Editorial: an Australian perspective on multidisciplinary engineering

This paper is to be presented at the Four Corners Regional Meeting in Farmington, New Mexico, September 9–10, 1966, Amarillo Regional Meeting in Amarillo, Texas, October 27–28, 1966and at the California Regional Meeting in Santa Barbara, California, November 16–19, 1966, and is considered the property of the Society of Petroleum Engineers. Permission to publish is hereby restricted to an abstract of not more than 300 words, with no illustrations, unless the paper is specifically released to the press by the Editor of the Journal of Petroleum Technology or the Executive Secretary. Such abstract should contain conspicuous acknowledgment of where and by whom the paper is presented. Publication elsewhere after publication in the Journal of Petroleum Technology or Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal is granted on request, providing proper credit is given that publication and the original presentation of the paper. Discussion of this paper is invited. Three copies of any discussion should be sent to the Society of Petroleum Engineers office. Such discussion may be presented at the above meeting and, with the paper, may be considered for publication in one of the two SPE magazines. Abstract The determination of optimum cementing technique is possibly the most valuable use for Cement Bond Logging. This con be accomplished through the use of a large number of bond logs made on wells where various cementing procedures were employed. Cement Bond Logs representing almost one-half million feet of cemented casing are herein used to compare the efficiencies of various cementing techniques. The study includes 352 bond logs from seven states. Results show that, in the average well, 71 percent of the cemented interval shows good bonding. Little variation is found to occur between overage percentage of bonding and geographic area, setting time, well temperature below 300 degrees F and depth. Rather wide variations are shown between percentage of bonding and the various oil companies, cement types, cement additives, mud types and casing size. The data presented appear to justify increased use of bond logs for selection of optimum cement type, cement additives, casing size, slurry weight and in consideration of other cementing variables. Only primary, single stage, cement jobs are studied so as to avoid using data influenced by squeeze cementing and fill-up problems. All logs studied employ the some type of equipment and calibration techniques. "Good bonding" and "cemented interval" are defined. Each log studied is assigned a numerical value of percentage of good bonding within the cemented interval. CBL (Cement Bond Logging) calibration methods and tool response are discussed to show that the quality of cement bonding in one well may be logically compared to that of other wells. An overage percentage of bonding from all wells studied is calculated and tabulations are made for each of the following variables: Geographic Location Cement Type Cement Volume Cement Additives Depth Range Slurry Weight Setting Time Caring Size Oil Company Maximum Temperature Measured Mud Type

The editors of <em>Journal of Energy and Power Technology </em>would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2023. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal's editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the Web of Science Reviewer Recognition Service (formerly Publons) (<a href="https://webofscience.com/wos/">https://webofscience.com/wos/</a>) to receive recognition. Of course, in these initiatives we are careful not to compromise reviewer confidentiality. Many reviewers see their work as a voluntary and often unseen part of their role as researchers. We are grateful for the time reviewers donate to our journals and the contribution they make.

This paper recommends how authors of statistical studies can communicate to general audiences fully, clearly, and comfortably. The studies may use statistical methods to explore issues in science, engineering, and society or they may address issues in statistics specifically. In either case, readers without explicit statistical training should have no problem understanding the issues, the methods, or the results at a non-technical level. The arguments for those results should be clear, logical, and persuasive. This paper also provides advice for editors of general journals on selecting high quality statistical articles without the need for exceptional work or expense. Finally, readers are also advised to watch out for some common errors or misuses of statistics that can be detected without a technical statistical background.

