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Expert System for the Selection of the Rational Method for Collecting and Processing Information During Russian Census Based on Geographical and Socio-Economic Characteristics of Regions

PHM technology plays an increasingly significant role in modern aviation condition-based maintenance. As an important part of prognostics and health management (PHM), a health assessment can effectively estimate the health status of a system and provide support for maintenance decision making. However, in actual conditions, various uncertain factors will amplify assessment errors and cause large fluctuations in assessment results. In this paper, uncertain factors are incorporated into flight control system health assessment modeling. First, four uncertain factors of health assessment characteristic parameters are quantified and described by the extended λ-PDF method to acquire their probability distribution function. Secondly, a Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) is used to simulate a flight control system health assessment process with uncertain factors. Thirdly, the probability distribution of the output health index is solved by the maximum entropy principle. Finally, the proposed model was verified with actual flight data. The comparison between assessment results with and without uncertain factors shows that a health assessment conducted under uncertain conditions can reduce the impact of the uncertainty of outliers on the assessment results and make the assessment results more stable; therefore, the false alarm rate can be reduced.

Introduction. Primary immunodeficiency disorders (PID) are a group of congenital diseases caused by genetic defects that lead to diverse phenotypic manifestations. Classic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are typically multifactorial pathologies, combining genetic predisposition, gut microbiota alterations, and adverse environmental influences. Very early-onset IBD (VEO-IBD), defined as a disease presenting before six years of age, accounts for 3–15% of all pediatric IBD. This subgroup is particularly characterized by monogenic etiology, associated with gastrointestinal phenotype PID and with causative mutations in specific genes. Case report. We present a clinical case of monogenic Crohn’s disease in a child with X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome type 2 (XLP-2), treated using a multi-stage team approach. To achieve sustained remission, in addition to selecting conservative therapy, repeated surgical interventions and repeated hematopoietic stem cell transplantations were required. An individualized approach and treatment strategy planning enabled a positive treatment outcome. Conclusions. In young children with the presence of atypical IBD and refractoriness to standard therapy, it is crucial to differentiate monogenic forms of IBD. Such patients require close monitoring, dynamic follow-up, and a multidisciplinary approach involving collaboration between gastroenterologists, immunologists, and surgeons.

Encapsulation is a way to protect the active ingredients from adverse environmental influences during storage and processing. Maltodextrin is one of the coatings and is often used because of its ability to form emulsions, low viscosity, easy to find, easy to process, disperses quickly, has high solubility, and can matrices reducing browning. In addition, an excellent ability to deal with oxidation so that the resulting encapsulant can have a better shelf life. This study aims to obtain the ratio of extract to coating material that produces encapsulation that has the best antioxidant activity, total phenolics, moisture content, and encapsulation efficiency. This study was experimental and designed using a completely randomized design with the treatment of the maltodextrin (coating material)/extract of cocoa bean shell, namely five levels of ratio 2:1 to 6:1 in which all treatments repeated three times. The results showed that the ratio of the coating material/coastal extract of the cocoa bean 4:1 was the best ratio for encapsulating the cacao bean shell extract which resulted in IC50 values of 59.99 micrograms per mL, total phenolics of 90.37 ppm, encapsulation efficiency of 68.31 percent and moisture content of 4.45 percent.

ABSTRACT.Sexual abuse is an aspect of cruelty to children which merits greater scientific attention. It has potential for damaging the mental health of the victim and intergenerational cycles of this behaviour pattern may develop. The paediatrician is in a position to detect children at risk and may be able to intervene.Three types of sexual abuse are described (i) single sexual attacks which may be accompanied by physical violence: (ii) sexual exploitation of children for financial gain, and (iii) longstanding sexual relationships, generally between girls and father figures; these are far the most common.Although it is hard to separate the effects of premature sexual experience from other adverse environmental influences. the child victim of longstanding sexual abuse emerges immature, with considerable confusion as to her role in the family, and with constricted personality development. Her primary motivation is attention seeking, and she adopts sexual activity with an adult as a means of survival in often deplorable conditions. The sensitivity of management following the assault being made public is an important factor in determining eventual adjustment.

Engineered systems are typically based on a large variety of materials differing in composition and processing to provide the desired functionality. Nature, however, has evolved materials that are used for a wide range of functional challenges with minimal compositional changes. The exoskeletal cuticle of spiders, as well as of other arthropods such as insects and crustaceans, is based on a combination of chitin, protein, water and small amounts of organic cross-linkers or minerals. Spiders use it to obtain mechanical support structures and lever systems for locomotion, protection from adverse environmental influences, tools for piercing, cutting and interlocking, auxiliary structures for the transmission and filtering of sensory information, structural colours, transparent lenses for light manipulation and more. This paper illustrates the ‘design space’ of a single type of composite with varying internal architecture and its remarkable capability to serve a diversity of functions.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Bio-derived and bioinspired sustainable advanced materials for emerging technologies (part 1)’.

