DGMT: A Fully Dynamic Group Signature From Symmetric-Key Primitives

Both member registration and member revocation are essential features in group signature schemes. In ASIACRYPT 2016 Libert, Ling, Mouhartem, Nguyen, and Wang suggested a simple joining mechanism with their lattice-based group signature scheme with member registration. However, their scheme does not support member revocation. Verifier-local revocation is a member revocation approach in group signature schemes, which only requires the verifiers to keep the revocation messages while existing members have no burden. Since there is no workload for existing members related to revocation messages, verifier-local revocation method became the most suitable revocation approach for any environment. However, original group signature schemes with verifier-local revocability satisfy weaker security. This paper adds verifier-local revocation mechanism to the Libert’s (ASIACRYPT 2016) scheme to produce a fully dynamic lattice-based group signature scheme with member registration and member revocation using verifier-local revocation mechanism. Moreover, the resulted scheme achieves stronger security than the security in the original group signature schemes with verifier-local revocation.

A group signature scheme introduced by Chaum and Van Heyst allows a group member to sign messages anonymously on behalf of the group. However, in the case of a dispute, the identity of a signer of a group signature can be revealed only by a privileged entity, called a group manager. The group signature scheme has mainly been studied from the viewpoint of computational security setting so far. The main contribution of this paper is to study group signature schemes in unconditional security. More specifically, we newly introduce strong security notions of unconditionally secure group signatures (USGS for short) based on the idea of those of computationally secure group signatures proposed by Bellare, Micciancio and Warinschi. We also provide a generic method to construct USGS that is provably secure in our security definition. More precisely, we construct USGS by combining an encryption scheme with a signature, and show that the constructed scheme is unconditionally secure if the encryption and the signature used in the construction are unconditionally secure. Finally, we provide an instantiation of the one-time secure group signature scheme based on the generic construction.

An identity-based dynamic group signature scheme for reputation evaluation systems

Recently, Lee et al. used their new group signature with the function of authenticated encryption to design a sealed-bid auction scheme, and they claimed that their schemes are secure. In this paper, we show that if the group manager has a valid group signature of a member, without the member's secret key, he can forge a group signature on arbitrary message on behalf of the member; then, if the registration manager (RM) and the auction manager (AM) conspired (with each other) in their auction scheme, they can forge a new bid on any goods on behalf of the bidder who has sent his/her bid to AM. Therefore, their group signature and auction scheme are insecure. Finally, we improve Lee et al.'s group signature scheme to overcome the modification attack and achieve the security requirements.

Group signatures allow a group member to sign messages anonymously on behalf of the group and, if needed, a group authority is able to identify the signer. In most applications, groups are dynamic and the number of arrivals and departures is non-negligible. Group signature schemes must take into account this situation and deal with member revocation. Even if group signature schemes have been intensively investigated during the last decade, few are applicable in low resource context. Among them, the simplest and most efficient has been proposed by Canard and Girault at Cardis 2002 and involves the smart card as security proxy. This solution has many advantages; however, there is a need to be connected to a group authority in order to sign or to verify the signature. Clearly, this is a drawback in embedded security for mobile applications. Based on a re-assessment of the notion of group signature, we propose an improvement of the Canard-Girault scheme allowing to perform signature and verification both off-line. In particular, we introduce the notion of risk-management for group signature schemes, which leads us to a novel approach of the member revocation problem.

Leakage-resilient group signature: Definitions and constructions

Group signatures are generalised credential/member authentication schemes with wide applications. Membership revocation problem is a major issue of group signatures, and is often resolved through an additional protocol which would encumber the whole group signature both in computation and storage, as Camenisch et al. did to ACJT's group signature scheme (the first ever practical group signature based on RSA problem put forward by Ateniese et al. at Crypto'00) by dynamic accumulator. Boneh et al. applied Camenisch et al.'s dynamic accumulator based revocation reversely, resulted in short group signature. We formally define the method used by Boneh et al., named reversed dynamic accumulator in this paper, and apply it on some previous group signatures to obtain improved ones with revocation capability, reduced bandwidth (signature size) and less signature generation computations. We also address the problems unsolved in Boneh et al.'s work, e.g. how to open a group signature since the current certificate may no longer be the one stored when it is firstly generated.

Support of membership revocation is a desirable functionality for any group signature scheme. Among the known revocation approaches, verifier-local revocation (VLR) seems to be the most flexible one, because it only requires the verifiers to possess some up-to-date revocation information, but not the signers. All of the contemporary VLR group signatures operate in the bilinear map setting, and all of them will be insecure once quantum computers become a reality. In this work, we introduce the first lattice-based VLR group signature, and thus, the first such scheme that is believed to be quantum-resistant. In comparison with existing lattice-based group signatures, our scheme has several noticeable advantages: support of membership revocation, logarithmic-size signatures, and weaker security assumption. In the random oracle model, our scheme is proved to be secure based on the hardness of the $\mathsf{SIVP}_{\widetilde{\mathcal{O}}(n^{1.5})}$ problem in general lattices - an assumption that is as weak as those of state-of-the-art lattice-based standard signatures. Moreover, our construction works without relying on encryption schemes, which is an intriguing feature for group signatures.

