Evaluating digital libraries: a systematised review.

We present here the research work on data mining technologies for complicated attributes relationship in digital library collections. Firstly our work and ideology is introduced as the research ba ckground of this paper. Digital library evaluation is an important topic in information systems domain. We creatively import data mining technologies into it to get an intelligent decision support. But traditional data prediction algorithm didn't work well. This is the problem which would be solved in this paper. Secondly related preliminary research is introduced. We researched on attributes of digital library collections, proposed a parallel discretization algorithm based on z-score theory, and by the discretization algorithm disc overed a complicated condition attribute relation among attributes, it is the reason why traditional data prediction algorithm didn't wor k well. At last a stratified decision tree algorithm for value prediction about digital collection is put forward as the ultimate solution to solve the problem. Stratified attribute concept is imported in this algorithm. It can expand the selection of splitting attribute in decis ion tree from flat information to stereoscopic information, eliminate the influence of complicated condition attribute relationsh ip, nested use existing decision tree algorithms, and solve the bottleneck of data mining application in digital library evaluation.

Users’ evaluation of digital libraries (DLs): Their uses, their criteria, and their assessment

This paper presents a preliminary discussion on some of the results from a survey aimed to explore, describe and explain some of the usability characteristics in digital library evaluation in the Libyan context. The study is framed in the evaluation of a bilingual digital library: The National Oil Corporation (NOC) – Digital Library in Libya. It is worth mentioning in this context that this study is the first of its kind to address evaluation issues in the context of Arabic language and it is limited to evaluate the effectiveness of the design of the prototype digital library which was designed using Greenstone digital library software. This paper discusses the evaluation of the prototype and reviews the analysis of the questionnaire, which was used for gathering data pertaining to the digital library that was built. The paper intends to discuss the methodology used for evaluating the prototype digital library, the framework, and the steps implemented to reach the final goal. Users’ opinions and views on the digital library are also presented in this paper. Evaluating the prototype digital library is considered an important stage towards developing a full-scale NOC digital library

Information Resource, Interface, and Tasks as User Interaction Components for Digital Library Evaluation

Evaluating a monolingual multinational digital library by using usability: An exploratory approach from a developing country

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate open source software (OSS) for digital libraries and collection management and to propose different utilization scenarios based on the characteristics of the tools. Design/methodology/approach – The tools are assessed on the basis of their technical features and options, the type of the content they manage, the support for common library operations such as cataloging and circulation, the searching support and the interoperability options. Then they are evaluated by users and finally a number of usage scenarios are analyzed based on the results of the evaluation. Findings – The basic findings of the study is that open source digital library and collection management tools offer advanced operations and support various metadata and interoperability protocols with easy and user-friendly interfaces. Most of the tools are extensively used under various settings and establishments already. Language support for the interfaces should be extended with more languages and some tools with limited operations should be improved to be of practical use. Practical implications – The findings of the paper could be used support the selection of specific open source tools for various types of establishments. Originality/value – The study reviews the characteristics of a few OSS for digital libraries and collection management and reveals their specific strengths and weaknesses. It also presents a number of realistic scenarios and proposes the usage of specific tools based on time, technology and staff constraints.

This is the second part of a two-part paper which explores methods that can be used to evaluate digital libraries in the health sector. Part 1 focuses on approaches to evaluation that have been proposed for mainstream digital information services. This paper investigates evaluative models developed for some innovative digital library projects, and some major national and international electronic health information projects. The value of ethnographic methods to provide qualitative data to explore outcomes, adding to quantitative approaches based on inputs and outputs is discussed. The paper concludes that new 'post-positivist' models of evaluation are needed to cover all the dimensions of the digital library in the health sector, and some ways of doing this are outlined.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the design and development of a digital library at Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT), India, using DSpace open source software. The study covers the structure, contents and usage of CUSAT digital library.Design/methodology/approachThis paper examines the possibilities of applying open source in libraries. An evaluative approach is carried out to explore the features of the CUSAT digital library. The Google Analytics service is employed to measure the amount of use of digital library by users across the world.FindingsCUSAT has successfully applied DSpace open source software for building a digital library. The digital library has had visits from 78 countries, with the major share from India. The distribution of documents in the digital library is uneven. Past exam question papers share the major part of the collection. The number of research papers, articles and rare documents is less.Originality/valueThe study is the first of its type that tries to understand digital library design and development using DSpace open source software in a university environment with a focus on the analysis of distribution of items and measuring the value by usage statistics employing the Google Analytics service. The digital library model can be useful for designing similar systems.

