Experiences with EXGAME: an expert system for playing a competitive business game

Expert systems (ES) are computer programs which make recommendations and draw conclusions from heuristic rules and from relationships derived out of human experience. A decision support system (DSS) is a computer-based management information system (MIS) linking one or more data bases to computer software for exploration and analysis of the data. Combined in a single system an ES and a DSS comprise an expert support system. A simple expert support system for use in fishery stock assessment and management is described. It demonstrates a number of practical benefits of the use of expert systems technology to implement and integrate some simple tasks, i.e., bioeconomic modelling, cost/benefit sampling analyses, and technical interpretation, namely: (1) the effects of different population structures and patterns of fishing on modelling results can be examined under the programmed guidance of the expert system; (2) the effects of different levels of sampling precision on modelling results can be similarly examined; (3) cost/benefit analyses of different sampling budgets can be examined; and (4) management advice specific to each sampling, surplus production (four different models), and net present value (NPV) case is given. An examination of the future of expert support systems in fishery stock assessment and management considers four possible levels of support, as follows: (1) to provide technical explanations, (2) to manage and catalog repetitive processes, (3) to guide “low-level decisions”, and (4) to contribute directly to strategic and policy decisions. Currently, movement in expert systems usage is toward so-called “embedded systems”, for example, an expert support system which comprises, in addition to computational models and databases, one or more expert systems. Problems related to the design and development of ESS for fishery stock assessment and management are challenging conceptual problems; the construction and programming of ESS are reasonably tractable tasks. Determining what an ESS will do is often the principle conceptual question. Expert support systems provide another tool for fishery stock assessment scientists and managers to increase their productivity.

Expert systems in management and administration - are they really different from Decision Support Systems?

Expert systems in agriculture and resource management

"Expert Systems in Economics, Banking and Management." Journal of the Operational Research Society, 42(4), p. 345

An integrated expert decision support system for agricultural management

Applications for expert systems are finding their way into every imaginable use. The expert system is a valuable tool, however, not to the exclusion of computer modeling techniques. Computer modeling and expert systems in water management have been used for over ten years to develop appropriate treatment recommendations and monitoring/control functions. Chemical treatment program development in recirculating cooling water, once-through scale inhibition, once-through corrosion control, and on-line real-time system monitoring play an increasingly important role in cooling water management practices.

Chapter 16 - Intelligent and knowledge-based waste management: smart decision-support system

Our paper describes the principles for constructing the leading expert information systems for managing the quality of an economic entity and its products based on the example of an industrial enterprise and its products. Expert quality management systems represent a unique solution for optimization and improving the operation of any company. However, their role in industrial enterprises is indispensable and should not be underestimated. Within the framework of our research and its main findings, we provide and scrutinize the systematization of modern scientific ideas about information technologies for building expert systems in the context of highlighting the subject field of their application. Our results show that the implementation of expert quality management systems in the industrial enterprises in Russia (as well as in the other countries) would lead to the considerable improvement in product quality with the reduced costs for these products. We also note that the enterprise productivity rises, and cost recovery period of invested funds shortens as a result of the deployment of these systems.

India is basically an agriculture country and the dairy sector plays a significant role in supplementing family income and generating employment in the rural areas, particularly among the landless, small and marginal farmers and farm women, besides providing cheap and nutritious food to millions of people. In India, the total milk production is extremely poor in terms of productivity in the world due to lack of proper extension system. Even though, information on various aspects of dairy cattle management is available, they are not reaching the required area of the farm units / farmers. To address this problem, a rule based expert system for dairy cattle management was developed with user friendly menus. This system interacts with users in two ways. As a decision support tool, the user can interact with the system using some arranged rules which are collection of if / then rules, collected from experts in the veterinary field. Using these rules, a knowledge base was designed for the expert system and programming codes were writeen in VB. Net. The proposed expert system provides instant access of the required knowledge on selected parameters, viz. feeding, breeding, diseases, cattle shed management, milking, fodder cultivation and health management. This expert system is useful as an online guide to the users who are involved in animal husbandry and dairy management.