Wind energy has for many years been the fastest developing energy source. This is most easily demonstrated by some numbers. In 2006 a total of about 7.6 GW of new wind energy capacity was installed in Europe, an increase of more than 20% over the year before. Europe's cumulative wind power capacity has now reached more than 50 GW. At the beginning of 2007, the European Commission published its new energy strategy, which recommends a 20% target for the share of renewable energy in the EU by 2020. New initiatives have also been launched in the U.S. and Asia to comply with the need for a reduction in the emissions of CO2 and to create a cleaner environment based on renewable energy. Since 1980 the average size of wind turbines has grown by a factor of 100 from 50 kW to today's 5 MW machines. This enormous increase in size would not have been possible without the involvement of well-educated engineers and scientists. Research institutions and universities have contributed significantly to this development by providing basic knowledge as well as sophisticated software and measuring campaigns. In order to comply with the fast development in wind turbine technology there is a growing need for both well-educated scientists and for a further development of sophisticated predictive tools. For many years progress in technology development was presented at the European Wind Energy Conference (EWEC) conference organized by the European Wind Energy Association (EWEA). Because of the maturity of the industry and the many important topics involved in the continued development of wind power, the relative share of the technical and scientific sessions at EWEC has decreased dramatically. Hence it was desirable to find an alternative forum for the exchange of ideas and techniques within more specialized topics. As a consequence the European Academy of Wind Energy (EAWE) was created in 2003 in order to support education and research. It is the intention of this special topics conference to bring together scientists and engineers working in the fields of aerodynamics, aeroelasticity, aeroacoustics, aeroelastic control, wind conditions and wind farms.The first conference entitled `The Science of making Torque from Wind' was organized by DUWIND and held at Delft University, 19-21 April 2004. Owing to the great success of this conference where more than 60 papers were presented, we decided to follow it with a similar conference at the Technical University of Denmark (DTU) in Lyngby. It is our hope that others will take up the idea and continue this series of conferences. An explicit objective of the conference is to meet the high standards applied in several other branches of science and technology. The EAWE has the responsibility for the scientific quality of the content. All papers presented at the conference have had an abstract review as well as a full paper review by at least two reviewers. Out of the approximately 120 submitted abstracts, 86 papers were finally approved to be presented at the conference. It is expected that many of the papers will subsequently be published in scientific journals. Toward that end, the editors of Wind Energy and Journal of Solar Energy Engineering have expressed their interest in letting the most promising papers be subjected to a second review, for the purpose of having them published as journal papers. The EWEA staff is thanked for organizing the PR on the conference and the EAWE board members for valuable help in the reviewing process and for delivering session chairmen. Staff members at the Department of Mechanical Engineering at DTU and Risø were responsible for the organization. Special thanks go to DTU for providing lecture and meeting rooms, and to LM Glasfiber, Vestas Wind Systems and Siemens Wind Power for financial support. Jens Nørkær Sørensen, Conference Chairman 21 June 2007

Emeritus Professor James Liggett is internationally renowned for his textbooks and research in civil engineering hydraulics and fluid mechanics. After retiring from Cornell University in 1996, he moved to the warmer climate of Arizona and has continued to work on both research and textbooks. In 1998, he completed writing an interactive multimedia book on fluid mechanics with Professor David Caughey Liggett and Caughey 1998 . This was an innovative electronic book published on a CD by ASCE and showed great foresight and use of electronic media by the authors. It was very comprehensive and uses Matlab in an interactive mode. It has been a traveling companion of mine for some years now. Professor Liggett is the author of three books and has more than 100 publications, including 59 refereed journal articles in prestigious international journals. He has also supervised more than 50 Ph.D. and Masters students. Professor Liggett was also the editor of ASCEs Journal of Hydraulic Engineering from 1990 to 1995. You might be wondering why I have given so much background information on Professor Liggett. There is a reason. Most of us would like to have the time or occasion to sit down with some of the great men of our profession and discuss the subtleties of hydraulics and fluid mechanics with them and to learn from the experience and insight that they have gained over their careers. Many people will not have this opportunity with Professor Liggett. I feel that this new book by Professors Liggett and Caughey provides a mechanism to assist in this knowledge transfer and is a credit to the authors. Not only do the authors describe some of the essential elements of fluid mechanics, they have also taken trouble to code examples and provide graphical user interfaces to the Matlab programs that accompany the book. The book is not intended to replace an elementary fluid mechanics textbook but enhance it. You might be wondering if you or your students can afford another textbook. The good news with “Fluid Mechanics Solutions” is that it is free and can be downloaded from www.fluidmechsolns.com as a pdf file. The accompanying Matlab programs have easy-to-use graphical user interfaces, and the user has access to the code to examine how the computations were carried out if necessary. The Matlab codes are available for a small cost US$ 14.95 . Fluid Mechanics Solutions FMS covers a broad range of fluid mechanics ranging from hydrostatics, pipe flow, potential flow, open channel flow, turbomachinary, and compressible flow. FMS gives a concise introduction to the theory in each section. The text then quickly moves to outline the Matlab program that is used to provide insight into the particular problem. For many areas this approach is invaluable. For example, to be able to

