Exploring support systems for nurses involved with safeguarding children.

Violence against women has numerous devastating effects. Exposure to violence not only impacts women but also affects their children both physically and psychosocially. The study aimed to evaluate the psychosocial problems of children living with their mothers in women's shelters from the mothers' perspective with a phenomenological approach. Utilizing the phenomenological research method, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 14 individuals in a women's shelter in a province in northern Türkiye. The criterion sampling method, a purposive sampling technique, was employed to select participants. Interviews continued until data saturation was achieved. All interviews were audio recorded and then transcribed, and thematic analysis was applied to analyze the data. The study adhered to the COREQ checklist for reporting. The data analysis revealed four main categories (effects of violence on the mother, actions taken to protect children from violence, effects of violence and staying in a shelter on the child, and psychosocial needs for the protection of the child's mental health in the shelter) and 10 sub-themes (psychological effects, physical effects, social effects, domestic actions, organizational actions, psychological effects, physical effects, social effects, support system, and coping). The study concluded that violence significantly impacted the mental, physical, and social well-being of both women and children, posing challenges to their ability to cope with the aftermath. Women exerted considerable effort in protecting their children from violence, and they needed psychosocial support to ensure the well-being of their children's mental health during their stay in shelters.

to identify and to analyze the support systems used by family members for the adaptation process to the child's hospitalization in the intensive care unit. qualitative research, conducted in a hospital located in the Southern Brazil. Data were collected between June and July 2017, through semi-structured interviews with family members of hospitalized children. The adaptation model and thematic analysis were used for data processing. four themes emerged: family and friends as a support system; the family members of other hospitalized children as a support system; spirituality as a support system; health team as a support system. identifying the support systems used in the process of family adaptation and their manifestations of interdependence was possible. The need of the nurses to intensify the listening to strengthen the support system of the family members of the children hospitalized in the unit studied.

This paper surveys alternative approaches to financing child care at the federal level and discusses their economic implications with respect to female labor force participation, fertility, child care demand and supply, and poverty. The current system of federal support for child care is seen to consist of a series of overlapping programs that tend to create inefficiencies and inequities in the distribution of child care benefits. Four basic principles of an ideal child care system are outlined, and a general two-tiered system of support is proposed that would satisfy these four principles. The two-tiered system is centered on a refundable tax credit considerably more progressive than the current child care tax credit. A simulation analysis indicates that the proposed refundable tax credit would not cost much more than many of the more popular child care bills currently being debated in Congress.

The Circle of Security‐Parenting program is an attachment‐based intervention designed to strengthen parent–child relationships and improve parental reflective capacity. It has proven benefits for children's behavioural and emotional adjustment. However, its application with carers of children with chronic illnesses, such as cystic fibrosis (CF), remains unexplored. The aim of this study was to share observations and experiences from carers of children with CF who participated in two Circle of Security‐Parenting groups. This paper also highlights insights from clinicians who facilitated these groups to inform future service delivery. Carers of children with CF aged 6 and under were recruited during clinic appointments at a tertiary children's hospital. Groups were delivered via telehealth over 8 weeks. Experiences from carers were recorded at the end of the program. Observations from clinicians were recorded weekly after peer‐supervised reflection sessions. A descriptive qualitative design was used, with reflexive thematic analysis applied to carer reflections and facilitator debriefs to generate key themes. The risk of cross‐infection for children with CF limits families from in‐person social networks and parenting groups. Telehealth delivery of the Circle of Security‐Parenting program fostered meaningful connections and parent‐led support systems. Telehealth enabled participation but presented difficulties in replicating the emotional ‘holding’ environment integral to the program. Shared carer experiences created strong group bonds, promoting openness, mutual support and sustained connections beyond the program's end. Recruiting participants was difficult due to carer burdens, but those who attended valued the program for its emotional support, shared experiences and increased parenting confidence. Parenting groups have historically been in‐person, limiting access for carers of children with CF. Adapting the Circle of Security‐Parenting program for telehealth has meant more opportunities for support, especially in the initial years post diagnosis. This work highlights important considerations for clinicians and services supporting families affected by chronic illness.

