Ekspresi Fatis Melayu Belitung

Aceh is a region that has a rich historical and cultural heritage, which reflects its civilization and identity from time to time. However, the threat to the preservation of these historical relics is increasing over time, especially due to natural factors, urbanization, and social changes. Digitalization has emerged as a potential solution to address these challenges. The digitization of historical and cultural heritage offers a new way to preserve, access, and promote Aceh's cultural heritage more broadly. This research aims to explore the role of digital technology in the preservation of Aceh's cultural heritage, as well as its impact on local and global communities. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study on the Aceh Historical Trail Map (acehhistorytrailmap.id). Data were collected through in-depth interviews with stakeholders, document analysis, and observation of platform usage. The analysis was conducted thematically to identify the benefits of digitalization, the technology used, and challenges in preserving cultural heritage. The study focuses on historical sites in East Aceh, such as Perlak and Idi, as the research locus. Through the analysis of case studies from the historical heritage digitization project in Aceh, this study examines the effectiveness of digital devices such as digital imaging, virtual tours, and online platforms in documenting and disseminating important elements of Acehnese culture, such as: artifacts and historical sites. The results of this research are expected to provide insight into effective strategies for cultural heritage preservation through technology, as well as the potential for collaboration between stakeholders in realizing sustainable digital transformation for the preservation of Aceh's historical heritage.

The project demonstrates the use of modern technologies for preservation and presentation of the cultural and historical heritage. The idea is a database of cultural and historical heritage sites to be created applying threedimensional laser scanning technology and a combination of geodetic and photogrammetric methods and shooting techniques. For the purposes of carrying out this project, we have focused on some heritage sites in the central part of Sofia. We decided to include these particular buildings because of the fact that there is hardly another city in the world where within a radius of 400 m are located four temples of different religions - Jewish, Muslim, Orthodox and Catholic. In the recent years, preservation of cultural heritage has been increasingly linked to objectives of sustainable development. Today, it has become clear that cultural heritage is also an economic resource that should be used for further economic development (through compulsory preservation of its authentic cultural values). There has been a more active public debate on the role of cultural heritage, regarding the following topics: improving the quality of life through development of cultural tourism, leading to an increase of the employment rate, constantly improving the business climate, etc. Cultural heritage preservation is becoming one of the priority objectives of the urban development policy. The focus has been shifted to new ways of preservation, mainly combinations of sophisticated technological solutions and their application for the purposes of preservation and dissemination of the cultural heritage.

The article presents the results of research on the prospects for developing tourist routes. In the modern world, where globalization and rapid technological advancement significantly alter our way of life, the preservation and promotion of cultural heritage gain particular importance. A crucial task today is the preservation and promotion of national cultural heritage. One of the effective ways to achieve this goal is the development of tourist routes, which not only preserve historical and cultural sites but also make them accessible to a wide audience. Cultural heritage can serve as an important factor in the development of tourism and the economy. Tourist routes not only contribute to the preservation and promotion of historical and cultural landmarks but also foster regional economic growth by attracting tourists. Research on these routes helps create conditions for the sustainable development of tourism. This is especially important in the context of globalization and the growing interest in cultural tourism, which allows countries and regions to maintain their identity and cultural uniqueness. Research on tourist routes helps identify new opportunities for infrastructure development, the creation of new jobs, and the improvement of the quality of life for local residents. Cultural tourism is a form of tourism that focuses on the cultural aspects of a destination, including its history, heritage, arts, customs, and traditions. It involves visiting places of historical or cultural significance, such as museums, galleries, historical sites, and cultural festivals, with the intent to learn about and experience the local culture and lifestyle. Tourist routes are a powerful means of promoting cultural heritage. By providing structured and engaging ways for visitors to experience cultural sites, these routes help preserve and celebrate the unique cultural identities of different regions. They offer educational benefits, support local economies, and foster a deeper appreciation for cultural diversity and heritage. The article characterizes the main forms of tourist routes, highlighting their role in the preservation of cultural heritage.