South Africa in recent years has continued to create significant excitement in R&D. This excitement is being supported by government, the National Research Fund (NRF), Department of Science and Technology (DST), industry and research organisations with strong collaboration and support from the European Union through its framework programs and the AU. This conference therefore is organised to further report and add impetus to the emerging collaborations and provide researchers the avenue for networking.
 
 In 2008 the International conference on wireless broadband and ultra wideband communication) is being hosted by South Africa with stronger and more broad emphasis. The current emphasis reflects the growing interest in new areas of broadband communications. In 2008 the conference is being co-organised by South Africa’s leading research organisations. The core theme of the conference has been expanded to include applications of broadband communications, broadband biomedical applications and biotechnology. 
 
 The conference is co-organised by the French South African Technical Institute in Electronics (F’SATIE); Tshwane University of Technology (TUT), South Africa; Meraka Institute, South Africa; University of Technology Sydney, Australia, University of Cape Town and the Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT), Cape Town, South Africa and South African National Centre for Informatics, Knowledge Management and Knowledge Economy (SANCIKMKE).
 
 All papers submitted to this conference are always peer-reviewed. All accepted papers will be published in the IEEE Xplore digital library and the best papers from the conference will be published as a book of best papers by River Publishers of Denmark (as in 2007). Other short-listed papers will also be published in a special edition of the African Journal of Information and Communication Technology (AJICT).

Book Reviews

n/a

The editors of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2015.

Dear readers With the end of 2013 in sight, we are happy to publish this new fully English issue of Envigogika – our second English-only edition this year. The publishing of Envigogika over the last two years has been made possible thanks to project funding for the Interdisciplinary Sustainable Development Network (MOSUR project, OP VK), and we are very grateful for this support. Apart from Envigogika, our team is also preparing a number of events relating to sustainable development (as part of the MOSUR project), which we’d like to draw your attention to. The following events are planned for early 2014: • January 22nd: Practical workshop for educators: The World beyond 2015 – Education for Sustainability, more info here • February 17th and 19th:Academic article writing workshops for young researchers (PhDs, postdocs) with Assoc. Prof. Rodrigo Lozano - Associate Editor of an Elsevier academic journal (the Journal of Cleaner Production), more info here • February 18th: Workshop for academic journal editors with Assoc. Prof. Rodrigo Lozano, more info here • March 30th–April 5th: International Spring School on Sustainable Development 2014 for Bachelor and Master students, more info here. We would be very happy to welcome you to any of these planned events. Now, back to the current English issue of Envigogika, we are very pleased to bring you several interesting and inspiring articles by authors from the Czech Republic, as well as farther afield (Slovenia, Australia). The articles encompass a wide range of themes relating to environmental education (EE) and education for sustainable development (ESD), as well as sustainable development in more general terms. You can therefore read about: 1) Earthkeepers in the Czech Republic: Experience from the implementation process of an earth education programme (Reviewed Paper) by Jan Činčera and Bruce Johnson. ‘Earthkeepers’ is an earth education programme developed by the international Institute for Earth Education. The authors report on the implementation and subsequent evaluation process of this programme for the first time in the Czech Republic – in the Bohemian Paradise Ecological Education Centre (Středisko ekologické výchovy Český ráj). The results of the study suggested that participation in the programme had a positive impact on pupils’ ecological knowledge and attitudes, and the authors discuss the potential for further dissemination of the programme in the Czech Republic. 2) LET’s start a new LETS: Learning from a case study in Brno, Czech Republic (Reviewed Paper) by Lukáš Kala. The article introduces us to the so-called Local Exchange Trading System (LETS) and the system’s recent history in the Czech Republic, and then reports on RozLEŤSe – a LETS system in the city of Brno, Czech Republic. The authors specifically examine the socio-demographic characteristics, motivations and organisational operations of the group and focus on the potential threats to the continued work of the LETS system. 3) Ethics and Ecoethics by Josef Petr Ondok: Between the Sciences, Philosophy, and Theology (Reviewed Paper) by Zuzana Svobodová. This philosophical text analyses the work of Josef Petr Ondok – Czech theologian, philosopher and biologist – from the perspective of ethics and ecoethics. 4) The Purpose of Education: Australian and Slovenian perspectives in Education for Sustainability (Inspiration) by Phil Smith and Majda Naji. The authors present their view on the purpose of education in the context of sustainable development and include examples of education for sustainable development from their countries – Slovenia and Australia. 5) Environmental mining limits in the North Bohemian Lignite Region. Book review: Říha, M., Stoklasa, J., Lafarová, M., Dejmal, I., Marek, J., Pakosta, P., Beránek, K. Environmental mining limits in the North Bohemian Lignite Region. Společnost pro krajinu, Praha 2005. Translation: Petr Kurfürst. This book review written by Andrew Barton looks at the issue of mining limits in the region of North-West Bohemia in the Czech Republic and briefly summarises from the content of the book originally published in 2005 (in Czech, but later translated into English) supplemented with the most up-to-date information on the current situation. 6) Informational texts: A very interesting article on environmental literacy by Petr Daniš, originally published as a reviewed article in Czech (Envigogika 3/2013), has been translated into English and is now available to our readers. School teachers might be interested in the announcement of a school essay competition run by The Living Rainforest, a UK-based charity. 7) Related announcements: As we feel that dialogue on environmental education and ESD related issues in CZ should be promoted nationally and internationally, this time we are publishing two issues simultaneously (for the content of the Czech issue of Envigogika, see here). We wish you inspirational reading and a peaceful Christmas holiday, as well as a successful New Year. The Envigogika editorial team In Prague on 20. 12. 2013

