Evaluating effectiveness of aircraft maintenance safety management system to reduce human errors

Occupational health and safety in hospitals is influenced by Occupational Safety and Health Management System or what is often called SMK3 which functions to regulate occupational safety and health in an industry or building. This research aims to analyze the relationship between inhibiting factors and the implementation of the occupational health and safety management system at the Royal Prima Medan Hospital. This research is an analytical survey research using a cross sectional study design carried out in June 2023. The sample in this research is all medical personnel who work in Royal Prima Medan Hospital, namely 121 people. The sample size is determined using the total population formula. Data were analyzed using the chi square test and logistic regression. The research results show that there is a relationship between HR quality, HR workload, HR work environment, wage levels and the rate of addition of new workers with the implementation of the occupational safety and health management system at the Royal Prima Medan Hospital. The most dominant variable related to the implementation of the occupational safety and health management system at the Royal Prima Medan Hospital is the wage level. It is recommended to the hospital that the results of this research can be used as input to improve and develop the level of occupational health and safety, especially for hospital workers, which can also indirectly improve the quality of service and work productivity of the hospital

Safety in aviation impacts the overall success of the sector. It depends on the effectiveness and efficiency of safety management systems (SMSs), which contain diverse and complex elements. Thus, a quantitative methodology for aviation SMS in developing countries, capable of prioritising resources with incomplete information, is needed. Grey relational analysis (GRA) is the most appropriate tool for this situation. This study assessed an existing SMS and determined its critical elements in a developing country’s aviation industry. Questionnaires were framed from the SMS manual of the International Civil Aviation Organization and from previous literature. The robustness and the efficiency of the approach were tested with data obtained from airline operators in Nigeria. Assessment of SMSs was done among airline service providers ascertaining the important levels of SMS elements. GRA was then applied to this data to identify the most influential elements of an SMS. Several companies were examined. Company A needs for a focus on sharing safety information and sensitization techniques to enable SMSs to better permeate through all levels, making employees aware of their SMS roles and duties to pursue a better safety culture. Company B needs to focus on more in-depth safety information dissemination platforms and methods. Non-punitive reporting should be done and safety promotion, culture, training and education should be prioritised. Company A has a better safety record than B. Overall, from the grey model, 12 critical elements were found out of 22 revised SMS elements that affect SMS. The major critical component was the safety structure and regulation. This is needed to build long lasting and effective SMSs. The novelty of this work is its unique application of GRA for a developing country’s airline safety.

Occupational safety and health are the main means of preventing accidents, disability and death as a result of work accidents. K3 aims to prevent, reduce, and even eliminate the risk of work accidents (zero accident). The application of this concept should not be considered as an effort to prevent work accidents and occupational diseases that cost the company a lot of money, but should be considered as a form of long-term investment that will provide abundant benefits in the future. This study aims to determine the implementation of the implementation and the level of success, as well as to determine the factors causing the delay in the implementation of the occupational safety and health management system (SMK3) in the construction project of the Hotel Santika Premiere Padang.The stage of this research is the study of various existing literatures to determine the variables to be used. The next stage is designing research questionnaires and then collecting data by distributing questionnaires directly to the field. The data obtained from the questionnaire will be analyzed for validity and reliability tests using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software.The results of this study indicate that the success of the implementation of the occupational safety and health management system (SMK3), which is taken from the average sum of all variables, is 98.5%. So that it can be concluded that the level of achievement of the successful implementation of SMK3 in the construction project of the Hotel Santika Premiere Padang is based on the determination of the success value written in the Minister of Permenaker Number: 05/MEN/1996, eligible for a certificate and a gold flag. This is in accordance with category number 3, namely "where the level of achievement of 85-100% is given a certificate and a gold flag".