Cultural tourism is a type of tourism associated with educational, experiential trips of heritage, culture, and personal enrichment. One of the types of cultural tourism – cultural routes is based on significant tangible and intangible cultural heritage, its actualization, cultural phenomena, historical personalities, etc. The article aims to clarify the requirements for a country to join the Council of Europe’s Napoleonic Cultural Route “Destination Napoleon”. The problem of this studie – it is not clear whether joining the Council of Europe cultural route “Destination Napoleon” will have a positive impact on the preservation of cultural heritage. The aim: find out the requirements for joining the Council of Europe’s Napoleon Cultural Route (Destination Napoleon) regarding the preservation of cultural heritage. Research tasks: 1) To define the concept of the cultural route of the Council of Europe, emphasizing the Napoleonic cultural route 2) Find out the requirements for joining the Council of Europe’s cultural routes; 3) To find out the opinion of experts on Lithuania’s compliance with the requirements of membership of the Council of Europe “Napoleon’s cultural route” (Destination Napoleon) regarding the preservation of cultural heritage. Research methodology. Analysis of scientific literature sources, current reports in the media, European Council documents and statistical data; A qualitative study was carried out – an expert interview, based on a pre-prepared questionnaire; formulation of conclusions. The research showed that the absence of the necessary association prevents Lithuania from becoming a member of the “Destination Napoleon” project, which prevents the implementation of further requirements, when joining would have a positive impact on the preservation of cultural heritage in Lithuania.

This article explores the role of Astana, the capital of Kazakhstan, as a center for the preservation and development of cultural heritage in the context of modernization and urbanization. Building upon global scholarship on capital cities and cultural heritage, the study situated Astana within a comparative framework of relocated capitals such as Brasília, Abuja, an d Islamabad. It demonstrates how the Kazakhstani experience reflects both continuity with global patterns of symbolic nationbuilding and unique regional characteristics shaped by post-Soviet transformations. A comprehensive literature review highlights key research on world capitals (Rome, Paris, London, Beijing, Tokyo), emphasizing the integration of heritage into urban development strategies. Specific studies of Astana reveal its dual role as a modern metropolis with futuristic architecture and as a custodian of national traditions and cultural identity. Methodologically, the research combines observation, field expeditions, questionnaires, expert interviews, GIS mapping, and remote sensing techniques, complemented by comparative and content analysis. This integrated approach enabled the development of a cultural and recreational resources map of the Astana agglomeration, highlighting administrative and business districts, cultural and sports facilities, as well as suburban recreational zones within a 20-minute accessibility radius. The findings indicate that cultural heritage and values not only shape urban identity but also significantly contribute to internal and inbound tourism. Heritage -related initiatives expand leisure opportunities for local residents, strengthen social cohesion, and enhance the attractiveness of the capital as a destination. The article concludes that integrating cultural heritage management into urban planning is crucial for sustainable development and for positioning Astana as a vibrant cultural hub in Central Asia.

The purpose of the work is to clarify the role and features of the development of watercolour painting as a means of artistic fixation of cultural heritage monuments of Ukraine in the mid-19th – early 20th centuries, to highlight the function of documentation, to determine the impact on modern practices of preserving historical and cultural heritage and reconstruction of lost objects, subjects, and works. The focus of the study is the work of Vasyl Tropinin, Taras Shevchenko, Konstantin Trutovskyi, Serhii Vasylkivskyi, Olena Kulchytska and others. The research methodology is based on a cultural-historical approach in assessing the conditions and trends in the development of watercolour, its function in the creative interpretation of reality and fixation of cultural monuments, their documentation; historical and source analysis made it possible to select, systematise, review and evaluate literary sources in determining the state of development of the topic; a hermeneutic approach in combination with iconographic analysis was used in the processing of factual material, contributing to the clarification of the time and place of the depicted monuments, their condition at the time of creative fixation of the general appearance, individual elements and details; a comparative analysis of the creative manners of artists in depicting monuments revealed their value orientations and worldview principles in the formation of the ‘visual archive’ of Ukraine. The scientific novelty of the article is determined by a new approach to assessing the role of watercolour painting in the preservation of cultural heritage. Conclusions. Watercolour as an artistic and documentary means of recording objects and cultural monuments during the 19th and early 20th centuries contributed to the formation of a ‘visual archive’, which plays a multifunctional role in the system of preservation and study of cultural heritage. In this context, watercolour combines science, technology, art, cultural values, representing the past and the present. Its contribution to the development of interdisciplinary research, restoration, museum work, digital education, and humanities is significant in the context of modern challenges of protecting cultural heritage during the Russian-Ukrainian war.

