Evaluating Expectations on Museum Communication about Geo- and Environmental Sciences

Here we synthesise the results of three participatory workshops to explore sustainable development priorities in eastern Africa, and discuss these in the context of Earth and environmental science. The planet is a core pillar of sustainable development, and the engagement of Earth and environmental scientists is vital to achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In 2017, the British Geological Survey gathered 76 delegates from 48 organisations at three workshops in Nairobi (Kenya), Lusaka (Zambia), and Dar es Salaam (Tanzania). Using the SDGs as a reference tool, participants (i) identified development priorities at regional (eastern Africa) and national scales, (ii) explored the Earth and environmental science research and data needs to help address these, and (iii) co-designed relevant science-for-development projects. Participants identified sustainable development priorities to be basic (or immediate) needs, including zero hunger (SDG 2), education (SDG 4), ending poverty (SDG 1), and water and sanitation (SDG 6). Participants also described examples of Earth and environmental science research, training, technologies, monitoring and management to support sustainable development. Emerging themes included environmental data (collection, management, integration, access), policy and regulations (integrating environmental science, and policy coherence), resource management (degradation, pollution and environmental protection), and scientific education and understanding (training, knowledge exchange, public understanding of science). A comparative synthesis of existing regional and national development strategies indicates that current narratives of development interventions do not fully capture the opportunities from environmental data integration and policy coherence. Greater engagement with and by the Earth and environmental science community could help to advance these themes to support sustainable development in eastern Africa. This would support efforts to reduce environmental degradation, improve natural resource management, and inform the utilisation of natural resources to improve economic growth and social wellbeing.

Diamond Light Source Ltd celebrated its 10th anniversary as a company in December 2012 and has now accepted user experiments for over 5 years. This paper describes the current facilities available at Diamond and future developments that enhance its capacities with respect to the Earth and environmental sciences. A review of relevant research conducted at Diamond thus far is provided. This highlights how synchrotron-based studies have brought about important advances in our understanding of the fundamental parameters controlling highly complex mineral–fluid–microbe interface reactions in the natural environment. This new knowledge not only enhances our understanding of global biogeochemical processes, but also provides the opportunity for interventions to be designed for environmental remediation and beneficial use.

Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is a widely used methodology in psychological sciences; however, more broadly, environmental scientists have yet to fully capitalize on the benefits this method offers for gaining a critical understanding of subjective and behavioral responses to environmental factors. EMA enables the collection of experiences and actions occurring in one's natural environment as they unfold over time, allowing researchers to gain contextually informed, dynamic, and longitudinal insights. EMA can provide an accurate understanding of experiences and behaviors relevant to environmental science. To share this perspective, first, we describe current limitations in environmental research that could be addressed through the integration of EMA. Second, we discuss several benefits of adopting EMA in environmental sciences. Finally, we highlight the challenges and considerations involved in integrating EMA. The overarching implication of this work is to foster the interdisciplinary potential and promise of EMA methodology in advancing environmental science research.

This essay examines how minerals can become a source of artistic provocation and reflection within contemporary art practice. The essay begins by setting the philosophical and artistic context for this renewed interest. It then focuses on the work of the Swedish/Irish artist, Niamh Schmidtke during the Earth Water Sky environmental arts and science research and production residency funded by Fondation Primat and carried out at the Technical University (TU) of Berlin as part of the Science Gallery International Network. The author was the curator and producer of the programme, working closely with the artist. Niamh’s work explores the hidden histories of minerals, their different forms of expression and material presence, inspired by the philosophy of vital materialism and the understanding of deep time. Niamh's work is particularly exciting in the way in which they integrate, problematise and reveal tensions and conflicts in depicting mineral-worlds within different forms of scenographic storytelling. The connection between the exhibited minerals (their varied forms, stories and vibrancy) alongside unsettling connections of violence in extraction and exploitation are also revealed. The reference to Germany's colonial past with Namibia also reveals brutal histories and conflicts that have traditionally been overlooked. Overall, the essay concludes that Niamh’s work exhibits a new ‘tentacular’ approach to contemporary practice, where myriads of connections, media, methods, and approaches reflect a more Nature-centred approach in art, than hitherto.

Satellite remote sensing has been providing passive microwave soil moisture (SM) retrievals of a global spatial coverage and a high revisit frequency for research and applications in earth and environmental sciences, specifically after the soil moisture active and passive (SMAP) was launched in 2015. But, the spatial resolution of SM data is restricted to tens of kilometers, which is insufficient for regional or watershed scale studies. In this article, an SM downscaling algorithm was developed based on the vegetation modulated apparent thermal inertia relationship between SM and changes in land surface temperature (LST). The algorithm used data sets from the North America Land Data Assimilation System Noah model outputs and the advanced very high resolution radiometer data of the long term data record from 1981 to 2018. Here, the downscaling model was applied to visible&#x002F;infred LST data from the visible infrared imaging radiometer suite at 400-m and the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer at 1 km to downscale the L2 radiometer half-orbit 9 km SMAP SM from 2018 to 2019 for the contiguous United States. The 400-m&#x002F;1-km downscaled SM products were validated using 125 <italic>in situ</italic> SM ground measurements acquired from the International Soil Moisture Network. The validation results summarized by SM network show that the overall unbiased RMSE for 400-m of the improved&#x002F;original downscaling algorithms and 1-km SM outperform 9-km SM by 0.01, 0.007, and 0.012 m³&#x002F;m³ volumetric soil moisture, respectively, which indicates a fairly good performance of the downscaling algorithm. It is also found that precipitation has an impact on the 9-km SMAP SM.

