Exploring the motivations for live posting during entertainment television viewing

Introduction Nursing has a relevant role in managing mental health. It is important to identify and thereafter to enhance positive aspects of mental health among university nursing students. Aim The aim of the present study was to analyse the psychometric properties of the Positive Mental Health Questionnaire (PMHQ) in terms of reliability and validity using confirmatory factor analysis in a sample of university students. Method A cross-sectional study was carried out in a sample of 1091 students at 4 nursing schools in Catalonia, Spain. The reliability of the PMHQ was measured by means of Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and the test-retest stability was measured with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine the validity of the factorial structure. Results Cronbach's alpha coefficient was satisfactory (>0.70) for four of the six subscales or dimensions and ranged from 0.54 to 0.79. ICC analysis was satisfactory for the six subscales or dimensions. The hypothesis was confirmed in the analysis of the correlations between subclasses and the overall scale, with the strongest correlations being found between the majority of the subscales and the overall scale. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model proposed for the factors fit the data satisfactorily. Discussion This scale is a valid and reliable instrument for evaluating positive mental health in university students. Implications for Practice A good questionnaire to measure positive mental health in university students is useful not only to promote mental health but also to strengthen the curricula of future professionals.

Short message service has been growing tremendously in the last few years. Meanwhile, instant messaging service has been getting more and more popular, too. To bridge them is becoming a new promising niche because people really enjoy getting messages instantly, anywhere at any time. However, there is still not a common, unified and open standard to communicate with each other. Big instant message providers, such as AOL, MSN, Yahoo, and ICQ dominate Internet instant message systems via proprietary protocols. Although, major handset manufactures, e.g., Ericsson, Motorola, and Nokia, formed the Wireless Village Initiative to ensure interoperability of instant message service particularly; it requires buying their new handsets to support. However, people don't change handsets often. On the other hand, every carrier operator has been trying to refine its own homemade interface to short message application services with the intention to cover the complexity and security of the communication with its own short message service center. Hence, in this paper we propose an infrastructure, based on the XML-based protocol, XMPP, not only to simplify interconnections among Internet instant message systems and short message systems, but also to support legacy handsets for instant message service. Besides, most operators' short message service centers do not guarantee delivery in order. Therefore, we are also going to introduce a mechanism inside our servers in order to make in-order delivery sensitive services applicable on top of this infrastructure.

Perceived social support has been posited as an important factor in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) cessation. Although, previous research suggests that social connectedness is the mechanism through which perceived social support influences psychological wellbeing. Thus, the present study investigated whether social connectedness is the mechanism through which perceived social support functions to influence NSSI engagement. Fifty-six women with (Mage = 20.18, SD = 2.07) and 84 without (Mage = 20.24, SD = 1.98) a history of NSSI completed online measures of perceived social support and social connectedness. A mediation model was conducted with social connectedness in the relation between perceived social support from family, friends, and significant others and NSSI engagement. Findings revealed that social connectedness fully explained the relation between perceived social support from all sources and NSSI engagement. The results suggest that the relation between perceived social support and NSSI engagement is fully explained by the degree to which individuals report feeling connected to others. Implications for future research and practice will be discussed.

In recent years, China's Internet industry maintains a faster growth state, in which Instant Messaging Services has become the top utilization rate of Internet applications. This paper makes empirical study on network enterprise Instant Messaging Services, taking the fast developing Internet Instant Messaging as research background, the correlation between Instant Messaging Services Quality and enterprise Customer Loyalty as research purpose, network Instant Messaging users as research object. The research process mainly has three parts. First, this paper selects initial data through questionnaire. Then it extracts the factors of related items to Instant Messaging Services Quality based on data validity testing, ensures the study hypothesis on the extracted main factors using Correlation Analysis and constructs the study model. Finally, based on previous successful work, it applies regression analysis to test the hypothesis and reaches the conclusion which can provide some managerial inspirations.

This paper introduces a robust data embedding method under transcoding and presents several possible hypermedia applications based on the data embedding method. When a JPEG image is transmitted or uploaded through instant messaging services (IMS) or social networks services (SNS), transcoding is normally applied to the image. With transcoding, all metadata in the image is removed and sometimes pixel data itself can be modified. The data embedding method in this paper can be robust under transcoding of some IMS and SNS. Additionally, this paper introduces three applications, which are able to be operated on IMS and SNS, with the data embedding method on the JPEG image file; Image Scramble, Photo Message, and Audible Message.