Our first article “Enhancing Visualization Skills-Improving Options aNd Success” (the EnVISIONS pilot project) was part of a National Science Foundation grant from 2006 to 2009 and represents a collaboration of a number of institutions. This paper focuses on the post- secondary spatial visualization studies. This pilot study was designed to remove barriers to success for technologists and engineers. In our second article “Cam Design Projects in an Advanced CAD Course for Mechanical Engineers” Professor Hollie K. Ault presents projects of solid modeling aimed at modeling complex geometries in CAD-based Mechanical Engineering courses. Solving design problems for applications in machine design, specifically the design of cam mechanisms, has always been an interest of this Division. K. M. Waldenmeyer, a graduate student in the Department of Computer Graphics Technology at Purdue University, and Dr. Nate Hartman discuss their research in our third article “Standard Features and Their Impact on 3D Engineering Graphics.” Waldenmeyer and Hartman detail how a leading PDM package manages 3D geometry, how a standard feature interacts within a 3D part file, and how those conditions affect the way standard feature libraries are stored in a PDM system. They also discuss obstacles and recommendations, and how students facing these challenges upon entering the workforce can be prepared. Dr. Richard A. Meznarich, Dr. Ronald C. Shava, and Dr. Stanley L. Lightner from the University of Nebraska at Kearney discuss how engineering design graphics courses taught in colleges or universities should provide and equip students preparing for employment in the last article “A Curriculum Model: Engineering Design Graphics Course Updates Based on Industrial and Academic Institution Requirements.” The systematic approach used at the University of Nebraska at Kearney (UNK) to update and improve its existing multidiscipline engineering design graphics course is presented in this article. We hope you enjoy these articles. Since this is my last “Letter from the Editor” I would like to use this opportunity to thank Nancy Study, who has been my loyal Associate Editor and Skyping partner for the past three years, and who has agreed to continue her role under Bob Chin. Nancy, you are a sweetheart and I so appreciate your help. Thank you, Nancy. One special thank you goes to the “EDGD Guru,” Kathy Holliday-Darr. I have learned that if you need anything done, you ask Kathy. If you don’t know anything, you ask Kathy. If you want a good laugh, you call Kathy. Thank you, Kathy. As I end my term, it is time to say, “Good bye.” In Yucatec Maya (Mexico) one bids farewell until another day by saying, “Tu heel k’iin.” In my husband’s Irish Gaelic (Ireland) good bye is “Slán agat.” My Japanese relatives gently bow and say “Sayonara,” while my German relatives belt out, “Auf Wiedersehen!” Jon Duff can be heard yelling, “Mar sin leat” (Scottish Gaelic), while Mary Sadowski and Judy Birchman sing in harmony “Do widzenia!” (Polish). The ancient Egyptian good bye “Senebti” might be heard coming from Mostafa Mostafa. In Arizona all I hear is “Adiós.” Whether the words say “Au revoir” (French), “Salaam” (Arabic), or “Do svidanja” (Russian), they all mean good bye. That is why I like the Hawaiian way. When you say “Aloha,” it means good bye, but it also means “Hello.” “Aloha” means love, to remember with affection, mercy, kindness, grace, peace, and compassion – not just good bye. So as I end my three years as editor of the Engineering Design Graphics Journal, I wish you “Aloha!”