Purpose: There have been 1,592 community enterprises(CEs) as of June, 2019 in nationwide since the first case started in 2010 as 184 CEs were designated by the government. However, the majority of CEs has been in management risk due to low investment money and technological capability compared with private companies. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to identify the current situations regarding CEs and to provide managerial implications for securing sustainability and quality growth. Research design, data, and methodology: This study basically went through an exploratory methodology. The study mainly used the secondary data for literature reviews including background, concept, previous studies about development of CEs, and also collected the primary data with interview for some CEs in Jeju from August 2019 to June 2020. Results: There have been 1,592 CEs in nationwide in 2019 since 2010. The largest type was food area including 689 general foods and 224 traditional foods. Diverse areas were recommended including café, child care, financial services, leisure sports, transportation services, library, and teen-ager services such as England. The total of 37 CEs have registered in Jeju since 2010 starting two CEs. 41% was food area but 12 CEs have closed temporarily and 2 have closed completely. Like other regions, diversification of CEs was necessary. In addition, efforts should be made to diversify the types of village enterprises, as in the case of Britain and other countries, which are the origin of village enterprises. Conclusion: First, the re-organization of system relating CEs has needed such as unification of the concept of the ordinance. Second, diversification of CEs has been recommended to promote various types of businesses. Finally, supporting system has needed to re-organize such as implementation of CEs business by JPDC (Jeju Province Development Corporation; local public corporation) and JDC(Jeju Development Center; state-run corporation). Furthermore, in order to increase the value of this research, it is necessary to develop indicators that can guarantee the sustainability of CB through expert surveys(Delphi, FGI, AHP etc.) and make suggestions so that they can come up with support methods and systems suitable for the characteristics of Jeju according to the indicators.

Providers perspectives on self-regulation impact their use of responsive feeding practices in child care

This paper addresses the critical issue of understanding the perceptions of young people from diverse vulnerable groups on the availability and effectiveness of support systems during and after crisis events. While existing literature explores the impact of crises such as earthquakes, pandemics, and war on the mental health and education of young people, it lacks insight into the subjective experiences of young people, especially those from different vulnerable groups, regarding the support systems available to them during and after such events. The SPONA project, titled “Solidarity in Supporting Young People at Risk of Poverty, Social Exclusion and Violence, as well as Young People in Crisis Situations”, sought to bridge this gap by conducting a survey involving 24 young people from various vulnerable groups, such as those facing difficulties at school, those with behavioural problems, conflicts with the law, those belonging to the LGBT group, or the Roma national minority, those experiencing young parenthood, or violence, and those residing in geographically isolated areas. Thematic analysis indicates that, despite belonging to a vulnerable group, these young people perceive the recent crises they are facing as a situation that does not directly affect them to a significant extent: in fact, they attribute greater effects of the crises on other groups. The study reveals a lack of awareness about the available psychosocial support systems, a pervasive mistrust in the support system, and a belief that help is inaccessible due to high costs and increased demand after crisis events. The recommendations resulting from the study underscore the necessity for free and easily accessible professional psychosocial support tailored to the specific needs of young people from diverse vulnerable groups. In conclusion, the findings of this study not only provide valuable insights into the subjective experiences of young individuals in vulnerable groups, but also offer practical recommendations for enhancing support systems and interventions. These recommendations aim to create inclusive and effective measures to address the needs of young people at risk of social exclusion in the aftermath of crisis situations.

ObjectiveTo summarise the direct and indirect cost incurred by the family and to evaluate the economic burden of caring for children with Down syndrome (DS).MethodsA systematic review was carried out following the Joanna Briggs guidelines. The English language studies published between 2000 and August 2024 were searched in seven databases, grey literature sources and references of the included studies. The studies were included if they assessed the cost of caring for DS children (< 18 years) or described the perception of the parents regarding the financial burden. This review included observational, longitudinal, mixed-methods and qualitative studies. Two reviewers independently screened the studies, extracted the data using a custom-made form and assessed the critical appraisal using JBI checklists. The mean and/or median costs were inflated to January 2025 and reported in US$, and the data were narratively synthesised. Thematic analysis was performed for the qualitative data.ResultsThe search retrieved 5652 records, of which 24 studies were included. A consistent higher cost was reported for DS children as compared with non-DS children, eg, cost associated with prescription drug claims was six times higher (US$2869 vs US$413, respectively). Additionally, there was a higher cost of caring for DS infants (eg, US$3453) as compared with the older (13–17 years: US$1157) DS children. Qualitative findings suggest that families incur additional medical, education and rehabilitation expenses, resulting in financial burden.ConclusionConsidering the higher financial burden, the creation of an appropriate system of care and support mechanisms may alleviate the burden and reduce the cost of healthcare. Findings highlight the gap in research and need for standardised approaches to cost evaluation.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021265312.

