular topology for Active Power Factor Correction(APFC) i.e boost converter has been studied in a power system under distorted main supply voltage, needing higher current compensation. A method for elimination of harmonic distortion from the input supply voltage is done with the means of SOGI-PLL, providing an inexpensive solution. This paper discusses all the steps for the straightforward control design of the PFC+PLL along with design criteria and calculations. The design and simulation of the boost converter with power factor correction in continuous conduction mode are modelled using MATLAB/SIMULINK software.

This work addresses the power factor correction technique adopted for a high output power, single phase full bridge rectifier with a large capacitor at its output stage. Full bridge rectifier with a large capacitor at its output stage is the most commonly used circuit topology in AC-DC conversion to get a constant DC output voltage required for various applications. This topology is popular because of its simple construction, low cost and high reliability. However this topology will have a distorted input current waveform shape with lot of lower order harmonics and low power factor which needs to be corrected. The power factor can be improved either by using passive or active components. In this work, a comparative study and analysis of passive and active power factor correction methods has been demonstrated. The simulation of passive power factor correction for a single-phase bridge rectifier with large output capacitor for 1 kW output has been carried out using PSpice simulation software. The active power factor correction for a single-phase, 1 kW output full bridge rectifier has been designed and tested and results are presented. Further the results of both the schemes are compared and advantages of active power factor correction is recorded and demonstrated in this work.

Constant frequency controllers designed for continuous conduction mode (CCM) give poor efficiency and power factor at light load in power factor correctors (PFCs) of computer and server power supplies. With the increasing efficiency and power factor requirements at light load demanded by energy saving programs, a multimode digital control scheme that provides higher efficiency and power factor at light load without additional and costly external components is proposed. The CCM-DCM control of the multimode control scheme reduces RMS current drawn from the AC mains by ensuring good input current shaping in both CCM and discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), leading to higher efficiency and power factor at light load. It is computationally simple as compared to other CCM-DCM control schemes. The no load control of the multimode control scheme reduces constant losses at very light load by turning the PFC on and off to regulate the output voltage within a hysteresis band. Compared to other on-off control schemes, a small load jump is sufficient to exit the proposed no load control scheme, allowing a smooth transition between the no load control and the CCM-DCM active mode control.

In this paper, a (PF) Power factor correction and power quality (PQ) improvement based BLDC motor drive proposed. Normally the permanent magnet BLDC motor drive connected with the diode bridge rectifier and high value of the capacitor due to which poor power factor and higher THD (Total harmonic distortion) value at the input side To overcome this difficulty SEPIC (Single-ended primary inductance converter) converter use to optimize the PF and THD value. The converter operates in discontinuous conduction mode to get the desired result. This scheme also used for speed control of BLDC motor by controlling the VSI (voltage source inverter) feeding the BLDC drive.

In this paper, a photovoltaic (PV) gird-connected micro-inverter controlled by power factor correction (PFC) controller is implemented. The PFC controller is adopted to control the inverter output current sinusoidally. Besides, the maximum power point tracking control circuit can get the maximum power form PV modules. The duality between the PFC circuit and the inverter circuit is presented first. Then, the PFC design rules is applied in the inverter circuit. However, the flyback inverter controlled by boundary conduction mode (BCM) PFC IC will cause a high third harmonic component from the analysis. Hence, the third harmonic injection method is estimated and analyzed to improve the output current total harmonic distortion. Finally, a 300W grid-connected flyback micro-inverter with BCM control based on L6561 PFC controller is implemented to verify the feasibility. Input voltage is 20V to 40V and the peak power is 300 W from PV simulator, and the output voltage is 220Vac/60Hz. The highest efficiency of the micro-inverter is 92.8%.

