Four Blocks of Attributes of a High Performing Employee

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a crucial role in economic development, contributing to employment generation and local revenue. However, their financial performance is influenced by several factors, including financial literacy, financial management practices, and financial technology (fintech) adoption. This study examines the relationship between these variables and the financial performance of MSMEs in Vigan City, Philippines. Employing a descriptive-correlational research design, data were collected from ninety (90) MSME owners and managers through a structured survey. The findings revealed that MSMEs in Vigan City exhibit a high level of financial literacy, financial management practices, and fintech adoption. However, gaps persist in the practical application of financial knowledge, long-term financial planning, and the utilization of fintech beyond basic transactions. Statistical analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between financial literacy, financial management practices, fintech adoption, and financial performance. These results suggest that strengthening financial education, encouraging proactive financial planning, and enhancing fintech integration can further improve MSME sustainability and profitability. This study provided valuable insights for policymakers, financial institutions, and MSME owners, offering strategic recommendations to enhance financial resilience, efficiency, and growth. By addressing key financial challenges, MSMEs in heritage cities like Vigan can achieve greater financial stability and long-term success.

Purpose: This study aims to explore the understanding of financial management among micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) and how such understanding influences the success and sustainability of their business. The primary focus is to identify the key financial management factors considered essential by MSME owners and the challenges they face in implementing effective financial practices. Research/methodology: This research employs a qualitative literature review methodology to analyze relevant studies, reports, and articles related to MSME financial management. This study synthesizes insights from various sources to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current practices, challenges, and factors that contribute to the financial success of MSMEs. Results: The findings indicate that a solid understanding of financial management, including cash flow management, transaction recording, and long-term financial planning, is crucial for MSME success. Despite the recognition of its importance, many MSME owners face barriers such as a lack of financial knowledge, limited access to financial resources, and reliance on manual accounting methods. Moreover, many fail to engage in long-term financial planning, which impedes their ability to manage risks and plan for business expansion effectively. Conclusions: Understanding financial management is vital for MSME success. However, limited literacy, resources, and manual practices hinder effective implementation, highlighting the need for targeted support and education. Limitations: This study is limited to a qualitative literature review, which may not capture the full range of experiences of MSME owners across different sectors or regions. Contribution:. This research provides valuable insights for MSME owners, financial institutions, and policymakers to understand the critical role of financial literacy and provide better support for MSMEs.

Along with demographic, social and technological changes, the burden on the public health care system will grow with the increase in public health expenditure from the central budget; meanwhile, private expenditures continue to snatch a larger piece. The system of health funds is of paramount importance for health care financing and long-term financial planning. However, in 2010, the reserves behind the membership and increasing contributions and thus the accumulated capital were exhausted. In our study, we will examine the factors influencing the capital reserves of health insurance funds with the help of a vector autoregression (VAR) model, focusing on three specifications: the internal processes, the capital market and the health care system. The sample covers the period between 1998 and 2018, with annual data related to all health funds. According to specific models, used memberships, bond markets’ yields, and life-span expectancy have a positive impact on the accumulation of funds by health insurance funds; nevertheless, the information available on the Internet may depreciate enthusiasm towards investment.

Decisiones de «hacer o comprar» en el ámbito de los sistemas de información: una aproximación desde la teoría de recursos y capacidades

In today’s scenario, Information Technology industries are compromising their expectations to fulfil the requirement of fresher candidates due to non-availability of job ready students. Industry invests huge cost to train the recruited manpower and make them ready for the on-job work. In this research paper, the researcher identified engineering graduate students’ employability skill sets and validated with the support of data provided by the students’ institute. All skills were grouped into four categories on the similarity and characteristics for the research work i.e., Aptitude, Communication, Technical and Personality skills set. Primary data was collected by using pen & paper test and secondary data was collected by using questionnaires method. The analysis of collected samples was carried out by using Software Package of Social Sciences (SPSS10). The researcher compared the expected performance by stakeholders and actual students’ performance in the designed test. Recruiters were unsatisfied on communication and technical skill sets from recruited engineering students in campus placement recruitment process. All technical institutes need to focus on employment skill sets from the first year to raise their employment possibilities.

