Ensemble Learning for Assessing Degree of Humor

With the rapid development of textual information on the web, sentiment analysis is changing to an essential analytic tool rather than an academic endeavor and numerous studies have been carried out in recent years to address this issue. By the emergence of deep learning, deep neural networks have attracted a lot of attention and become mainstream in this field. Despite the remarkable success of deep learning models for sentiment analysis of text, they are in the early steps of development and their potential is yet to be fully explored. Convolutional neural network is one of the deep learning methods that has been surpassed for sentiment analysis but is confronted with some limitations. Firstly, convolutional neural network requires a large number of training data. Secondly, it assumes that all words in a sentence have an equal contribution to the polarity of a sentence. To fill these lacunas, a convolutional neural network equipped with the attention mechanism is proposed in this paper which not only takes advantage of the attention mechanism but also utilizes transfer learning to boost the performance of sentiment analysis. According to the empirical results, our proposed model achieved comparable or even better classification accuracy than the state-of-the-art methods.

The swift growth of social networks has enabled easy access to a wealth of user‐created information for public assessment. These data hold potential for various uses, including analyzing comments and reviews through text analysis. The study utilizes a specialized version of the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) model known as IndoBERT, tailored explicitly for Bahasa Indonesia. It aims to improve accuracy in the Indonesian natural language understanding benchmark by boosting performance in sentiment analysis and emotion classification tasks. The testing for both tasks involved a hybrid methodology that merged the summations of the four last hidden layers from the IndoBERT model with a combination of bidirectional long short‐term memory (BiLSTM), bidirectional gated recurrent unit (BiGRU), and an attention model. The resulting model’s performance was assessed using the F1‐score metric. Based on the experimental results, the proposed model achieves an accuracy of 93% for sentiment analysis and 78% for emotion classification on the Indonesian natural language understanding (IndoNLU) benchmark dataset. The implementation result shows that the optimal accuracy of the models’ performance evaluation was obtained using different hybrid models.

Sentiment analysis (or opinion mining), is a natural language processing (NLP) technique that harnesses Information from text data that is naturally subjective. Opinions, emotions, and attitudes are things that this information can contain. In recent years, there has been an increasing focus on sentiment analysis because of the explosive growth of unstructured data on the internet. Sentiment analysis tasks have seen state of the art performance using deep learning models. However, these models can be computationally intensive and high dimensional can produce problems of overfitting when working with relatively limited data. In order to overcome these limitations, a new hybrid model is proposed using a combination of LSTM network for feature extraction and Random Forest classifier for the final sentiment classification improving the accuracy of the sentiment analysis, while reducing computational cost. In this paper, the proposed hybrid model is designed and implemented, and evaluated on a publicly available dataset of movie reviews.

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to analyze and compare the performance of two machine learning models, Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Multinomial Naive Bayes, in conducting sentiment analysis on YouTube comments related to the film "Dirty Vote." Methods: The study involved collecting YouTube comments and preprocessing the data through cleaning, labeling, and feature extraction using TF-IDF. The dataset was then divided into training and testing sets in an 80:20 ratio. Both the SVM and Multinomial Naive Bayes models were trained and tested, with their performance evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score metrics. Result: The results revealed that both models performed well in classifying sentiments, with SVM slightly outperforming Multinomial Naive Bayes in terms of accuracy and precision. Particularly, SVM showed superior performance in detecting positive comments, making it a more reliable model for this specific sentiment analysis task. Novelty: This study contributes to the field of sentiment analysis by providing a detailed comparative analysis of SVM and Multinomial Naive Bayes models on YouTube comments in the context of an Indonesian film. The findings highlight the strengths and weaknesses of each model, offering insights into their applicability for sentiment analysis tasks, particularly in analyzing social media content. This research also suggests potential future directions, including the exploration of advanced NLP techniques and different models to enhance sentiment analysis performance.

As digital marketing is becoming more popular, the number of customer views on brands is increasing rapidly. This makes it harder for companies to assess their brand image or digitally market their products on the web. We present a lexicon-based approach to extracting sentiment and emotion from tweets for digital marketing purposes. We collect ten thousand tweets related to ten technology brands: Apple, Google, Microsoft, Samsung, GE, IBM, Intel, Facebook, Oracle and HP. We perform sentiment analysis using SentiWordNet while we detect emotions using the NRC Hashtag Emotion Lexicon. We compare and combine the scores obtained from the two lexicons into one result per tweet. We describe the execution process of our experiment and show that the accuracy of the combined approach of sentiment and emotion analysis is enhanced over the independent approaches of sentiment analysis or emotion analysis.

