Energy-based coefficient selection for digital watermarking in wavelet domain

Image watermarking in wavelet domain has been emerged as an interesting area of research. However, classical wavelet transform, like DWT, lacks in providing directional information and is shift sensitive. These limitations can be overcome with the use of NSCT (Nonsubsampled contourlet transform), which is shift invariant and provides rich directional information. Therefore, in this work, we propose NSCT based image watermarking using MSVD (Multiresolution singular value decomposition). High directionality of NSCT provides better reconstruction of watermarked images, whereas MSVD provides invariance against geometrical attacks. Experiments have been performed over benchmark datasets. Qualitative and quantitative analysis in terms of PSNR (Peak signal to noise ratio) and CC (Correlation coefficients) shows the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

The real estate market has to respond quickly to all global and local changes, such as the development of digital technologies, new legislation, the COVID-19 pandemic, and shrinking demand, and each major market player reacts accordingly. The government announces a new strategy in an effort to have information technologies introduced by its official agencies and the population and establish an electronic government system. Developers launch virtual sales and 3D tours, willing to attract new buyers from distant locations, cooperate with banks and provide assistance in obtaining digital signatures. Banks offer new services by consolidating online property search engines and mortgage issuance. SberBank’s DOMclick service is described in the article in detail. Evenconservative notaries have joined the process: now they can notarize online deals and register electronic purchase and sale contracts.Online deals have several steps: choosing and visiting the property, entering into a preliminary contract and making an advance payment, performing the due diligence, preparing for the deal, having a mortgage issued and the deal registered, and now each step can be made online.Changes have affected both sales contracts and rental agreements. A leading Internet company has chosen to rent properties only from those landlords, who register rental agreements on its platform in the capacity of partners and have digital signatures to sign their electronic contracts.New services have become possible thanks to the development of new digital and online technologies, new tools appear to meet the market needs. Although some risks arise at certain stages, online technologies have been successfully adopted by the real estate market.

In this paper, we propose a complete architecture based on digital watermarking techniques to solve the issue of copyright protection and authentication for digital contents. We apply invisible watermarking to establish the copyright protection. Host and watermark images in the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) domain is considered with Human Vision System (HVS) models. In Images, the colored images (24 bits/pixel) that consist of RGB values of colors are a better environment for embedding data than the grey scaled images (8 bits/pixel), and usually data are hidden in the redundant bits which are usually the least significant bits(blue color) of the image since their change won't be noticeable by the human eye system. The simulation results show that the proposed method provides better performance under most attacks including JPEG compression. (6 pages)

In this paper, the spread spectrum watermarking in wavelet domain is optimised by using a number of techniques to make it more efficient when executed by a platform running on mobile devices. The proposed techniques can be executed efficiently and consume less computational and power resources as compared to the conventional spread spectrum-based watermarking. The proposed technique represents binary bits in the watermark using symbols, wherein each symbol represents at least 2 binary bits. A symbol is then mapped into a pseudo noise sequence and embedded in the digital image. Our analytical results show that our schemes reduce the number of operations required for watermarking by ∼50%, while our experimental results show that our schemes save about ∼59 and ∼67% in processing time and energy consumption, respectively.

With the development of digital technology, there are many problems in voice protection and authorization. As a solution, digital watermarking can solve these problems. The principle of this method is to detect tampering by embedding the watermark in the original signal. In this paper, a speech watermarking method based on Quantization Index Modulation(QIM) and double Discrete Cosine Transform(DDCT) is proposed. Firstly, the original signal is segmented into frames and DCT is applied to all these frames. The AC coefficients which contain the details of the signal are chosen for DCT again to reduce the distortions caused by watermarking. The QIM technique is employed for embedding watermarks into the AC coefficients after the DDCT, and we select the most appropriate quantization step so that the modifications of signal will not cause serious distortion in speech quality. Each AC coefficient of one frame is embedded with one-bit watermark, and the majority voting is used to extract the watermark for better robustness. In terms of robustness and fragility, we evaluate the proposed approach. The experimental results show that the proposed method can not only provide satisfactory robustness and tamper resistance to signal processing, but also meet the requirements of non audible knowledge.

Within the development of digital technologies, dental professionals aim to integrate virtual diagnostic articulated casts obtained by using intraoral scanners (IOSs), the mandibular motion of the patient recorded by using an optical jaw tracking system, and the information provided by computerized occlusal analysis systems. This article describes the various digital technologies available for obtaining the digital occlusion of a patient and outlines its challenges and limitations. The factors that influence the accuracy of the maxillomandibular relationship of diagnostic casts obtained by using IOSs are reviewed, as well as the occurrence of occlusal collisions or mesh interpenetrations. Different jaw tracking systems with varying digital technologies including ultrasonic systems, photometric devices, and artificial intelligence algorithms are reviewed. Computerized occlusal analysis systems for detecting occlusal contacts in a time sequential manner with the pressure distribution on the occlusal surfaces are reviewed. Digital technologies provide powerful diagnostic and design tools for prosthodontic care. However, the accuracy of these digital technologies for acquiring and analyzing the static and dynamic occlusion need to be further analyzed. Efficiently implementing digital technologies into dental practice requires an understanding of the limitations and state of current development of the digital acquisition methods for digitizing the static and dynamic occlusion of a patient by using IOSs, digital jaw trackers, and computerized occlusal analysis devices.