This book covers the design, implementation, and auditing of structured occupational health and safety management systems (SMS), sometimes referred to as safety programs. Every workplace has a form of SMS in place as required by safety regulations and laws. The Design, Implementation, and Audit of Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems describes some of the elements that constitute an SMS, the implementation process, and the auditing of the conformance to standards. It covers more than 60 processes, programs, or standards of a system, and gives important background information on each element. Guidelines and examples show how to design and implement the risk-based processes, programs and standards, and how to audit them against standards. The text is based on actual SMS implementation experiences across a wide range of industries. It offers a roadmap to any organization which has no structured SMS. It will guide them through the process of upgrading their health and safety processes to conform to local and international standards. It will lead them away from relying on reactive safety measures such as injury rates, to proactive actions which are measured by the audit of the system. Features Covers more than 60 elements of a safety management system (SMS) Provides practical examples of how to design, implement, and audit a structured SMS Based on actual SMS implementation experience across a wide range of industries Presents the integration of an SMS into the day-to-day functions of the organization

Safety Management Systems (SMS) in aviation is now mandated in the US by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). While SMS brings with it a strong safety standard in the areas of Safety Policy, Safety Promotion, Safety Risk Management (RM) and Safety Assurance for all aviation organizations using it, at the same time it can become potentially vulnerable to accidents and incidents from a historical conflict between economic decision making (DM) and safety DM. The researchers point out the dangers of this dilemma through the example of the Alaskan Airlines door plug decompression accident of 2024 where Boeing made the decision to eliminate many of their quality assurance inspectors on the 737 Max assembly line in favor of technology. The researchers note that while the standardized SMS themes represent 4 legs on the SMS table, the tabletop that holds the SMS together is accountability. Accountability from top management, accountability from every employee and accountability of the organization through its just culture. The researchers then commence an analysis by using a Human Factors Analysis and Classification Systems (HFACS) to demonstrate how SMS accountability and the DM is constantly being challenged by revenue service accountability and DM from levels of leadership to every employee and the organization’s culture. From the HFACS analysis the researchers determined that the SMS accountability and the DM on all levels of the organization need to be influenced by ethics and good leadership in some kind of human factors training intervention to prevent the human error of the wrong DM. To help substantiate this is an organizational influenced human factors training issue, the researchers complete a historical analysis of safety reporting systems as they relate to both proactive safety programs, SMS and aviation human factors. The historical analysis points to both RM safety programs and human factors playing significant roles with safety reporting systems in making the US commercial aviation industry proactively safer. It also shows that SMS and human factors complement another to eventually merge to reduce human error and increase efficiencies. This integration of SMS and human factors is significant toward what is missing in SMS in the form of organizational human factors training and specifically ethics and good leadership training toward better DM and stronger SMS accountability. Survey data from a graduate level SMS course with ethics and good leadership in it was analyzed with favorable results.

The determining or the implementation of occupational safety and health management system is an obligation for all companies as is already mandated in Government Regulation Number 50 in 2012. The implementation have an aim to reduce the risk level of work accident noraltough the occupational illness which may be happening in work environment. The aim of this research is to cover the implementation of occupational safety and health management system at PT. PLN (Persero) Rayon Rote Ndao. This research is using descriptive analysis method with total five informants which are consist of the manager of PT.PLN (Persero) Rayon Rote Ndao, supervisor K3, office employee, field employee and engineer. The research result shows that theoccupational safety and health management system’s commitment and the policy, the occupational safety and health management system’s planning, the occupational safety and health management system’s implementation, the occupational safety and health management system’s measurement and evaluation, and the occupational safety and health management system’s review and improvement in PT.PLN (Persero) Rayon Rote Ndao have already been well applyed.