UNESCO declared The Cosmological Axis of Yogyakarta as one of the world heritage sites of Indonesia on 18 September 2023. The establishment by UNESCO has consequences on the importance of Destination Branding The Cosmological Axis of Yogyakarta by stakeholders, in particular the local government, in supporting the preservation of sustainable culture and tourism. The purpose of the research is to learn the strategy of developing destination branding on the Yogyakarta Philosophy Axis to support the local government's preservation of cultural heritage. This research method is through in-depth interviews, observations, and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with the Department of Culture (Dinas Kebudayaan/Kundha Kabudayan) in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, which is involved in the development of the philosophical axis area. The results of this research show that the government, especially the Department of Culture, has played an essential role in developing the destination branding strategy of The Cosmological Axis to improve the public's understanding of the values and efforts of preservation of cultural heritage. As a UNESCO World Heritage site, the Philosophy Axis has opportunities to increase tourist attractiveness based on cultural heritage. However, there are challenges, such as public awareness in preserving such cultural heritage, sustainable tourism, disaster mitigation, and the socio-cultural existence of communities around The Cosmological Axis of Yogyakarta.

Tangible cultural heritage is the legacy of physical artifacts from past generation in a nation. Indonesia is a nation which is rich in cultural heritage. Surakarta is a city that has a lot of historic buildings and other physical cultural heritage. Preservation of the cultural heritage of Surakarta can be done in various ways. One way to preserve it is to create an integrated documentation and renewable. In this research, we try to build Geographical Information System (GIS) based on web. The making of GIS of Surakarta cultural heritage, intended to facilitate the inventory, monitoring, follow-up and can be used as a reference for determining policy related to the cultural heritage conservation. Surakarta GIS is complemented with a function to register the historical heritage. Registration can be done by either the local community or the manager of the historical heritage. This function can also assist the government in obtaining the data of other historical heritages that have not been registered, so that the heritage can be protected by the government. The system is built using MapServer and PostgreSQL to manage spatial data.

Objective: Based on the unique interactive characteristics of augmented reality (AR) technology, this study explores its application in the design research of cultural heritage protection and inheritance. By leveraging AR's advantages, such as efficient user experience, integration of the real and virtual worlds, and overlaying of virtual and real information, this study aims to investigate new approaches to cultural heritage protection and inheritance. Method: This study analyzes existing AR application cases both domestically and internationally, explores the role of AR technology in the field of cultural heritage protection and inheritance, and summarizes the design principles of AR technology in cultural heritage protection and inheritance projects. Taking Suzhou's cultural heritage as an example, this study conducts AR project design and implementation targeting cultural heritage, and through the project, conducts empirical research to prove the practical feasibility of the design principles, providing some reference for the application of AR technology in cultural heritage protection and inheritance. Results: AR technology has to some extent addressed the challenges posed by traditional preservation methods, effectively enhancing the public's understanding of cultural heritage and their willingness to participate, and promoting the revitalization and diversified utilization of cultural heritage. Conclusion: This study validated the advantages of AR technology in the preservation and inheritance of cultural heritage, confirming that AR technology can promote the preservation and inheritance of cultural heritage and endow it with new vitality.