Career and education choice play a central role in individual’s long-term financial planning. In defining individual’s overall wealth, we not only consider the financial wealth (net worth), but also incorporate individual’s human capital (expressed as the present value of future earnings) as a com- ponent of the wealth function. We demonstrate that human capital accounts for the majority of an individual’s wealth portfolio in most cases for most of individual’s life. By including human capital in the traditional theoretical portfolio choice framework, we show that the choice of career and edu- cation level has a significant effect on the Sharpe ratio of an individual’s overall wealth portfolio. We conclude by providing several examples of the computations of the present values of future aver- age earnings streams for individuals of various education levels from several different occupations. The calculations are meant to illustrate how an individual can perform a simple NPV-like analysis when in the process of career planning.

Cerebral Palsy is a condition that affects movement, balance, and posture due to brain damage or abnormal brain development. This public education book provides a comprehensive guide to understanding and managing cerebral palsy. It begins by explaining what cerebral palsy is, its causes, symptoms, and different types, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and intervention. The book covers medical management in detail, discussing the use of medications, therapies, and surgeries to help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. It also explores innovative therapies and research, such as stem cell therapy, robotics, and virtual reality, which offer promising future treatments. Practical advice on daily life adaptations is provided, including information on personal care, mobility aids, communication devices, and other tools that enhance independence. The importance of education and inclusion is highlighted, ensuring that children with cerebral palsy receive the necessary support to succeed academically and socially. The book addresses social and emotional well-being, offering strategies to build self-esteem, develop social skills, and foster supportive relationships. It also discusses planning for the future, including long-term care, financial planning, and legal considerations, ensuring that individuals with cerebral palsy have the support and resources they need throughout their lives. The information is presented in simple terms to ensure it is understandable for all readers, making it an essential tool for anyone looking to increase their knowledge about cerebral palsy and its management.

Raising confidence in climate projections: The past to future approach As Europe solidifies its climate policies for 2040 and 2050, the Past to Future (P2F) project seeks to validate climate models against a broader spectrum of past climate conditions. Learn why this approach is crucial for informing long-term infrastructure, land use, and financial planning. Europe’s climate policy has entered a decisive decade. As targets for 2040 and 2050 harden into legislation, governments are consulting climate models to guide choices with multi- decade consequences. The question now is whether those models are robust enough for high-stakes law, infrastructure, and financial oversight.

In order to improve the financial well-being of India's millennial population, financial literacy is essential. This group has particular financial difficulties, such as growing living expenses, debt from education loans, and expectations to become financially independent early in life. Millennials that possess financial literacy are better able to manage their money, choose wisely when making investments, and create long-term plans. Millennials may steer clear of typical financial traps by having a basic understanding of concepts like debt management, investing, saving, and budgeting. They can better negotiate the complexity of financial products and services with greater financial literacy, which improves financial security and stability. Furthermore, financial literacy encourages responsible financial behaviour, which lowers the risk of taking on excessive debt and raises the potential for wealth building. In the end, developing millennials' financial literacy is crucial to creating a generation that is prosperous and resilient financially. A sample of 219 is collected from Millennial generation to know about their financial literacy. The factors that identify the role of financial literacy on Financial Well-being of Millennial generation are Improved Budgeting and Money Management, Effective Debt Management, Long-Term Financial Planning, and Informed Investment Choices.