To reduce total harmonic distortion (THD) and improve the power factor (PF) of a boost power factor correction (PFC) converter, here, the authors propose a non‐linear control algorithm that includes the feedforward correction (FC) algorithm in the continuous conduction mode (CCM) and the non‐linear frequency variation (FV) algorithm in the mixed conduction mode (MCM). The proposed FC algorithm achieves current out of distortion through zero crossing with a lower current loop bandwidth. The proposed non‐linear FV algorithm achieves high PF and low THD under minimal load conditions. The non‐linear FV algorithm comprises a third harmonic extraction algorithm, a harmonic control loop for reducing THD and a frequency production algorithm. By using this non‐linear FV algorithm, the inductor size is reduced, which leads to lower cost and also achieves better THD and PF. The proposed algorithms are verified experimentally in terms of current tracking, current THD, PF, heating and loss on a 2000‐W boost PFC converter hardware prototype.

AC-DC power factor correction (PFC) single-stage converters both PFC and power conversion are done at the same time using a single converter that regulates the output. While using Switch Mode Converters (SMRs) for conversion from AC to DC, it enhances harmonics of the fundamental frequency at the input source thus increases the total Harmonic Distortion (THD) at the input. In this situation, we lose more power than required for a specific Load. So we need to design such a control system for this converter which could help us reduce the THD at input. I have tried to simulate boost type power factor converter circuit in order to improve the input. Here I have applied average current mode control because of many advantages over other techniques such as high noise immunity and stable operation. Firstly I have simulated only single bridge rectifier without any converter to see the result and THD at input and then I have applied open loop converter with single bridge rectifier to see how it affects the input THD and finally I have applied a converter with current and voltage control loops so that to improve the input THD. A step change at Load end is applied and the result is displayed so that to show the response of the system to be stable.

A novel active power factor correction method for power supplies with three-phase front-end diode rectifiers is proposed and analyzed. The implementation of this method requires the use of an additional single switch boost chopper. The combined front-end converter draws sinusoidal AC currents from the AC source with nearly unity input power factor while operating at a fixed switching frequency. It is shown that when the active input power factor correction stage is also used to regulate the converter DC bus voltage, the converter performance can improve substantially in comparison with the conventional three-phase AC-to-DC converters. These improvements include component count reduction, simplified input synchronization logic requirements, and smaller filter refractive components. Theoretical results are verified experimentally. The proposed method has the disadvantage of substantially increasing the current stresses of the switching devices and the high-frequency ripple content of the prefiltered AC input currents. >

In this paper, a series-capacitor-based interleaving buck power factor correction (PFC) converter is proposed, the intermediate energy storage capacitance of which is operated at discontinuous capacitor voltage mode (DCVM), and automatic power factor (PF) correction for this converter is obtained. Moreover, the voltage across the series capacitor of the proposed PFC converter is clamped at the input voltage, and thus peak voltage stress existed in the traditional DCVM buck PFC could be relieved. By effectively regulating the charge/discharge time for the series capacitor, ultrahigh step-down conversion ratio of the proposed converter is achieved, the conversion ratio of which is independent of the duty cycle and only related to the switching frequency and circuit parameters. Therefore, high PF can be obtained due to very narrow deadtime of the input current. Meanwhile, the proposed PFC converter can realize the soft turn- on of part power switch and soft turn- off of part power diodes. In addition, comparing with the traditional discontinuous inductor current mode PFC, the input current of the proposed PFC converter is continuous so that the peak value and root-mean-square value of input current can be reduced. The operational principle, performance analysis, and parameter design principle are given in this paper. The analysis results show that the PF and total harmonic distortion are also independent of the duty cycle. Finally, a 220-Vac input, 60 W/15 V output experimental prototype is built to verify the validity of the theoretical analysis.

Power factor and harmonics are primary factors in electrical distribution network. Harmonics are generated by the non-linear and irregular loads at end users. High harmonics in devices draws the large amount of current which results in poor power factor. Hysteresis control technique is one of the techniques in power factor converter topologies. Switching losses, low power factor and high harmonic distortion factors have been observed in present topology. To overcome these problems, synchronous PFC boost converter with controller has been proposed. This control scheme improves power factor (PF) and minimizes current harmonics. Advantages of proposed control technique includes low switching losses, low harmonic distortion, nearly unity power factor and bidirectional power flow. This conceptually built low cost synchronous PFC boost converter with controller has been tested and demonstrated for its functionality.