The article gives an overview of digital projects concerned with urban cultural heritage and based on the use of database technologies. Since the 2000s, these technologies have become an integral part of the practice of preservation and study of urban cultural heritage. The popularity of database technologies in this field can be explained primarily by their effectiveness in storing, editing, searching through, and analyzing information. Systems of database management used in digital projects ensure the documentation of various historical sources (written, visual, oral, etc.), phenomena, and processes, as well as provide additional opportunities for presentation and visualization of study results. Undoubtedly, the use of database technologies has a positive effect on the theory, methods, and instruments of the preservation and study of urban cultural heritage. At the same time, the use of database technologies and creation of digital archives (databanks) cannot be seen as a goal in itself and as the end result of digital projects devoted to urban cultural heritage. Instead, the practicability and specifics of building databases should be determined by their potential impact on the handling of certain pragmatic and conceptual tasks. It should also be borne in mind that database technologies usually do not ensure a complete transfer of information from primary sources to the electronic format. Rather, databanks being created today will become sources for the next generation. The prospects of using database technologies for the preservation and study of urban cultural heritage also remain subject to debate. After all, at the present stage it is important not only to expand the thematic focus of databases, but also to combine them with other information technologies, such as geographic information systems, 3D modeling, augmented and virtual reality, visual storytelling, and others.

Abstract. This contribution examines the challenges posed to the cultural heritage documentation community (the CIPA community and others) in implementing a preventive conservation approach of the built heritage in today’s society. The “DNA” of Preventive Conservation. Various authors so far support the argument that preventive conservation is an effective way to respond to the challenges society faces with the preservation of its Cultural Heritage (Van Balen, 2013). A few decades of experiences with the application of preventive conservation in the field of immovable heritage in the form of Monumentenwacht in The Netherland and in Flanders have shown that a good monitoring of the state of preservation with a strong push for maintenance activities contributes to more preservation of authenticity, to more cost-effective preservation and to empowering society in dealing with heritage preservation. (Cebron, 2008) An analysis of these and similar experiences demonstrates that these “Monumentenwacht” activities represent only a part of what could be named a preventive conservation system. Other fields in which prevention is advocated for its higher efficiency, show the importance of system thinking in the development of improved strategies. Applying this approach to the field of the immovable heritage, referring to the initial results shown by the Monumentenwacht practices, it becomes clear that different dimension are at stake simultaneously: the preservation of authenticity or integrity, the management of resources and the connection with society. It shows that the analysis of challenges in heritage preservation and the development of strategies is à priori multifaceted and therefor has a certain level of complexity. The sustainability of the preservation of cultural heritage buildings and sites can be measured according to its multiple economic, social, environmental and cultural support. The Cultural Heritage Counts for Europe report shows that the more diverse the support is for cultural heritage preservation actions, the more those actions will contribute to sustainable development and the more sustainable the preservation of that heritage will be. This reasoning has led to the “upstream approach” which argues that cultural heritage preservation can benefit from a variety of resources which do not necessarily have to be earmarked for it à priori (CHCfE, 2015). It leads to arguing for an holistic and integrated approach for cultural heritage preservation that taps into different kinds of resources, which requires acknowledgement of the complex nature of understanding and managing heritage values into an overall societal development goal (Vandesande, 2017). Challenges in the Cultural Heritage documentation field. Documentation needs in the field of cultural heritage preservation therefor are challenged by the complexity of the sources of information, by the need to integrate them in an holistic tool and by the way they are able to dialogue with society. 1. The proper analysis of heritage requires increasing efforts by the diversity of sources and the complexity of their interaction.This (complexity acknowledging) analysis should be linked to monitoring tools which eventually contribute to monitor culturalheritage values. This monitoring is also a documentation challenge as it has to be pertinent and dynamic. Analysis andmonitoring are important as they are the basis for understand threats that impact heritage values. 2. As resources for heritage development or heritage guided development can have a variety of origins, their documentation andanalysis –compared to the traditional curative object oriented preservation- should be extended to include many more possibleresources. Experiences exist with documentation of the physical environment of heritage sites but the upstream approachpoints toward a larger number of development resources that can be tapped into. This implies the need to identify newapproaches, to document them and to integrate them in a dynamic analytical process. 3. As preventive conservation focusses not only on the empowerment of the owners and managers but also on a betterintegration of a wider group of stakeholders, the question of ownership and continuous co-creation challenges thedocumentation process as well. 4. Longevity of documentation: the need for continuous updating and monitoring as part of the cyclic approach of PC challengesthe longevity, accessibility of the documentation itself and the tools that will use them in the future.