On December 20,1996, scientists working with the Advanced Photon Source (APS) at Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois conducted “first light” experiments in a new laboratory for synchrotron radiation research in the geosciences. The demonstration marks the dawn of a new era in rock and mineral physics when, as geophysicist Thomas Duffy of Princeton University notes, researchers will be able to 'shine a bright new light on some of our planet's deepest and darkest secrets.”The new light is from the APS, a particle accelerator dedicated to the production of brilliant X rays for research, and it shone on the GeoSoilEnviroCARS (GSECARS) experimental facility. The purpose of GSECARS is to develop X‐ray beamlines at the APS and make them available to scientists for frontier research in Earth, planetary, geophysics, soil, and environmental sciences.

Ensuring data integrity is crucial for environmental research, particularly in the data-driven era, yet breaches remain a persistent challenge, and effective technical solutions are still lacking. To address this, we have developed a customized blockchain-based full-process environmental data management system (BSDMS) tailored to environmental data integrity needs. By leveraging encryption algorithms, BSDMS ensures data immutability and traceability throughout the research process. The system is publicly accessible at http://www.bsdms.org for global use. Unlike conventional blockchain systems, BSDMS employs a project-specific, limited distributed storage model that balances data security and the confidentiality of unpublished environmental data. We validated its effectiveness through three scenario tests─data transmission, processing, and storage─demonstrating its ability to ensure traceability, prevent tampering, and resist malicious attacks in environmental science. Additionally, performance evaluations across 179 researchers highlight its potential for providing verifiable, tamper-proof data for peer review and publication. Overall, BSDMS enhances transparency, reproducibility, and accountability in environmental research, ensuring the oversight and ethical compliance of data usage in environmental science research.

A facility for x-ray computed microtomography (CMT) is operating as a national user facility for earth and environmental sciences research on the bending magnet beamline at the GeoSoilEnviroCARS sector at the Advanced Photon Source (APS). We present an analysis of the source of noise in the reconstructed data, compared to data on similar samples from another instrument. We also report on careful characterization of the CCD detector, on new highspeed data collection strategies, and applications to high-pressure tomography.

Childhood lead poisoning in China: challenges and opportunities.

Biotechnology and BioengineeringVolume 23, Issue 11 p. 2641-2645 Communications To The EditorFree Access Production of cellulase from trichoderma reesei in fed-batch fermentation from soluble carbon sources A. L. Allen, A. L. Allen Enzyme and Biochemical Engineering Group Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division Science and Advanced Technology Laboratory US Army Natick Research and Development Laboratories Natick, Massachusetts 01760Search for more papers by this authorR. E. Mortensen, R. E. Mortensen Enzyme and Biochemical Engineering Group Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division Science and Advanced Technology Laboratory US Army Natick Research and Development Laboratories Natick, Massachusetts 01760Search for more papers by this author A. L. Allen, A. L. Allen Enzyme and Biochemical Engineering Group Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division Science and Advanced Technology Laboratory US Army Natick Research and Development Laboratories Natick, Massachusetts 01760Search for more papers by this authorR. E. Mortensen, R. E. Mortensen Enzyme and Biochemical Engineering Group Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division Science and Advanced Technology Laboratory US Army Natick Research and Development Laboratories Natick, Massachusetts 01760Search for more papers by this author First published: November 1981 https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231119Citations: 34AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume23, Issue11November 1981Pages 2641-2645 ReferencesRelatedInformation

Environmental science and research in China: A snapshot of the current state

AN ASSESSMENT OF SPATIAL VARIATION OF LAND SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS OF MINNA, NIGER STATE NIGERIA FOR SUSTAINABLE URBANIZATION USING GEOSPATIAL TECHNIQUES

We reviewed the concepts in OpenAlex under the level 0 Environmental Science category. Using a mixed methods analysis, we graphed the concepts using GraphViz and compared the connections between subcategories with other categorization systems. The problems that leaped out at us were hierarchization, redundancy, and relevance issues, which could make it more challenging to stumble upon relevant information in environmental science research.

Current estimates of the contribution of education to economic growth have been questioned because they ignore the interaction of education with ability. Whether the neglect of ability differences in the analyses of the income-education relationship results in estimates that are too high was considered in an earlier paper by one of the authors (Griliches 1970), and a negative answer was conjectured. In this paper, we pursue this question a bit further, using a new and larger body of data. Unfortunately, a definitive answer to this question is hampered both by the vagueness and elasticity of "education" and "ability" as analytical concepts and by the lack of data on early (preschooling) intelligence. The data examined in this paper are based on a 1964 sample of U.S. military veterans. The variables measured include scores on a mental ability test, indicators of parental status, region of residence while growing up, school years completed before service, and school years completed during or after service. These have allowed us to inquire into the separate effects of parental background, intelligence, and schooling. The basic problem and analytical framework can be set out very simply. Let income be a linear function of education and ability, or, Y a + P1E + P(2G + u, where Y is income, E is education, G is ability,

During the Late Triassic and Early Jurassic the Newark rift basin of the northeastern US accumulated in excess 5 km of continental, mostly lacustrine strata that show a profound cyclicity previousl...