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the role of institutional and national policies in the design process of educational digital libraries developed collaboratively with key stakeholders within the African higher education context.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative research project based on three case studies of universities in Africa (Uganda, Kenya, Uganda) was carried out; comprising a retrospective review of the design process of ten innovative digital libraries through 38 in‐depth interviews with key design stakeholders. The interviews were conducted between September and December, 2009, while the data were triangulated with observations and documentary evidence from key policies.FindingsInstitutional and national policies were found to have tremendous impact on the design process of digital libraries as well as on their sustainability. Their absence in the design process was found to stifle innovation.Research limitations/implicationsThis research was limited to the design process of digital libraries in African higher education. The research findings suggest that policy makers are important design gatekeepers and as such digital library designers should actively review relevant national and institutional policies, incorporate the implications of policies into design processes, and help to develop relevant policies.Originality/valueThe paper provides an understanding of the critical impact policies have with respect to supporting the design of educational digital libraries that are developed collaboratively with stakeholders. The retrospective review of completed digital library design processes carried out offers a different methodological approach for obtaining a high level understanding of the phenomenon under investigation.

BackgroundData collection is an essential aspect of clinical trials because it forms the basis of the scientific analysis that evaluates the performance and safety of interventions. With the wide variety of digital data collection tools available, decision-makers responsible for choosing the appropriate tools for clinical trials must exercise caution. There are numerous challenges that could impact data collection, and a careful selection of tools is necessary to ensure that they effectively support the trial. Therefore, an evidence-based framework is needed to support the selection of an appropriate digital data collection tool in clinical trials.ObjectiveThis systematic review aims to develop an evidence-based framework for the selection of digital data collection tools for clinical trials.MethodsBibliographic databases including IEEE Xplore, eAIS, PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, Scopus, and Web of Science will be searched for published articles. Additionally, searches will be performed for publicly available gray literature from reputable institutions such as the United States Food and Drug Administration and World Health Organization. Studies should include a framework that is relevant to selecting digital data collection tools for clinical trials. Two reviewers will independently use Covidence to screen and review the articles to be included. Data related to the selection of digital data collection tools will be extracted. Thematic synthesis will be conducted to develop a new evidence-based framework to select digital data collection tools for clinical trials.ResultsThe review started in May 2025 and is expected to be completed in December 2025. The searches yielded 9151 studies, which were reduced to 4333 after the removal of duplicates using Covidence.ConclusionsThere is a dearth of established frameworks to guide the selection of digital data collection tools for clinical trials. This review aims to develop an evidence-based framework to support technology decision-makers in identifying and selecting tools that are fit-for-purpose, ensuring they meet the specific needs of clinical research settings.

This is the first part of a two-part paper which explores methods that can be used to evaluate digital libraries in the health sector. In this first part, some approaches to evaluation that have been proposed for mainstream digital information services are examined for their suitability to provide models for the health sector. The paper summarizes some major national and collaborative initiatives to develop measures for digital libraries, and analyses these approaches in terms of their relationship to traditional measures of library performance, which are focused on inputs and outputs, and their relevance to current debates among health information specialists. The second part* looks more specifically at evaluative models based on outcomes, and models being developed in the health sector.