A comparison of fuzzy self‐tuning (FST), sliding mode control (SMC) and conventional proportional–integral (PI) control methods is performed under unbalanced grid conditions using a bridgeless power factor correction (PFC) converter. The bridgeless PFC converter operates the correction of AC line current to obtain a DC output voltage without full bridge rectifier based on these control methods. These control methods generate the duty cycles to provide higher unity power factor and lower total harmonic distortion of input current, even if AC line voltage is distorted. This study focuses on the performance analysis of FST and SMC methods adaptation to the input current for the bridgeless PFC converter and comparing with the conventional PI controller. Although the SMC method is only used in the current control loop, the FST method is used in both current and voltage control loops for eliminating harmonics of input current and regulating of output voltage. The performance of control methods is evaluated with a TMS320F2812 digital signal processor. The simulation and experimental results are compatible with the limits for harmonic current emissions, IEC 61000‐3‐2 and show that the FST and SMC are better than the conventional PI control method and FST is superior to the SMC.

Conventional critical conduction mode (CRM) control for many boost-derived power factor correction (PFC) circuits forms triangular inductor current. For three-level boost (TLB) converter, the conventional method is unattractive because losses increase but waveform quality remains unchanged, compared to other topologies. In order to obtain higher efficiency and improved waveform qualities, this article focuses on the distinctive structure of TLB and its inherent degree-of-freedom (DOF) in current-slope shaping. Based on the DOF, a new CRM control for TLB PFC is proposed and analyzed. Detailed design and digital implementation method are also provided. Different from conventional methods, the proposed CRM control divides each switching cycle into three parts including common on-time of two switches, additional on-time of one switch and common off-time. Accordingly, TLB inductor current is synthesized in quadrangular forms. The analyses and experimental results confirm that switching frequency and peak input current of TLB can be reduced by the proposed control. Due to the reductions, efficiency, total harmonic distortion, and quality of input current are improved with practically unchanged power factor.

Switching power supply systems are widely used in many industrial fields. Power factor correction (PFC) circuits have a tendency to be applied in new power supply designs. The PFC circuit with a boost converter using an input power source is studied in this paper. In a boost PFC circuit, there are two feedback control loops: a current feedback loop and a voltage feedback loop. In this paper, the regulation performance gained by using the output voltage and compensator to improve the transient response presented at the continuous conduction mode (CCM) of the boost PFC circuit is analyzed. The validity of the designed boost PFC circuit is confirmed by both MATLAB simulation and experimental results.

Power factor correction (PFC) is an effective method to reduce harmonic current in power grid. A novel boost high power factor rectifier with UCC28019 is proposed. The UCC28019 8-pin active Power Factor Correction controller uses the boost topology operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM). It does not need multipliers. The use of the IC will make the PFC circuit design easily and the volume of the rectifier small. The fundamental principle of the proposed rectifier is introduced. Its sections such as current loop and over-current protection, voltage loop and over-voltage protection, and so on, are analyzed and designed respectively in detail. Experimental results of the designed 350W prototype prove that the boost high power factor rectifier is rational and reliable, its power factor can reach 0.992, and its application prospect is wide.

Nowadays electric vehicles (EVs) are the most popular due to their cost-effectiveness and as an alternative to traditional petroleum fuel-based vehicles. When EV is charged from the utility grid conventional AC-DC converter act as a nonlinear load drawing peaky current from a supply and results in a very poor input power factor. The converter present at the input AC side which converts alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC), a crucial part of an electric car battery charging system, must have high efficiency. The topologies for use at the ac input side to convert ac into dc for EV battery charging are evaluated in this paper. The focus is on boost converter-based power factor correction converters, which provide excellent efficiency, good power factor, and affordable pricing. Traditional boost power factor correction converter, interleaved boost power factor correction converter, and bridgeless totem pole boost power factor correction converter are the topologies under investigation. The performance of all these topologies is simulated using Matlab/Simulink. All converters give the output of 400 V DC from a universal ac input voltage with a Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) percentage level that satisfies the IEEE Standards are provided with their simulation results.