This article presents the results of a graduate employment study commissioned by the University of Tartu Viljandi Culture Academy, focusing on alumni of craft programmes. The findings are contextualized within broader educational, cultural, and economic frameworks. The article aims to analyse the modes of professional application of craft education, evaluate the adequacy of existing metrics, and outline future directions for the development of craft education and entrepreneurship. The article begins with an overview of the forms and historical background of craft education, highlighting the roles of formal, non-formal, and informal learning in the development of craft skills. Particular attention is given to the evolution of vocational and higher education since 1988, when the first traditional craft programmes were established. The development of various schools and curricula is described, with emphasis on the connection between tradition-based craft education, national identity, and cultural heritage. The analysis of previous studies reveals statistical and methodological limitations that hinder accurate assessment of the sector’s impact. Key issues include the ambiguity of EMTAK (Estonian Classification of Economic Activities) codes, the fragmentation of craft entrepreneurship across multiple sectors, and the exclusion of seasonal and part-time work from official statistics. Although earlier studies by OSKA have addressed the relationship between craft education and the labour market, their methodologies fail to account for the specific characteristics of the field.The methodology of the current study differs from previous approaches by focusing on alumni’s self-assessment of the relevance of their work to their field of study. The sample included graduates from vocational, applied higher education, and master’s programmes, with a total of 349 respondents. The survey was followed by in-depth interviews that explored alumni motivations, learning experiences, and career choices. A central finding of the study is the diverse ways in which craft education graduates engage with the labour market. Those fully employed in their field work primarily as teachers or trainers, with fewer operating as entrepre neurs and even fewer as salaried employees. The analysis of EMTAK codes revealed that alumni businesses span a wide range of activity sectors, under scoring the need for more appropriate metrics. The study found that 18% of vocational graduates, 33% of applied higher education graduates, and 56% of master’s graduates are fully employed in their field. When including partial employment, seasonal work, and activities partially related to their field of study, the figures rise to 55% for vocational education, 77% for applied higher education, and 82% for master’s level. These results demonstrate that the impact of craft education on the labour market is significantly greater than current statistical indicators suggest. Moreover, the data show a clear correlation between higher levels of education and increased professional engagement. The article highlights the need to consider the specific characteristics of the craft sector when evaluating educational outcomes. These include parttime and seasonal work, volunteer activities, and the application of craft skills in other professions. For example, craft skills are used in teaching, museum work, and community activities – contexts that are not reflected in official labour statistics but hold cultural and social value. Looking ahead, the article emphasizes the importance of craft skills in the context of sustainability. The growing relevance of circular economy practices, repair culture, and material reuse creates new opportunities for the application of craft expertise. Craft also plays a vital role in supporting mental health and fostering community cohesion. In regional employment, craft offers viable livelihood options in peripheral areas and for individuals with special needs, contributing to social inclusion. The article outlines three conceptual directions for craft entrepreneur ship: creative craft, skilled craft, and traditional craft. Creative craft links craft with design and innovation; skilled craft encompasses various service-oriented artisans and other service provider; and traditional craft focuses on the preservation of cultural heritage. Clarifying and integrating these directions into official business statistics is essential for the strategic development and support of the sector. In conclusion, the article argues that new, sector-specific metrics are needed to evaluate craft education and entrepreneurship, taking into account the unique features of creative industries. A political consensus on the definition of craft entrepreneurship is also necessary to ensure the sector’s sustainability and attractiveness. Craft education should not be dismissed as mere hobbyism – it is a vital cultural, economic, and social resource that requires systematic and informed development. Keywords: professional craft education, craft entrepreneurship, craft education application, craft education effectiveness research, alumni survey