Health management systems played a crucial role in hazard reduction and prevention as well as in improving employee performance. The importance of a hospital health and safety management system and there has been no study in Indonesia with the same objective based on the OSHA indicator. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance indicators of Hospital Safety and health management systems in hospitals in the Gombong region, Indonesia, in terms of a nurse perspective. The research method used was descriptive-analytic. The sample size consisted of 450 nurses. The questionnaire used a standard questionnaire from hospital safety and health management systems which consisted of 53 questions including 6 domains; Leadership management, Hazard identification, employee participation, Hazard prevention, evaluation and improvement program, and Education and training. Using the 1-4 Likert scale of strongly disagree, disagree, agree, and strongly agree. The highest score was 4 and the lowest score is 1. Data analysis used SPPS, t-test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a significant value 0.05. Based on the research results, poor conditions occurred in several domains except in the domain of employee participation. There were significant variables between hazard identification and gender, hazard prevention and improvement program and evaluation also. Conclusion of this study, hospital administrations need to be improved and pay more attention to occupational safety and health in the workplace. To get rid of weaknesses and a mistake, we need to continuous improvement and effective evaluation of staff in training programs.

Aviation safety is a fundamental aspect of the aviation industry that must be maintained through structured and measurable systems. One strategic approach is the implementation of a Safety Management System (SMS), as mandated by the Indonesian Ministry of Transportation Regulation No. 62 of 2017. This study aims to evaluate the barriers to SMS implementation in air traffic control operations at Perum LPPNPI Yogyakarta Branch. The research was conducted from June 2025, using a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques including interviews, observation, and documentation. The evaluation model used is CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) to identify challenges in implementation and their impact on operational safety. The findings reveal that major obstacles in SMS implementation include limited personnel understanding of safety culture, inadequate facilities and technological support, and suboptimal incident reporting systems. Additionally, resistance to change and a lack of regular training contribute to the ineffectiveness of SMS application. This study recommends enhancing human resource competencies, strengthening the safety culture, and conducting continuous evaluations to ensure that SMS is not merely an administrative requirement, but is truly integrated into daily operations to improve aviation safety in the Yogyakarta area.

The role of the safety climate in the successful implementation of safety management systems

Purpose - In this study, the safety related tasks for low cost carriers’ were examined and measures to improve them were suggested. As the air demand increases rapidly, number of passenger has mushroomed in Korea and in order to keep with the demand low cost carriers have played a role. However, low cost carriers’ safety related tasks are not reliable level so far. Thus, in this study, the low cost carriers’ current situations in terms of safety are investigated, especially regarding how well the ICAO’s new safety policies are applied. Research design, data, and methodology - The results of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transportation’ investigation are introduced and field study results are analysed. Current status of retaining experts, staffs, administrators in terms of aviation safety tasks of low cost carriers is compared to those of major airliner and low cost carriers’ aviation safety culture is also analyzed by examining the systems and questioning staffs. Especially the culture regarding aviation safety is very important because the culture surrounding the safety tasks plays a major role in every respect of conducting the tasks. Results – Overall the current status of low cost carriers’ aviation safety tasks is below standard. Especially retaining experts and staffs is basically below the required level. Also, system and organization to conduct safety tasks are not satisfactory. In particular, aviation safety culture is not settled to operate appropriately. Conclusions - The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and member states are continuing to launch new safety policies in response to the surging demand for air travel worldwide. The most urgent and important issue among the various safety policies is to reduce air accidents. In order to reduce the number of accidents, ICAO decided to reduce the number of accidents by using the Reactive Safety Management. ICAO has to ensure that each member country can implement proactive safety management for aviation safety. A safety management system (Safety Management System) is a system in which each member state implements a fulfillment standard. The current situation and problems of the safety management system for each airline are suggested and proposed for improvements.

Safety Management Systems (SMS) in aviation have the potential to minimize costs, protect profits, and increase shareholder value. However, a gap exists in SMS research between the acknowledged safety benefits of SMS and the identified economic benefits. In the current competitive marketplace, SMS will need to demonstrate economic viability through modeling before industry leaders are likely to adopt a voluntary process. This paper reviews the literature related to a variety of possible economic models applicable to measuring the benefits of the application and implementation of SMS in aviation organizations. While the ultimate goal is to increase safety, the utilization of a model chosen based on the needs of the organization, could encourage voluntary adoption of SMS before regulations make it mandatory. The model will better inform the adopters of SMS of benefits and the processes themselves so that SMS does not degrade into a focus on following process steps rather than improving safety. Using good models that estimate the benefits of SMS would facilitate decision making as well as support the implementation of SMS.