Purpose: The aim of the paper is to investigate whether use of shared mobility could be explained by an attitude towards risk while controlling for sex and age on a sample of Czech university students. Methodology: An online questionnaire was used to collect data. There were 529 respondents. Ordinal regression was used to test an effect of risk-aversion, gender, and age on use of shared mobility. Findings: Risk-aversions and age were found to have a significant impact. Risk-aversion is negatively associated with use of shared mobility, and age is positively associated with use of shared mobility. Research limitations: The research was conducted on a sample of university students. This may explain why the effect of age on shared mobility is positive though other research found it to be negative when surveying also older respondents than in the sample at hand. Implications: It would be advisable for shared mobility platforms to decrease perceived risk of shared mobility (obviously it would be appropriate to minimize actual risk as well), so even more risk-averse people feel fine using it. Originality/value: The original approach in this paper was to risk risk-aversion as a trait as opposed to measuring perceived risk of shared mobility.

Psychometric properties of the Multidimensional Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale in a sample of Chilean university students

Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the most prevalent mental disorders in war-affected regions. Syria has endured 9 years of war and yet little is known about the impact of the conflict on the well-being of Syrians who remain. In this study, we investigated trauma and estimated PTSD prevalence among university students in Deir-ez-Zor, a Syrian governorate that was under the siege by ISIS for over 3 years. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used on a sample of Al-Furat university students in Deir-ez-Zor. We collected data on socio-demographics, trauma exposure, and stress levels. PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 was used to provide prevalence rate estimates, and determine the symptom severity among Syrian university students. Binary logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with the development of PTSD symptoms. Results: A total of 833 students were recruited into the study, 86.4% of the participants were exposed to at least one traumatic event. The estimated PTSD prevalence was 28.2%, and the highest PTSD rates were found among students who were forced into sexual act (46.3%). A significant association was found between PTSD and internal displacement (p = .032), academic year (p = .002), and social economic status (p = .000). Binary logistic regression indicated that PTSD symptoms were predicted by smoking and third-year university students. Conclusions: The results presented in this research revealed a high prevalence of trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms among a sample of university students in Deir-ez-Zor. These findings call for immediate actions to help the affected population in restoring their mental health, so they can be prepared to face the challenges and demands of the post-conflict period.

Prevalence of overweight/obesity and central obesity and its associated factors among a sample of university students in India

This study aimed to show whether the theoretical model of the social skills construct, proposed by Gismero (2000), is invariant in male and female samples of Peruvian university students from Lambayeque. In order to meet the proposed objective, a non-experimental, cross-sectional, comparative psychometric design by hierarchical confirmatory procedures was chosen. Two samples of university students were used, one of 1,084 female students and the other of 1,043 male students. Both groups were applied the self-report of social skills (EHS). With the data obtained, a confirmatory factor analysis of the first-order factor structure of the social skills construct was performed in each group, based on the polychoric correlation matrix. The invariance of the scale according to sex was evaluated on the basis of the second-order factor structure, by means of multigroup confirmatory factor analysis of nested models. No significant differences in the fit to the data were found between the two-factor second-order factor structure and the alternative one-factor model. Consecutive tests of configurational invariance, disturbance, and first- and second-order metrics gave evidence, respectively, that the model structure, second-order factor errors, and first- and second-order loadings are equivalent in the two study samples. With the data from the study, it is concluded that the structure of the EHS scale is invariant to the sex variable in the Lambayeque context. Received: 21 December 2022 / Accepted: 6 February 2023 / Published: 5 March 2023