Cultural heritage stands as one of the fundamental characteristics that define the national and cultural identity of a particular people, while also possessing a universal component that belongs to all of humanity. The preservation of cultural heritage represents a core value within the social order of the Republic of North Macedonia (RNM). Multiculturalism is an integral element and value upon which social interaction in Macedonian society has historically and currently relied. The country's location in the heart of the Balkan peninsula contributes to its exposure to various cultural influences. Historically, the territory of the RNM. has been a crossroads for different cultures and spheres of influence, whose material legacies command great interest. Each has left its mark on the material and spiritual culture of the Macedonian nation and the ethnic communities residing in this territory. The history of the RNM, with its multinational and multireligious social structure, ensures the protection of cultural heritage within these frameworks. The safeguarding of cultural heritage in the country is carried out within the constitutional and legal provisions, as well as in accordance with the obligations undertaken through the ratification of international agreements on cultural heritage protection. This paper primarily analyzes the constitutional framework for the protection of cultural heritage. The highest legal act in the RNM. elevates cultural heritage to a constitutional category, establishing it as a foundation for the development of economic relations. The next category of analysis in our paper is the administrative protection of cultural heritage. The analysis includes a general assessment of the administrative bodies directly involved in ensuring the protection of cultural heritage, their powers, and the methods by which this protection is implemented. The comparative method employed in the paper offers an overview of the degree of harmonization of the legal framework with the international standards that the RNM has committed to respect. A special focus of the paper is dedicated to the protection of cultural heritage in the event of natural disasters. In the conclusion, an evaluation of the existing legal protection of cultural heritage is provided, along with proposals and solutions for improving the legal framework and its implementation, with the goal of achieving greater compliance with international protection standards.

The study was conducted in Highland Village, Upper Calarian Zamboanga City to analyze the role of women in the Yakan weaving particularly in the maintenance and preservation of cultural heritage. Specifically the study aimed to describe the role of women in the Yakan weaving, describe the Yakan weaving as it relates to the culture of the people in the Yakan village of Upper Calarian, Zamboanga City, determine the factors that preserve the Indigenous knowledge that is unique to the Yakan culture. Dtermine the perceived contribution of Yakan weaving to the social, economic and environmental aspects of the Yakan community; and Reommend development strategies and policies to ensure the sustainability of the weaving industry. Survey was used with a total enumeration of 52 household respondents in assessing the preservation of cultural heritage. An FGD with 15 weavers residing in the village was conducted. Questionnaire was administered on the Samal settlement to test the reliability of the instrument. Data was processed and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software. Results of the study revealed that the continuous weaving activities of the local people developed the trait of the next generation. It developed a shared responsibility of maintaining the knowledge and preserving the endogenous craft in the Yakan tribe. Weaving portrays the condition and relevance of community life as well as understanding the nature and cultural characteristics of the Yakan people. Keywords - Cultural technology, Social capital, Cultural Heritage, Indigenous knowledge Cooperation and collaboration, self reliance and community control, Capacity building and Living with ecological limits

Climate change is a global challenge and one of its major impacts is on flooding, which has become more unpredictable and destructive in both the UK and Thailand since the beginning of the 21st century. Designing with water (DWW) and natural-based solutions are emerging as some of the most important approaches for dealing with climate change and adaptation for a resilient future. Flooding is a natural phenomenon and in the UK, and Thailand, as in many other parts of the world, local communities over millennia have learnt to live and co-exist with seasonal inundation, and their tangible and intangible heritage and lifeways celebrate their relationship with water. However, in part to the increase in the frequency and severity of floods but also exacerbated by rapid urbanization and floodplain encroachment, has resulted in many nationally and internationally important heritage sites in Thailand being at increasing risk because of longer inundation periods during the rainy season. In addition, climate change has made flooding in Thailand more unpredictable and widespread. Fragmented planning and management in the cultural sector, particularly the lack of integration between regulatory organisations responsible for flood protection, is also a major problem. The study investigates several successful DWW case studies from the built environment that highlights good practice and international expertise that will help scholars and practitioners designing in flood pone regions to develop their knowledge and strategies. These cases present integrative whole system approaches, which put DWW and more natural-based solutions at the heart of their design strategies for climate adaptation front and centre of cultural heritage management and preservation. The paper presents a series of recommendations to turn flood threat into an opportunity to improve water resources and community resilience at regional and community.