Over the past two decades, group signature schemes have been developed and used to enable authenticated and anonymous peer-to-peer communications. Initial protocols rely on two main authorities, Issuer and Opener, which are given substantial capabilities compared to (regular) participants, such as the ability to arbitrarily identify users. Building efficient, fast, and short group signature schemes has been the focus of a large number of research contributions. However, only a few dealt with the major privacy-preservation challenge of group signatures; this consists in providing user anonymity and action traceability while not necessarily relying on a central and fully trusted authority. In this paper, we present \(\mathcal {DOGS}\), a privacy-preserving Blockchain-supported group signature scheme with a distributed Opening functionality. In \(\mathcal {DOGS}\), participants no longer depend on the Opener entity to identify the signer of a potentially fraudulent message; they instead collaborate and perform this auditing process themselves. We provide a high-level description of the \(\mathcal {DOGS}\) scheme and show that it provides both user anonymity and action traceability. Additionally, we prove how \(\mathcal {DOGS}\) is secure against message forgery and anonymity attacks.

A group signature scheme allows a group member to sign a message anonymously on behalf of the group. In case of a dispute, the group manager can reveal the actual identity of signer. In this paper, we propose an efficient group signature scheme, which divide the document M into m blocks and add some redundant bits to each message block, to avoid the conspiracy attack. The security of the proposed scheme is based on the difficulty of computing the discrete logarithm modulo for a composite number. The size of the group signature and the verification time of the group signature are equivalent to that of an individual signature.

As a special digital signature, a group signature scheme allows a group member to sign message on behalf of the group in an anonymous and unlinkability way, In case of a dispute, a designated group manager can reveal the actual identity of the signer. Anonymity and unlinkability are basic properties of group signature, which distinguish other signature schemes. Recently, based on a variant of Nyberg-Rueppel signature and knowledge proof signature, A.Miyaji et al proposed a new group signature scheme over only known-order group and claimed that the scheme is secure. Unfortunately, in this work we first show that the scheme has linkability, Namely, any one can distinguish whether two different group signatures are produced by the same signer, then give the corresponding attack on the scheme. Finally, we propose an improved scheme to overcome the above drawback:linkability and include a novel concept:individual revocation of signatures. At the same time, we give the security analysis of the improved scheme.

Ring signatures and group signatures are prominent cryptographic primitives offering a combination of privacy and authentication. They enable individual users to anonymously sign messages on behalf of a group of users. In ring signatures, the group, i.e. the ring, is chosen in an ad hoc manner by the signer. In group signatures, group membership is controlled by a group manager. Group signatures additionally enforce accountability by providing the group manager with a secret tracing key that can be used to identify the otherwise anonymous signer when needed. Accountable ring signatures, introduced by Xu and Yung (CARDIS 2004), bridge the gap between the two notions. They provide maximal flexibility in choosing the ring, and at the same time maintain accountability by supporting a designated opener that can identify signers when needed. We revisit accountable ring signatures and offer a formal security model for the primitive. Our model offers strong security definitions incorporating protection against maliciously chosen keys and at the same time flexibility both in the choice of the ring and the opener. We give a generic construction using standard tools. We give a highly efficient instantiation of our generic construction in the random oracle model by meticulously combining Camenisch’s group signature scheme (CRYPTO 1997) with a generalization of the one-out-of-many proofs of knowledge by Groth and Kohlweiss (EUROCRYPT 2015). Our instantiation yields signatures of logarithmic size (in the size of the ring) while relying solely on the well-studied decisional Diffie-Hellman assumption. In the process, we offer a number of optimizations for the recent Groth and Kohlweiss one-out-of-many proofs, which may be useful for other applications. Accountable ring signatures imply traditional ring and group signatures. We therefore also obtain highly efficient instantiations of those primitives with signatures shorter than all existing ring signatures as well as existing group signatures relying on standard assumptions.

Group signature schemes with forward secure properties

Universal forgery on a group signature scheme using self-certified public keys

A group signature scheme allows any group member to sign on behalf of the group in an anonymous and unlinkable fashion. In the event of a dispute, a designated trusted entity can reveal the identity of the signer. In this paper we propose a revocation method for group signatures based on the group signature scheme from C. Popescu., (2000). This method requires no time periods and offers constant length signatures.