The preschool child is often confronted with adverse environmental influences that may affect his/her development and hence his readiness for schooling. The factors that affect school readiness were evaluated in 532 nursery school pupils using a proforma on perinatal problems and gross motor development of the pupils. Their nutritional status, neurodevelopment status, and their performance on the Draw-A-Person Test were assessed. Sixty (11.3 per cent) of the 532 children were unready for schooling. Factors that are responsible for this included malnutrition, adverse perinatal period and a younger age at school entry. The need for the establishment of the preschool health unit in the Local Government as well as routine medical examination of nursery school pupils is emphasized. Nigerian Journal of Paediatrics 2002; 29: 34-39.

The mammalian heart contains cardiac stem cells throughout life, but it has not been possible to harness or stimulate these cells to repair damaged myocardium in vivo. Assuming physiological relevance of these cells, which have evolved and have been maintained throughout mammalian evolution, we hypothesize that cardiac stem cells may contribute to cardiomyogenesis in an unorthodox manner. Since the intermediate filament protein desmin and the matricellular Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC) promote cardiomyogenic differentiation during embryogenesis in a cell-autonomous and paracrine manner, respectively, we focus on their genes and employ mouse embryonic and cardiac stem cell lines as in vitro models to ask whether desmin and SPARC cooperatively influence cardiomyogenesis in cardiac stem and progenitor cells. We show that desmin also promotes cardiomyogenesis in a non-cell autonomous manner by increasing the expression and secretion of SPARC in differentiating embryonic stem cells. SPARC is also secreted by cardiac stem cells where it promotes cardiomyogenesis in an autocrine and concentration-dependent manner by upregulating the expression of myocardial transcription factors and its elicitor desmin. Desmin and SPARC interact genetically, forming a positive feedback loop and secreted autocrine and paracrine SPARC negatively affects sparc mRNA expression. Paracrine SPARC rescues cardiomyogenic desmin-haploinsufficiency in cardiac stem cells in a glycosylation-dependent manner, increases desmin expression, the phosphorylation of Smad2 and induces the expression of gata4, nkx2.5 and mef2C. Demonstration that desmin-induced autocrine secretion of SPARC in cardiac stem cells promotes cardiomyogenesis raises the possibility that a physiological function of cardiac stem cells in the adult and aging heart may be the gland-like secretion of factors such as SPARC that modulate age-related and adverse environmental influences and thereby contribute to cardiac homeostasis throughout life.

Quality control of coating operations

Health management is a concept that belongs to the category of evolutionary medicine put forward in the last century. It refers to a process of comprehensive management of health risk factors of individuals or people. Its purpose is to mobilize the enthusiasm of individuals and collectives and to effectively use limited resources to achieve maximum health effects. Through health management, we can achieve the purpose of disease prevention, thereby reducing our medical expenditure, but also improve physical fitness. However, health management needs more complex data to carry out statistics and management. It is difficult for human resources to meet the needs of statistics and management quickly and well, so various computer health management software emerges as the times require. Computer technology has been applied to the field of health management to improve the efficiency of health management.

Substantiation of the need to introduce a system approach to risk management in occupational health and safety management systems and identification ways to implement it. 1. To identify the existing disadvantages of the practical implementation of the stages of the risk management process in occupational health and safety. 2. To substantiate and propose mathematical models for the objective implementation of the Plan procedure of the risk management process in occupational health and safety. 3. To analyze the functionality of existing automated systems of the dangers minimization to ensure the effective functioning of Do – Chek - Act procedures in occupational health and safety. 4. To propose the automated management system of occupational health and safety at the enterprises for objective implementation of Do – Check – Act procedures within the OHS management systems of the enterprises. Analysis of scientific and technical literature and regulations in occupational health and safety, probabilistic and statistical methods, Markov analysis. It is established that the existing methodological approaches to risk management in occupational health and safety ensure for the implementation of only four of the eight necessary stages (stages of risk evaluation) of the relevant process provided by the PDCA methodology. Mathematical models, which allow to set the relationship between occupational health and safety costs and the risk level, as well as to set the probability of not exceeding the accumulation in the employee of the consequence of certain harmful factors impact and occupational injuries at random during the workshift are substantiated and proposed for use. The main disadvantages of the existing automated systems of risk minimization in occupational health and safety, which are the impossibility of minimizing the negative “human factor” signs and the impossibility of prompt normalization of the parameters of harmful production factors on the employee over time are identified. The automated management system of occupational health and safety, which allows to conduct constant monitoring and prompt correction of parameters of impact on the employee of negative factors within the values set by results of risk evaluation is substantiated and offered for application.

Deficits in social functioning are a core feature of autistic spectrum disorders (ASD), being linked to various cognitive and developmental factors, but there has been little attempt to draw on normative models of social cognition to understand social behaviour in ASD. The current study explored the utility of Crick and Dodge's (1994) information processing model to studying social cognition in ASD, and examined associations between social information processing patterns, theory of mind skills and social functioning. A matched-group design compared young people with Asperger syndrome with typically developing peers, using a social information processing interview previously designed for this purpose. The Asperger syndrome group showed significantly different patterns of information processing at the intent attribution, response generation and response evaluation stages of the information processing model. Theory of mind skills were found to be significantly associated with parental ratings of peer problems in the Asperger syndrome group but not with parental ratings of pro-social behaviour, with only limited evidence of an association between social information processing and measures of theory of mind and social functioning. Overall, the study supports the use of normative social information processing approaches to understanding social functioning in ASD.