In the last 15 years, the interest of Indonesian people in the history and study of history has increased very rapidly. This is indicated by the number and various type of historical books sold in bookstores and the posting of different historical events on social media. However, the history taught at school and university lecture does not seem to improve. The efforts of writing and teaching history lessons/courses still focus on models and the results of the formal study which tend to be a state-centric in nature. In particular, historical writing and teaching have faced challenges of the emerging changes caused by the global connectivity of information technology as a historical fact of the contemporary world that is growing. The contemporary world presents a new challenge in the study and teaching of history through the development of digital communications technology. This paper reviews historical positions and historians in the rapid dynamics of the development of digital communications technology. Why and how historians should develop a proper perspective in placing their studies in the current era of digital technology? Papers process data using digital technology and contrast it with the model and approach of historical study in Indonesia so far.

The purpose of this research was to study the need assessment of internal supervision in secondary schools under the jurisdiction of the Office of Basic Education Commission, Thailand. A total of 944 teachers participated in the survey using multistage random sampling. The five scopes of internal supervision were investigated, namely, academic in curriculum development, development of learning process, evaluation and comparison of grades transfer, development of innovative media and digital technology, and educational supervision using a 43-items questionnaire. The need assessment results showed that the development of innovative media and digital technology (PNImodified=0.373) is the most essential scope of internal supervision according to respondents’ perceptions. This is followed by the development of the learning process (PNImodified=0.267), educational supervision (PNImodified=0.262), and evaluation and comparison of grades transfer (PNImodified=0.257). The least capacity scope is academic in curriculum development (PNImodified=0.246). The overall results imply that supervisors or school principals should attempt to ensure that internal supervisions are regularly operated to improve the teaching and learning process by paying more attention to the scope of development of innovative media and digital technology without ignoring the other four scopes.

Digital educational technologies as a means of individualizing foreign language learningDigital technologies have become an increasingly important aspect of education in recent years.They offer a range of possibilities for teachers and students in choosing the means and forms of foreign language learning.The development of digital technologies, mobile technologies, computers, and Web 2.0 network services has led to growing attention to the problem of individualized learning and language learning.Digital technologies provide students with not only much wider access to resources but also accessibility for autonomous learning (Reinders and White, 2011).The rapid increase in internet resources, network services, and educational software together activates the search and desire of students to learn new things and self-improve (Godwin-Jones, 2007).The integration of digital technologies into education has become a subject of many educational studies.It is related to the rapid development of the requirements of modern information society for university graduates.The process of integrating digital technologies has become more relevant as modern students are born into a digital age and are comfortable using digital technologies.However, for effective learning using digital technologies and maximizing their pedagogical potential, teaching is necessary.It is not entertainment and games that students learn on their own.Learning strategies for working with technologies differ from those used in the classroom, so teachers also need to increase their level of digital competence.The feasibility and effectiveness of integrating digital technologies and individualized learning into education are related to the rapid development of the requirements of modern information society for university graduates (Hauck & Hampel, 2008).The process of integrating digital technologies has become the subject of many educational studies.Shetzer and Warschauer (Shetzer, & Warschauer, 2000, p.176) suggest that autonomous students with high levels of digital competence are 2

The majority of sectors are currently influenced by digital technology, including the education sector. Through the development of digital technology, a new learning model can be designed, namely hybrid learning. Hybrid learning can help the learning process, such as providing variations in learning, minimizing space and time limitations, and improving digital skills. Hybrid learning is a solution in higher education that has limited learning space but has facilities for implementing digital technology in hybrid learning. The research subjects were 36 students of educational informatics engineering department. The research method used was research and development, with ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Develop, Implementation, and Evaluation). At the implementation stage, an effectiveness test was carried out to see the extent to which the application of digital technology in hybrid learning had an effect on the learning process. The research’s results were the implementation of digital hybrid learning technology which consists of combination face-to-face classes with e-learning moodle. Another result from this research was the value of effectiveness was obtained, which is 86.44% conducted from 36 subjects and was categorized as very effective for implementation in higher educational level.

The traditional binary image is no longer sufficient to bring richer information in modern production and life. Color images have more information data than binary images. Based on the development of color image models and digital watermarking technology, this paper uses the Arnold scrambling and DWT-DCT method improves the robustness and invisibility of double color digital image watermarking. The encryption method improves the security of the watermark itself to a certain extent.