By the development of social media, sentiment analysis has changed to one of the most remarkable research topics in the field of natural language processing which tries to dig information from textual data containing users’ opinions or attitudes toward a particular topic. In this regard, deep neural networks have emerged as promising techniques that have been extensively used for this aim in recent years and obtained significant results. Considering the fact that deep neural networks can automatically extract features from data, it can be claimed that intermediate representations extracted from these networks can be also used as appropriate features. While different deep neural networks are able to extract various types of features due to their distinct structures, we decided to combine features extracted from heterogeneous neural networks using multi-view classifiers to enhance the overall performance of document-level sentiment analysis by considering the correlation between them. The proposed multi-view deep network makes use of intermediate features extracted from convolutional and recursive neural networks to perform classification. Based on the results of the experiments, the proposed multi-view deep network not only outperforms single-view deep neural networks but also has superior efficiency and generalization performance.

Recently, satisfactory performance has been achieved on sentiment analysis tasks by using recurrent neural network (RNN). As a derived model of RNN, gated recurrent units (GRU) model has a great advantage in dealing with long text sequence problems, while the performance is limited when working with short texts. Therefore, to effectively extract the contextual information of network comments, and take advantage of convolutional neural network (CNN) that can capture the local features, we propose a GCNN (gated convolutional neural network) model based on GRU and CNN. In this paper, we compare the proposed GCNN model with CNN and RNN models on standard datasets. Experiment results show that the GCNN model achieves state-of-the-art performance on the sentiment analysis tasks, with 94.9% and 90.0% F1-score on hotel comments (ChnSentiCorp) corpus and the IMDB corpus respectively.

With increasing data on the Internet, it is becoming difficult to analyze every bit and make sure it can be used efficiently for all the businesses. One useful technique using Natural Language Processing (NLP) is sentiment analysis. Various algorithms can be used to classify textual data based on various scales ranging from just positive-negative, positive-neutral-negative to a wide spectrum of emotions. While a lot of work has been done on text, only a lesser amount of research has been done on audio datasets. An audio file contains more features that can be extracted from its amplitude and frequency than a plain text file. The neutrosophic set is symmetric in nature, and similarly refined neutrosophic set that has the refined indeterminacies I1 and I2 in the middle between the extremes Truth T and False F. Neutrosophy which deals with the concept of indeterminacy is another not so explored topic in NLP. Though neutrosophy has been used in sentiment analysis of textual data, it has not been used in speech sentiment analysis. We have proposed a novel framework that performs sentiment analysis on audio files by calculating their Single-Valued Neutrosophic Sets (SVNS) and clustering them into positive-neutral-negative and combines these results with those obtained by performing sentiment analysis on the text files of those audio.

Sentiment analysis involves classifying text into positive, negative and neutral classes according to the emotions expressed in the text. Extensive study has been carried out in performing sentiment analysis using the traditional ‘bag of words’ approach which involves feature selection, where the input is given to classifiers such as Naive Bayes and SVMs. A relatively new approach to sentiment analysis involves using a deep learning model. In this approach, a recently discovered technique called word embedding is used, following which the input is fed into a deep neural network architecture. As sentiment analysis using deep learning is a relatively unexplored domain, we plan to perform in-depth analysis into this field and implement a state of the art model which will achieve optimal accuracy. The proposed methodology will use a hybrid architecture, which consists of CNNs (Convolutional Neural Networks) and RNNs (Recurrent Neural Networks), to implement the deep learning model on the SAR14 and Stanford Sentiment Treebank data sets.

Currently, sentiment analysis has become a hot research topic in the natural language processing (NLP) field as it is highly valuable for many practical usages and theoretical studies. As a basic task in sentiment analysis, construction of sentiment lexicon aims to classify one word into positive, neutral or negative according to its sentiment orientation. However, when constructing a sentiment lexicon in Chinese, there are two major problems: 1) Chinese words are very ambiguous, which makes it hard to compute the sentiment orientation of a word; 2) Given the related research on sentiment analysis, available resource for constructing Chinese sentiment lexicons remains weak. Note that there are several corpus and lexicons in English sentiment analysis. In this study, we first use machine translation system with bilingual resources, i.e., English and Chinese information, then we get the sentiment orientation of Chinese words by computing the point-wise mutual information (PMI) values with English seed words. Experiment results from three domains demonstrate that the lexicon generated with our approach reaches an excellent precision and could cover domain information effectively.