Expert System Tools for Construction Planning and Control

Auditing of information security constitutes a key part of security operations taken inside organizations. Often information security problems must be addressed as quickly as possible. The purposes of this work are to provide an insight to information security management and suggest some of solutions of developing expert system. This paper discusses the development of an application, which is based on international standards on information security and protection tools. The expert system is accompanied by web-based application module, which serves as an instrument for solving various security-related problems.

The use and development of expert systems in public and private organizations continue to increase. Many of these systems are being developed for production and operations management. Unfortunately, the impacts that these systems are having in these environments have, for the most part, not been investigated. Most studies on expert systems to date centre either on the technical aspects or validation issues. No one has taken a systemic view that takes into account both the technical issues and the human issues that will have to be addressed in implementing these systems. This paper seeks to stimulate research into the overall impact of expert systems implementation in production. To this end, fourteen research propositions are developed and presented. In addition, the major variables associated with these propositions are combined into a causal model to show the relationships between them and to reveal an overall perspective of the impacts of expert systems implementation on the production process.

ABSTRACTBackground: Referees, parents and coaches are vital for co-creating the educational practice of competitive games in youth sport and influencing young players’ behaviour, learning and socialisation within the game. Coaches and parents influence players in different ways in competitive games and their behaviour can be viewed as role-modelling actions that affect players’ observational learning and communicate what is regarded as important and valuable. Referees and refereeing is an under-explored field of research; especially the experiences of referees in youth sport and soccer.Purpose: Based on a referee perspective, the aim of the article is to contribute knowledge about the educational practice of competitive games in youth sport with a focus on the pedagogical function of parents, coaches and referees within the context of grassroots youth soccer.Theory: Competitive youth games are approached as play activities conditioned by authority and respect for the game and the referee as a representative of the game and as a person. In the game, players are influenced by the pedagogical function of parents, coaches and referees and their relations direct what is possible to learn and experience. The concepts help us to understand the conditions for competitive youth games and the roles of significant others in co-creating the game as an educational practice.Method: The empirical study is part of a research project called Educating for fair play? In this project, the behaviour of parents and coaches in three grassroots soccer clubs in Sweden was explored during the 2017 sports season based on referees’ and players’ perspectives. For this article, the empirical data consists of 17 audio-recorded interviews with a total of 27 referees. A five-step qualitative content analysis has been used to analyse the data.Findings and Conclusions: From a referee perspective, the pedagogical function of parents is to act as spectators and as proponents of role respect and good referee relations. They are expected to encourage and praise the team and its players and to facilitate a friendly and holistic learning atmosphere in which all players, even opponents, are supported and included. The pedagogical function of coaches is to safeguard and promote referee respect, focus on their task as team leaders and player developers, facilitate an atmosphere of civility in which the participants in the game treat each other as worthy autonomous human beings and direct the players to focus on playing the game. Referees’ pedagogical function is to be authorities and representatives of the game, adopt a learning and improving approach, be game managers and enjoyment facilitators, communicate with and instruct and foster players, coaches and parents. By adjusting the expectations, for example of referees’ competence in relation to the level of the competitive game and balancing competitive seriousness and the spirit of play, parents and coaches can co-create an educational practice that emphasises the players’ own development and that of their educative experiences. As game managers, communicators and instructors, referees, with the support of parents and coaches, can orchestrate the game and create a joyful atmosphere of learning and development.

Expert-system technology has emerged from beneath the umbrella of Artificial Intelligence and into the mainstream of engineering problem solving. There already are several notable examples of the application of this state-of-the-art technology in the petroleum industry. Clearly, expert systems that run efficiently on standard personal computers are particularly of value. A new expert-system generator that overcomes the speed, memory and mass-storage limitations of XT/AT-class personal computers is presented in this paper. The shell is optimized for the specific characteristics of the target user, knowledge expert and computer. Expert systems developed using this shell currently are being used by our technical personnel for drilling fluid and related applications.

In this paper the author claims that a mature expert information system within educational management must incorporate the contributions of management science completely within the information system and transparent to the user/manager. Only by such a complete incorporation can the manager have the benefit of sophisticated underlying mathematical models in the analysis of data without first having to become well-schooled in the mathematics or fully aware of the questions that need to be asked. The marriage between management science and expert systems can thus allow the manager to concentrate on the problems of pedagogy, knowing that the information system will “automatically” provide the information he/she needs to make good decisions.