The development of telecommunications has increased very rapidly since the internet-based instant messaging service has spread rapidly to Indonesia. WhatsApp is the most popular instant messaging application compared to other instant messaging services, according to the statista website users of WhatsApp services in 2018 showed significant growth by gathering 1.5 billion monthly active users or monthly active users (MAU). That number increased 14 percent compared to MAU WhatsApp in July 2017 which amounted to 1.3 billion. Daily active users aka DAU are in the range of one billion. WhatsApp handles more than 60 billion message exchanges between users around the world. This growth is predicted to continue to increase, along with the wider internet penetration. Along with WhatsApp updates with various features embedded in this application including Web-based Whatsapp for computers, this feature makes it easier for users to share data and can be synchronized with their smartphone or user's computer. Besides the positive side found in the application, WhatsApp also provides a security gap for user privacy, one of which is tapping conversations involving both smartphone and computer devices. The handling of crimes involving digital devices needs to be emphasized so that they can help the judicial process of the effects they have caused Mobile Forensics Investigation also took part in suppressing the misuse of WhatsApp's instant messaging service features, including investigating the handling of cases of WhatsApp conversations through a series of standard steps according to digital forensics procedures. Exploration of evidence (digital evidence) WhatsApp conversations will be a reference to the crime of telecommunication tapping which will then be carried out forensic investigation report involving evidence of the smartphone and computer of the victim. Keywords: Authentication, Mobile Forensics, Instant Messenger, and WhatsApp Messenger.

Instant Messaging (IM) is a service for online communication over the Internet, providing communication between individuals and communities using text, stickers, files and videos. In the early days, Users in Taiwan use Instant messaging services such as MSN and Skype. But now a large number of users in Taiwan rely on the LINE. The use of LINE has expanded from individuals to government units and even military units. In September 2014, Korea strengthened its surveillance of Kakao Talk and LINE on the grounds to prevent the spread of anti-government speech on the Internet and accessing user’s private communication content. And so far, LINE has not yet planned to establish a dedicated computer server in Taiwan. In order to prevent the communication content of users who use LINE in Taiwan to cause other Countries who is not necessary to illegally obtain it by means of side recording, back door, Trojan horse, etc., but she can be monitored, read and analyzed by legal means to pose a threat to the Information security of Taiwan. In order to enhance the awareness of information security in military units in Taiwan. This study provides how to build a private Instant messaging service and database in her own computer room. Provide reference to the Information security strategy in Taiwan that use Instant messaging service on the premise of “Information security is National security”.

Humans are fundamentally social beings, and the relationships we form with others are crucial for our well-being. Research across a variety of domains has established the association between a variety of interpersonal factors and health outcomes, including quality-of-life. However, there is a need for a more integrative, holistic analysis of these variables and how they relate to one another. Undergraduate students (n = 1456) from four universities across the United States completed self-report measures of their quality-of-life and a variety of interpersonal factors identified as important predictors across the literature. We examined zero-order correlations between these measures and quality-of-life, estimated a path model to look at unique variance accounted for by each, and finally used network analysis to examine the network of direct and indirect associations among these variables and quality-of-life. Loneliness had the strongest association with quality-of-life across all analyses. When examining the unique association between quality-of-life and each interpersonal variable, six remained statistically significant: loneliness, social support, social connectedness, emotional intelligence, intimacy with one's romantic partner, and empathic concern. These results were supported by the network model, which found direct associations between quality-of-life and these six variables as well as indirect associations with all other interpersonal variables in the model. Results from this research suggest that interpersonal factors in general, and loneliness in particular, are strongly associated with quality-of-life. Future research is needed to establish the direction of these effects and examine for whom these findings are generalizable.

The goal of this study was to investigate the gratifications Taiwanese students sought and obtained from Instant Messaging use (IM). This study also examined the relationship among gratifications Taiwanese students obtained, gender, and their frequency of IM use. A 13-motivation with 37 statements scale derived from previous uses and gratifications studies is presented along with the demographic information as an instrument to determine Taiwanese students’ gratifications from IM use. The participants were 406 undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral college students, who are the primary users of this new interactive communication technology. The results indicated there were 10 gratifications sought (Flexibility, Escape, Convenience, Companionship, Socialization, Control, Habit, Identity, Utility, and Surveillance) and nine gratifications obtained (Convenience, Escape, Companionship, Socialization, Mobility, Identity, Surveillance, Control, and Utility) from IM use. Gratifications obtained were positively associated with the frequency of IM use. Gender differences that lead to different gratifications obtained and frequency of IM use per week were also found.

Gender differences in social reactions to abuse disclosures, post-abuse coping, and PTSD of child sexual abuse survivors