The Semani Drainage Works Project (Sentosa-Remaja-A. Yani) is an initiative in the development of waterways in Samarinda City. The large-scale development and the high level of risk of work accidents on the project require close monitoring of the Environment-Based Occupational Health and Safety Management System (SMK3L). This study aims to identify potential hazards and analyze the risks of potential hazards and design improvements to reduce the impact of risks using the Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and Risk Control (HIRARC) method. The result of this research is the discovery of 117 potential hazards on projects located in three different locations. Where the drainage work on Jalan Pemuda 1 has a low risk level (low) of 21%, a moderate risk level (moderate) of 38%, a high risk level (high) of 41%, and an extreme risk level (extreme) of 0%. For drainage work on the D.I. Pandjaitan road, it has a low risk level (low) of 18%, a moderate risk level (moderate) of 31%, a high risk level (high) of 51%, and an extreme risk level (extreme) of 0%. And for the level of risk in drainage work on Sentosa road has a low risk level (low) of 18%, a moderate risk level (moderate) of 36%, a high risk level (high) of 46%, and an extreme risk level (extreme) of 0%. Risk control or improvement design focuses on Engineering Control and administration as well as Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).

The paper shows how the hazard identification and evaluation phase of a Safety Management System (SMS) is the design criteria for the whole SMS, with its procedures. In particular, the selection of risk analysis methods and their results, in terms of frequency of occurrence and consequences magnitude, set up the sizing criteria for the whole SMS. The safety in a process plant relies, among other things, on the adopted managing criteria. They affect all the plant life cycle: from plant design and construction, during the production activity, until its possible dismissing. This clearly applies also to the food process plants. The links between quantitative risk analysis steps and results and SMS procedure are discussed with reference to the food SMS, according to ISO 22000 standard. In conclusion, it is shown how a correct and careful risk analysis is necessary to design and implement a SMS able to pursue the policy’s objectives allowing an effective revision of the policy itself.

The objective of the research is to analyze how much the influence between Implementation of Safety Management System (SMS) towards Service Quality. The research conducted at Perum LPPNPI Gorontalo and Politeknik Penerbangan Indonesia Curug. Type of research is quantitative research by means of surveys with a sample of 20 respondents and an error level of 5% to ATC personnel at Perum LPPNPI Gorontalo. The data collection technique used is the Pearson Product Moment correlation followed by regression and t test. This study concludes that there is a positive relationship between the Implementation of the Safety Management System towards Service Quality with a coefficient 0.723 and a coefficient of determination 52.3%, which means that the effect of the Application of the Safety Management System on Service Quality is 52.3% and the rest is determined by other factors outside of this research. With these results, it’s hoped that it can be a source of improving and evaluating the relationship between the Implementation of the Safety Management System towards Service Quality at Perum LPPNPI Gorontalo.

Purpose of the study — This study aims to describe the Occupational Safety and Health Management System at the Public Fuel Filling Station in Tamansari–Pangkalan Village and assess its compliance with Government Regulation Number 50 of 2012. Research method— A qualitative and descriptive approach was employed to understand and explain the implementation of the Occupational Safety and Health Management System in the specified work environment. Result— The research findings indicate that the Occupational Safety and Health Management System has been effectively implemented, successfully maintaining work safety and security. Key practices include the use of protective equipment, monitoring of working conditions, establishment of a safe environment, and safety training for workers. Conclusion— The Occupational Safety and Health Management System at the Public Fuel Filling Station in Tamansari–Pangkalan Village aligns with Government Regulation Number 50 of 2012. Future research is recommended to investigate factors contributing to vehicle fires at Fuel Filling Stations in the area.