Introduction. The development of computerization and digital technologies in the world leads to their widespread use in the educational process of higher education, at the same time, the modern digital society poses new challenges for national education in terms of training students, who will flexibly adapt to real-life practical situations, think creatively, generate ideas, freely navigate information flows, and be able to search, process, create and use digital information through technical, software, hardware, network and other means of digital technologies. The use of such technologies is extremely relevant today, as there is an urgent need for new approaches to the training of physical therapy specialists due to a number of social factors associated with the deterioration of the health of different age groups, an increase in injuries and disabilities among civilians and military personnel caused by military operations in our country. The purpose of the publication is to substantiate the use of digital technologies in the training of future specialists in the specialty 227 Therapy and Rehabilitation of the educational program "Physical Therapy". Methods. Theoretical analysis of scientific sources, generalization, systematization and comparison of the collected material, modeling. Results. The concepts of pedagogical technology, innovative technology, digitalization of education, digital technology, medical information system have been clarified. The specifics of training specialists in the speciality "Physical Therapy" and functional responsibilities in the future profession are clarified. The article outlines the positions of domestic scholars on the interpretation of the term "digital technology". Some consider this concept as digital resources (platforms, applications, messengers, programmes), others as teaching methods, technical (computer) learning tools. In most scientific sources, the definition of digital technology is presented in terms of various options for combining elements of existing other technologies (interactive, project-based, person-centered) with computer-based learning tools. It has been found that digital technologies are actively used not only in the educational process of higher education institutions, including medical ones, but also in the practical activities of health care institutions. Attention was focused on the practical use of educational simulations, telemedicine, teleexamination, online consultation, electronic health care system (eHealth), medical information systems (Health 24, Doctor Eleks, Helsi), and artificial intelligence in the work of physical therapists. The article presents variants of combining elements of digital and other teaching technologies in practical classes in the discipline "Pedagogy and the Art of Teaching" for students of the second (master's) level of the educational programme "Physical Therapy", speciality "Therapy and Rehabilitation". Conclusion. The use of digital technologies in combination with elements of other innovative technologies ensures effective training of future physical therapists and enriches the process of communicative interaction between the teacher and students in practical classes in the discipline "Pedagogy and the Art of Teaching" for second (master's) level students. Further research needs to highlight the problem of distinguishing between methods and means of teaching that encompass digital technologies. Further research needs to highlight the problem of distinguishing between methods and means of teaching that encompass digital technologies.

During the analysis of the results of digitalization, it becomes necessary to take the sociological component, along with statistical and financial ones, into account. Sociological index consists, first of all, in the understanding by the population of certain regions and countries of the processes and activities that are being held, the attitude to them and the readiness for the changes introduced by digital economy. This article provides data on the digital habituses of the population and their impact on the attitude to the development and implementation of digital technologies and the actions of the community within the framework of the current situation with digital technologies. It is shown in our research that about 25 percent of the population have habituses that do not explicitly or covertly support the development of new digital technologies. The influence of the habituses of the population on the attitude to the development and implementation of digital technologies, levels of digital literacy, protection of personal information, self-assessment of digital literacy and user level is determined.

The paper provides a detailed analysis of the risk groups encountered across the globe, i.e. the list of global risks threatening, among other nations, the Russian Federation. The list is supported by the data of surveys with both businessmen and population. All these risks appear to be linked with digitized economy and many result from negative effects of digitization. The paper emphasizes differences and variations in estimates of digitization effects changing with further developments in digital technologies and their omnipresence. The paper examines the instances of efficient risk management in operation of a number of companies. They are the so called innovator companies with highly flexible corporate policies. Analysis of measures taken by these allows determining the principles of risk management based on digitization and digital technologies. In conditions of instability risk management becomes integral to both corporate culture and government policy and intrinsic to rational behavior. Risk management itself undergoes transformation while staying an effective tool for solving global problems at all levels. The paper identifies principles to be followed in managing risks in conditions of digitized economy both at the level of an individual organization and at the level of a nation.

Recent developments in digital technology have revitalized interest in the relationship between technology and management accounting. Yet, few empirical in-depth studies have assessed how digital technologies influence the roles of management accountants. This paper builds on the concept of jurisdiction to illuminate the relationship between management accountants, expert knowledge and digital technology. The study identifies and describes competition over jurisdiction between management accountants and other groups of employees. The study describes a shift for divisional management accountants towards narrower roles in their tasks and expectations, while business-oriented roles at group level are found to entail expanding tasks and expectations. In doing so, management accountants are divided into two divergent categories facing different expectations: divisional and group level management accountants. Through a case study in the technology-oriented finance sector, the paper contributes to the debate on the roles of management accountants in a number of ways. First, it describes how digital technology can contribute to narrower and more specialized roles. Second, it describes how digital technology can contribute to competition between professions. Third, it elucidates how digital technology contributes to changes in the behaviour of decision makers, and in their expectations toward, and the involvement of, management accountants. Fourth, it details how the changes contributed by digital technology in the roles of management accountants can act as mediators in the identity-work of management accountants. Finally, it empirically describes the relationships between digital technology and management accountants’ roles.