The paper analyzes the main problems of the occupational health and safety management system functioning and identifies the need to improve it in order to reduce industrial injuries. As a way to improve it, we propose the development and implementation of an automated system for forecasting and managing professional risks, which implements the algorithm for a multifactor analysis of the causes of occupational injuries. The automated system should be a part of the automated system of labor safety management of the enterprise. The main function of the proposed system is assessment and forecasting the level of occupational risk at specific workplaces, taking into account the changes in the qualification indicators, the psychophysiological state of personnel and factors of working conditions.

The health, wellness and adaptation response of astronauts during spaceflight is a key component for the success of any manned mission. Physiological and psychological responses of astronauts during spaceflight have been monitored from the first manned missions sixty years ago. However, limited communication networks to and within the spacecraft have limited methods to monitor the health, wellness and adaptation response of astronauts in real-time. This has resulted in a paradigm of astronaut monitoring as discontinuous samplings of physiological data that are captured on board the spacecraft and transported to Earth on storage devices for retrospective down sampled analysis. In 2009, as part of prior research, McGregor proposed a big data analytics framework and platform, that enables the capture and processing of physiological data and other clinical data in real-time for new approaches to real-time health monitoring. The platform, was named the Artemis platform after the Greek goddess of childbearing as the first domain it was used was neonatal intensive care. Its efficacy and reliability as a new approach for real-time health monitoring has been demonstrated in the critical care domain and specifically within the domain of neonatal intensive care. McGregor previously proposed the application of Artemis as an approach for autonomous health monitoring within the spacecraft to support missions within and beyond low Earth orbit. This would enable sophisticated realtime health, wellness and adaptation assessment that did not require the transmission of data beyond the spacecraft. Artemis Cloud has been proposed as a cloud-based approach to provide remote health monitoring. Artemis Cloud enables Health Analytics as a Service and has been demonstrated utilizing the Ontario Research and Innovation Optical Network (ORION) in Ontario and Artemis Cloud instances located at the Compute Ontario advanced research computing node within the Centre for Advanced Computing, Queen's University, Ontario providing remote health monitoring of neonatal intensive care patients at two hospitals in Ontario, Canada. There is great potential for this Health Analytics as a Service model enabled through Artemis Cloud to support the assessment of health, wellness and adaptation response of astronauts in space, however, robust and reliable networks are required. The next stage of space exploration will see unmanned missions using robots that will require prognostics and health management. This will be followed by manned lunar orbiters, Moon bases and Mars missions that will all require the support of health, wellness and adaptation assessment of astronauts engaged in those missions. Deep space hybrid radio frequency and optical networks have great potential to address the current gap in space communication networks. This paper presents a framework and infrastructure to enable real-time equipment monitoring for prognostics and health management and astronaut health monitoring through cloud-based Health Analytics as a Service utilizing space data relays. A key benefit of this approach is its ability to monitor their health and wellbeing onboard the spacecraft as well as enabling the equipment and astronaut's physiological data, and other clinical data, to be sent to an Earth based Mission Control Center within more manageable latencies of seconds or minutes. This will provide a more viable alternative to autonomous only approaches for equipment and astronaut monitoring.

The Pipeline Health Monitoring and Management web application is a risk-based pipeline integrity management support tool to support pipeline operators in decision-making and planning activities. The platform design is supported by a multi-disciplinary science and engineering approach for a comprehensive, state-of-the-art solution. The goal of the software platform is to integrate the data, methods, and technologies into a dynamic pipeline heath monitoring system supported by multiple probabilistic predictive models such as dynamic hybrid causal logic, corrosion prognosis, and sensor placement optimization models. This total system health management support tool provides online or offline updates on the reliability state of various segments of the pipeline system, and dynamically updates the recommendations on when and where to take mitigating actions, e.g., increase or decrease inspection frequency. The pipeline health monitoring system software platform under development provides the ability for (a) Integrity assessment based on comprehensive range of evidence from sensing, inspection, and real-time monitoring in addition to probabilistic integration of mechanistic models and data on failure mechanisms relating to various causal factors (e.g., uniform corrosion, pitting corrosion, etc.) for assessment of the pipe segment health (remaining life); (b) Dynamic pipeline network probabilistic health assessment model software for optimal risk-based prioritization of inspection and proactive management, and (c) Geographical mapping capabilities that will augment the interaction of the pipeline operators with the pipeline system such as viewing pipeline/sensor locations, and adding new pipelines if desired. The selected computational foundation for the assessment is the hybrid causal logic engine with a wide range of capabilities in terms of system model building and probabilistic analysis of various types of evidence for assessment of model parameters. On this foundation we are adding capabilities to integrate predictive corrosion models, sensor placement optimization, and computational modules to perform pipeline health assessment, and develop inspection and maintenance strategies. The resulting software will be deployed as a control room health dashboard and hand-held web-based field inspection support tool.