Sentiment analysis (SA) is one of the most active and rapidly developing research areas in both information retrieval and text mining fields of computer science. SA is the process of analysing, handling, generalizing, and reasoning about user sentiments, opinions, and emotions hidden within the text by using sentiment. There are various categories of levels of SA: (1) document-level, (2) sentence-level, and (3) aspect-level. This paper is focused on sorting out some Aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) works. ABSA is one of the primary tasks in sentiment analysis, which involves identifying the expression of an opinion or sensation of an object in a particular dimension or feature. ABSA involves two primary subtasks: (1) aspect extraction and (2) aspect-based sentiment classification. In contrast to document-and sentence-based sentiment analysis, ABSA simultaneously considers sentiment and target information. Generally, the ABSA methods can be categorized into Transformer based ABSA and Graph Neural Network based ABSA. This paper introduces some popular frameworks, datasets, and evaluation metrics of ABSA tasks based on the above-proposed classification and methodology.

Twitter is one among most popular micro blogging services with millions of active users. It is a hub of massive collection of data arriving from various sources. In Twitter, users most often express their views, opinions, thoughts, emotions or feelings about a particular topic, product or service, of their interest, choice or concern. This makes twitter a hub of gargantuan amount of data, and at the same time a useful platform in getting to know and understand the underlying sentiment behind a particular product or for that matter anything expressed in twitter as tweets. It is important to note here that aforesaid massive collection of data is not just any redundant data, but one which contains useful information as noted earlier. In view of aforesaid context, Sentiment analysis in relation to twitter data gains enormous importance. Sentiment analysis offers itself as a good approach in classifying the opinions formulated by individuals (tweeters) into different sentiments such as, positive, negative, or neutral. Implementing Sentiment analysis algorithms using conventional tools leads to high computation time, and thus are less effective. Hence, there is a need for state-of-the-art tools and techniques to be developed for sentiment analysis making it the need of the hour to facilitate faster computation. An Apache Hadoop framework is one such option that supports distributed data computing and has been commonly adopted for a variety of use-cases. In this article, the author identifies factors affecting the performance of sentiment analysis algorithms based on Hadoop framework and proposes an approach for optimizing the performance of sentiment analysis. The experimental results depict the potential of the proposed approach.

Multi-model ensemble learning for battery state-of-health estimation: Recent advances and perspectives

Aspects extraction is the key task in the sentiment analysis problem, which includes extraction of both explicit and implicit aspects. Identifying implicit aspects is not a new task in sentiment analysis, but it still presents many challenges. Numerous studies have addressed the issue and offered different approaches, but there are still fundamental challenges as follows: solving the context word problem; the domain-specific problem; and the implicit aspects represented by sentiment words that do not appear explicitly in the text. This paper proposes a method for identifying implicit aspects of sentiment words. To address these above challenges, the system is built on the foundation of deep learning with context vectors, dependency grammar, anaphora coreference resolution, and sentiment ontology. The dependency parser and the entity coreference resolver are adopted to filter out the sentiment–aspect pairs data generated from embedding context words. Then, a fine-tuned technique is applied, and the classifier corresponding to each sentiment word is built to identify implicit aspects. This combination has produced positive results, reaching almost 90% accuracy.

As a discipline of Natural Language Processing, Sentiment Analysis is used to extract and analyze subjective information present in natural language data. The task of Sentiment Analysis has acquired wide commercial uses including social media monitoring tasks, survey responses, review systems, etc. Languages like English have several resources which aid in the task of Sentiment Analysis. SentiWordNet and Subjectivity WordList are examples of such tools and resources. With more data being available in native vernacular, language-specific SentiWordNet(s) have become essential. For resource poor languages, creating such SentiWordNet(s) is a difficult task to achieve. One solution is to use available resources in English and translate the final source lexicon to target lexicon via machine translation. Machine translation systems for the English-Odia language pair have not yet been developed. In this paper, we discuss a method to create a SentiWordNet for Odia, which is resource-poor, by only using resources which are currently available for Indian languages. The lexicon created, would serve as a tool for Sentiment Analysis related task specific to Odia data.