This chapter outlines the design and implementation of an emergency remote teaching (ERT) online support system at a Japanese university. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the authors, holding the unique position of overseeing professional development and technology, immediately began preparing a training program for teachers to accommodate shifting to online teaching. The authors developed a holistic continuing professional learning and development (CPLD) support system in order to prepare over 70 lecturers for the transition. The approach employed was based on core principles of Drago-Severson’s learning-oriented model of adult learning (Leading adult learning: supporting adult development in our schools. Corwin Press. https://us.corwin.com/en-us/nam/leading-adult-learning/book230518, 2009), alongside the concepts of distributed leadership (Spillane J, Distributed leadership. Jossey-Bass, 2006) and leadership-as-practice (Raelin JA, Leadership-as-practice. Taylor & Francis, New York, 2016). By conducting ongoing needs analysis throughout the semester, the support team was able to establish a dynamic, responsive system capable of evolving as needs arose. Teachers were surveyed to collect their feedback, and their suggestions for improvement were implemented. The lessons learned here may serve as a foundation for the development of dynamic CPLD programs that prioritize educators’ needs.KeywordsContinuing professional learning and developmentOnline teachingHigher educationCOVID-19Emergency remote teachingLeadership

Nurses working in the ER and caring for CHF patients in the emergency room, where life-threatening illnesses are cared for, must always be highly skilled and proactive. Hence, a study aimed to explore the lived experiences of emergency room nurses caring for patients with congestive heart failure and its implications for health education as a phenomenological study. The Husserlian method was used among ten (10) participants chosen through purposeful sampling. The results show that most nurses are stressed, ill-experienced, and less skilled, which led to the conclusion that nurses need a charge-up to enhance both physical skills and relieve emotional stress. This implies that more training and skill acquisition seminars should be introduced to hospitals and institutional curricula to make ER nurses more competent and ready to face life-threatening conditions like CHF. Some implications to the health education including improved training programs, curriculum development, support systems in education, emphasis on disease knowledge, empathy and patient education, and building resilience.

As the world evolves, new problems arise and this leads to a bigger barrier for students especially with education. This paper uncovers the struggles of students with regards to the new learning modality as a result of the pandemic; COVID-19. It presents and discuss findings and methods in which the researchers examined information acquired from personal interviews – phenomenological study through “thematic analysis” (Sutton &amp; Austin, 2015). Specifically, STEM Students from Samar National School were asked various questions about their experiences with education in the midst of the pandemic. 5 informants were purposively selected through selection criteria and data was collected through a semi-structured interview. As a result, the responses demonstrate how STEM students deal with the pandemic and the challenges it brings. Some students experience barriers especially doing online classes in their own homes; such as noise, doing chores, and lack of motivation. Some are not used to the new learning set-up and they only try their best to adapt with this as soon as possible. Not only with education prior but some also faced mental health struggles as an effect of the change of learning practices. Furthermore, most of the informants have comparable replies to the many issues they have experienced. In sum, the results uncovered the different challenges and struggles that these students faced with the new learning modality and how these affected their performance. This study is also about conveying a message to all students that in this fight, they are not alone.

East Nusa Tenggara Province is a province with the highest human trafficking cases in Indonesia. There were 137 cases of human trafficking in 2017 which were successfully revealed to public that caused human trafficking perpetrators were caught and prisoned including women. Correctional institute is stressful place that can affect the physical and psychological health of inmates, and it is a place that can cause various problems, especially for psychological problems of women inmate. Various stressors received can cause inmates to lose realistic expectations about their future life. Support is needed to help inmatesfaces the stress in prison. This study aimed to explore the support system and hope of women inmates of human trafficking perpetrators. The research method used was qualitative research with interpretive phenomenology approach. Participants were selected using purposive sampling technique assisted by wardens. Data was obtained through in-depth interviews with five participants. Data was analyzed by using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) and found the results that women inmates of human trafficking perpetrators obtained support system, that was social support and moral support while in prison. Finally, the inmates had good hope, they would not want to be involved again in the activity of sending Indonesian workers illegally. Support received by inmates was motivation for serving the punishment in prison and made the inmates had realistic hope for their future life.