The Times, They Are Changing Again

This paper was prepared for the Oilfield Chemistry Symposium of the Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, to be held in Denver, Colo., May 24–25, 1973. Permission to copy is restricted to an abstract of not more than 300 words. Illustrations may not be copied. The abstract should contain conspicuous acknowledgment of where and by whom the paper is presented. Publication elsewhere after publication in the JOURNAL paper is presented. Publication elsewhere after publication in the JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY or the SOCIETY OF PETROLEUM ENGINEERS JOURNAL is usually granted upon requested to the Editor of the appropriate journal, provided agreement to give proper credit is made. provided agreement to give proper credit is made. Discussion of this paper is invited. Three copies of any discussion should be sent to the Society of Petroleum Engineers office. Such discussions may be presented at the above meeting and, with the paper, may be considered for publication in one of the two SPE magazines. Abstract The stability of colloidal dispersions consisting of a mixture of particles differing in chemical composition, particles differing in chemical composition, size, shape, and charge has been studied. The investigated systems were prepared from (a) two different preformed sols, (b) one preformed sol and the other precipitated in situ, and (c) two sols precipitated in situ, and (c) two sols simultaneously precipitated from homogeneous electrolyte solutions. The colloidal materials used in this work were polyvinyl chloride (PVC) latex, silica, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) latex, silica, and aluminum hydroxide, in various combinations. The properties of the mixed sols were followed as a function of pH and of electrolyte content by means of light scattering and electrokinetic measurements. The data were presented in terms of the precipitation/stability domains which delineate conditions resulting in dispersions of various degrees of stability. In precipitating systems attention was drawn to the solubilities of the individual sparingly soluble materials. Introduction Stability of colloidal dispersions depends on the properties of the suspended particles (their size, shape, charge, particles (their size, shape, charge, type of stabilizing ions, and degree of solvation) and on the nature and the concentrations of the solutes in the suspending medium. Specifically, the complexing among various solute species and the interactions of the solutes or their complexes with the stabilizing or constituent ions of the dispersed articles have a profound effect upon the sol properties. Systematic studies carried out over the last decade or so have led to an elucidation of a great many phenomena in colloid stability, particularly as related to solid/solute particularly as related to solid/solute interactions. The vast majority of the investigated systems consisted of one kind of dispersed particles. In particular, major effort was made to particular, major effort was made to produce such particles as uniform in produce such particles as uniform in size and shape as possible in order to simplify the model systems and to facilitate theoretical interpretations. In nature and in various applications, the colloidal dispersions usually consist of a mixture of particles which may differ greatly in chemical composition, size, shape, degree of solvation, and charge.