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to review research conducted on managing the ageing healthcare workforce and identify gaps for further research.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature search of studies in the English language was carried out in Scopus and Web of Science databases.FindingsThe study consists of an analysis of 75 published articles. The majority of the papers were published in recent years, indicating a growing interest in the field. The authors specified the following inclusion criteria: all years, articles/reviews, English language and full text in the Web of Science and Scopus databases. The authors of the paper illustrated seven major categories with different topics that were suggested for future research. It included: challenges of labor market in the healthcare field, age-related changes and their influence on work ability, training opportunities and lifelong learning among ageing health workforce, motives of early retirement, ageing and its relationship to Occupational Health and Safety. Longitudinal studies and case study strategy with mixed-methods approaches were suggested for future research by the authors.Originality/valueThe paper summarizes knowledge related to the management of ageing health workforce, describes topics researched and as a result, presents findings on and conclusions about the most important future implications of the ageing workforce for management in the healthcare field providing lines for further research. To the authors' knowledge, no holistic systematic literature reviews have been published in academic journals targeted specifically to ageing healthcare workers.

Introduction: Inborn error of immunity (IEI) includes variety of genetic disorders that affect both the innate and acquired immune system. The number of primary immune deficiency disorders is increasing due to advanced laboratory testing methods. The patients with IEI are susceptible to multiple infectious and non-infectious diseases، including autoimmune disorders، allergies، and malignancies. Several studies have shown an increasing prevalence of non-infectious disorders in patients in IEI. Among the non-infectious manifestations of primary immunodeficiency، allergic symptoms can play an effective and important role in diagnosis and treatment of these patients.
 Methods: Articles were searched in Google Scholar، PubMed، Web of Science، and Scopus databases. In this review، we have tried to use the latest and most reliable articles related to the subject that have been published in Persian and English language.
 Conclusion: Allergic diseases can be a common part of some primary immunodeficiency diseases. Even in some types of primary immunodeficiency، they are considered the main symptom and important indicator of the disease، which are very decisive factors for the diagnosis of immunodeficiency.

In the industrial work context, Augmented Reality (AR) can support work processes and employees' cognitive relief through the location-specific and context-related superimposition of real objects with virtual information. The AR-based support of industrial work processes ranges over product development, manufacturing, assembly, maintenance, and training. In all these areas, numerous location-based AR support functions are being prototypically implemented, aiming to improve work efficiency, communication in mobile work situations, or employee qualification in the work process. In contrast to the increasing number of developed AR solutions in recent years, there is no widespread use of these solutions in industrial practice. AR systems' successful introduction is closely related to user acceptance, which has not been comprehensively considered over the system development process. In addition to improving AR hardware ergonomic features, usability or user interface design play an essential role in user acceptance. Particularly in the context of employee qualification, increasing employee engagement can be named as a success factor. Previous user studies of industrial AR systems only include individual user acceptance aspects. The use of game elements has not been widely addressed in connection with manual tasks in production environments, including AR-based assistance systems. This paper aims to examine user acceptance of industrial AR systems and the relevant factors for investigating user acceptance, e.g., ease of use or enjoyment, based on a systematic literature review. An analysis of existing review articles on industrial AR systems elaborates the current state of the art and identifies the research gap. This review of 109 scientific articles from 2011 to 2020 provides an overview of the current state of research on the inclusion of user acceptance in industrial AR systems. The identified papers from the scientific databases, Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore Digital Library, ACM Digital Library, and Science Direct, are evaluated for their relevance and selected for further analysis based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, e.g., year of publication. This review presents the current challenges regarding user acceptance of industrial AR systems and future possibilities for the comprehensive integration of user acceptance factors into the development, evaluation, and implementation process.

PurposeThe main objective of this paper is to review work on the usability and impact of digital libraries.Design/methodology/approachWork on the usability and impact of digital libraries is reviewed. Specific studies on the usability and impact of digital libraries in specific domains are also discussed in order to identify general and specific usability and impact measures.FindingsThe usability studies reviewed in this paper show that a number of approaches have been used to assess usability. In addition to the technical aspects of digital library design (e.g. architecture, interfaces and search tools), there are a number of usability issues such as globalisation, localisation, language, culture issues, content and human information behaviour. Digital libraries should, however, be evaluated primarily with respect to their target users, applications and contexts.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough a digital library evaluation study may have several objectives, ranging from the evaluation of its design and architecture to the evaluation of its usability and its impact on the target users, this paper focuses on usability and impact.Originality/valueThis paper provides insights into the state‐of‐the art in relation to the usability and impact of digital libraries.