Passing the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN) represents a pivotal milestone for nursing graduates, yet a substantial number do not succeed on their first attempt. While existing literature primarily focuses on predicting at-risk students prior to graduation, less is known about the lived experiences of graduates who fail the exam and later pass. This phenomenological study explored the perspectives of nine BSN graduates who were unsuccessful on their first NCLEX-RN attempt but ultimately achieved licensure. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analysis. Six themes emerged: (1) Key Changes in Preparation, (2) Emotional Impact, (3) Consequences of Not Passing, (4) Test-Day Stressors, (5) Mindset and Confidence-Building, and (6) Support Systems. All participants reported substantial adjustments in study strategies, including structured schedules, increased practice question volume, and targeted content review, which they perceived as the primary contributors to later success. Emotional responses to failure were profound, marked by embarrassment, self-doubt, and social withdrawal. More than half experienced tangible consequences such as delayed employment and financial strain, which often served as motivators for reattempting the exam. Test-day factors, including anxiety related to test-site procedures, weather, and fatigue, also influenced performance. Some participants emphasized the value of mindset shifts, positive self-talk, and anxiety-management techniques, while a smaller subset highlighted the importance of family, peer, or employer support. Findings suggest that NCLEX-RN remediation should extend beyond content review to include structured study planning, emotional support, and preparation for the testing environment. Nursing programs may enhance graduate success by providing early outreach, individualized study plans, and psychosocial support for those who do not pass on their first attempt.

Autistic advocates have called for researchers to engage with the needs and experiences of autistic people when planning and designing research studies. The purpose of the present study was to better understand the experiences of autistic adults participating in a language research study and how researchers can design more accessible future studies. The present study was a secondary thematic analysis of data recorded during a larger study of spoken narratives by autistic adults. During virtual research interviews, participants frequently expressed comments about the nature of the research tasks and their experiences of participation in the study. The full interview transcripts were analyzed to identify data relating to participants' subjective experiences of research participation. Thematic analysis was applied to transcripts of all comments not directly elicited by the structured narrative prompts. Four main topics and their subthemes were established based on analysis of the data set: processing strategies, attitudes toward research, awareness of the research process, and self-reflective comments about the narrative tasks. The main topics and their subthemes are discussed to derive insight into the experiences of autistic research participants. The findings are especially relevant to researchers and practitioners who conduct spoken language tasks with autistic people. To make research participation more accessible and affirming for autistic people, researchers can share specific information about what to expect before, during, and after participation.

Caregivers face numerous physical and emotional challenges when providing care to people suffering from life-threatening illnesses such as cancer. The study aimed to explore caregivers' experiencesin providing care for terminally ill cancer patients in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A phenomenological study design was conducted among caregivers of terminally ill cancer patients at Ocean Road Cancer Institute (ORCI). A purposive sampling technique was used to select a sample size of 10 participants. An in-depth interview method was used to collect the data. A semi-structured interview guide with an audio recorder was used to collect the information from the participants. Data were transcribed verbatim and analysed using a thematic analysis approach. The three themes were challenges in caring for patients, availability of social support, and coping strategies. Physical exhaustion and burnout, emotional distress and reduced social interaction were the challenges in caring for patients described by participants during the caring process. Family member support, community support and religious support were the available support systems that facilitated caregivers to care for the patients. However, adopting self-distraction towards patient behaviour, acquiring and using practical skills and following professional guidance were the individual coping strategies used by participants in caring for terminally ill cancer patients. Study findings highlight the fundamental role of caregivers in the care, and illuminate the neglected physical, psychological and social challenges they face amidst health system tensions and conflicting roles. The needs of caregivers should be embedded within cancer care, prevention and control programs, particularly in low-resource settings.