This paper was prepared for the Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME Symposium on Formation Damage Control, to be held in New Orleans, La., Feb. 7–8, 1974. Permission to copy is restricted to an abstract of not more than 300 words. Illustrations may not be copied. The abstract should contain conspicuous acknowledgment of where and by whom the paper is presented. Publication elsewhere after publication in the JOURNAL paper is presented. Publication elsewhere after publication in the JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY or the SOCIETY OF PETROLEUM ENGINEERS JOURNAL is usually granted upon requested to the Editor of the appropriate journal, provided agreement to give proper credit is made. provided agreement to give proper credit is made. Discussion of this paper is invited. Three copies of any discussion should be sent to the Society of Petroleum Engineers office. Such discussion may be presented at the above meeting and, with the paper, may be considered for publication in one of the two SPE magazines. Abstract In the last few years, radical changes have been designed into gravel packing systems that have upgraded and modified both surface and subsurface methods of sand control completions. One of the most significant developments, a "One-Trip" Gravel Packing System, has been successfully field Packing System, has been successfully field tested on numerous wells in Louisiana Gulf Coast offshore fields. The system utilizes a new type of retrievable packer with seal bore assembly mated to a crossover tool that contains an extension assembly with failsafe valving and setting tool. The system is adaptable for use in single and dual gravel pack completions or multiple alternate zone completions. Field experience indicates that the new system is flexible, simple, and improves gravel packing methods and results. Its use has reduced rig time required to gravel pack wells and has decreased the possibility of damaging producing formations. The "One-Trip" Gravel Packing System is designed to be used with and take advantage of new and recently developed techniques for preventing and minimizing formation damage. preventing and minimizing formation damage. The gravel packing method utilizing the system starts with strict adherence to specifications for completely clean filtered work fluids. These fluids are spotted in the well prior to perforating and are utilized through prior to perforating and are utilized through final completion. Perforations are opened, completely cleaned and washed to create a cavity in the producing zone opposite the perforations. perforations. The first and second stage gravel pack is performed utilizing a clean work string, filtered fluids and the crossover by-pass features of the new system. The entire procedure requires only one trip to set packer procedure requires only one trip to set packer and a two-stage pack. The retrievable seal bore packer, tied into the top of the liner, is set during the "One-Trip" operation and remains in the hole to serve as the production packer as well as a liner packer. The retrievable packer will allow remedial operations such as washing the liner and screen or chemical treatment of producing zone. This packer allows for producing zone. This packer allows for complete retrieval of the screen, liner and packer with a minimum of time and trouble. packer with a minimum of time and trouble.

This paper was prepared for the 47th Annual Fall Meeting of the Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, to be held in San, Antonio, Tex., Oct. 8–11, 1972 Permission to copy is restricted to an abstract of not more than 300 words. Illustrations may not be copied. The abstract should contain conspicuous acknowledgment of where and by whom the paper is presented. Publication elsewhere after publication in the JOURNAL paper is presented. Publication elsewhere after publication in the JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY or the SOCIETY OF PETROLEUM ENGINEERS JOURNAL is usually granted upon requested to the Editor of the appropriate journal, provided agreement to give proper credit is made. provided agreement to give proper credit is made. Discussion of this paper is invited. Three copies of any discussion should be sent to the Society of Petroleum Engineers Office. Such discussions may be presented at the above meeting and, with the paper, may be considered for publication in one of the two SPE magazines. Abstract In a wildcat well or early in the life of a reservoir, drill stem test data is quite often the only means available to estimate reservoir values of transmissibility, effective permeability, well bore damage, well bore permeability, well bore damage, well bore stimulation and productivity. The Horner pressure buildup method is generally accepted as the best means of determining reservoir data from short time tests such as a drill stem test. The Horner method requires that the steady state or straight line portion of the buildup curve be reached. For various reasons, approximately 25% of all drill stem tests run do not meet this requirement. This group of wells are the ones with the highest economic risk involved in making a decision on whether to abandon or complete. A 1971 paper published by Mr. McKinley, "Transmissibility from Afterflow Dominated Pressure Buildup Data", gives a means to Pressure Buildup Data", gives a means to calculate reservoir values when pressure buildup curves are still under the influence of afterflow. A research program was recently completed using drill stern test data to calculate transmissibility and effective permeability by the McKinley method and to compare the results obtained against the Horner method. Fifty drill stem tests were chosen for analysis that had an appreciable afterflow period and steady state period on the same buildup curve. The comparison of results was very close as long as the basic assumptions were not deviated from too far. Most drill stem tests, where it is necessary to use the afterflow buildup method, do deviate considerably from these basic assumptions. Therefore, it is necessary to use a correction factor in interpreting the afterflow method.