This study aims to evaluate the level of financial literacy integration within the Economic Education curriculum and to identify dominant and underdeveloped dimensions of financial literacy among students. The research was conducted at the Economic Education Study Program of the Institute of Education Tapanuli Selatan, involving 146 active students as respondents. The research method employed a descriptive quantitative approach, using a Likert-scale questionnaire developed based on financial literacy indicators from Atkinson & Messy (2012) and Lusardi & Mitchell (2014). The findings reveal that the integration of financial literacy into the curriculum is categorized as high, with an average score of 75.49%. The highest score was obtained in the area of personal financial planning and management (81.18%), while the lowest score was in future financial planning (68.46%). These results indicate that short-term financial literacy is well addressed in the learning process, whereas long-term financial planning requires further emphasis. This research concludes that although financial literacy integration is present, the curriculum still needs adjustments to become more practical and contextual. Recommendations include developing specialized financial literacy courses, adopting project-based learning methods, and conducting regular curriculum evaluations to enhance students’ preparedness in facing the challenges of the digital economy

The Indian bond market offers retail investors a secure and diversified investment avenue with instruments like government securities (G-Secs), corporate bonds, municipal bonds, and sovereign gold bonds (SGBs). Recent initiatives, such as the RBI’s Retail Direct Scheme, have improved accessibility, allowing individual investors to participate in fixed-income markets more easily. This study examines the structure, benefits, and risks associated with bond investments, focusing on factors like interest rates, inflation, credit ratings, and liquidity. It also highlights key challenges, including market awareness, transparency, and taxation complexities, which impact retail investor participation. Additionally, the role of digital platforms in enhancing retail bond investments is explored. By analyzing historical performance and risk-adjusted returns, this study provides insights into optimizing bond investment strategies. The findings aim to guide retail investors in making informed decisions, leveraging bond market opportunities for wealth preservation and long-term financial planning in India.

This research presents a comprehensive financial literacy model tailored for Wesleyan University Philippines' affiliated barangays, aiming to empower communities through hands-on money management. Utilizing a literature review design, the study integrates results from more than 30 studies worldwide and within the country, pinpointing financial literacy as an important skill for successful living to make informed decisions in saving, spending, borrowing, and investing. The literature highlights the three-dimensional character of financial literacy, including knowledge, attitudes, and behavior, with socio-demographic variables affecting outcomes. International and Philippine evidence identify some of the problems as low levels of financial literacy, gender inequalities, and shortcomings in long-term financial planning, especially among teachers and microenterprise owners. The model moots four main areas: money foundation knowledge, functional money skills, developing healthy financial habits, and reinforcing basic numeracy skills, all imparted through contextual local anecdotes, group sessions, and savings clubs. The participatory nature of the model elicits active learning and peer-to-peer support, encouraging improved use of banking services, higher savings rates, less use of informal credit sources, and improved financial resilience. The model highlights that financial literacy is not just knowing but also includes attitudes and behaviors and serves as a basis for individual and community well-being. Through this model, Wesleyan University Philippines hopes to assist partner barangays in developing healthier financial capabilities towards better sustainable economic security and enriched quality of life within the barangays in the 2024–2025 academic year.

The financial landscape has been transformed by rapid advances in digital technologies and financial products, creating both opportunities and challenges for Generation Z (Gen Z), the first true digital natives. Despite their extensive exposure to financial platforms, research shows that many in this cohort possess only moderate financial literacy and often struggle with long-term financial planning. This conceptual paper reviews existing literature on Gen Z's financial literacy and behavioural finance to address three objectives: (1) assess the levels of financial literacy among Gen Z, (2) examine behavioural and psychological factors influencing their financial decision-making, and (3) identify gaps in current research to propose a conceptual framework. The findings underscore that knowledge alone is insufficient without considering behavioural drivers and digital influences that shape financial outcomes. By integrating financial literacy, behavioural finance, and digital contextual factors, this study contributes to a more holistic understanding of Gen Z's financial behaviour. It offers practical insights for designing education initiatives and policy interventions to strengthen youth financial well-being in the digital era.

The young generation is the driving force of a country's economy, such as Indonesia, based on the 2020 population census of 279.2 million people, where the proportion of generation Z reached 27.94%. Where as many young people as Gen Z must be equipped with good financial literacy through financial management knowledge that supports the nation's progress. Universities play an important role in helping society, especially generation Z, by providing financial management education. The contribution of universities plays an active role in helping generation Z understand how to manage their finances effectively. Apart from fulfilling their academic duties, universities also play an active role in applying their professional expertise in the field of economics.The main aim of this community service is to equip generation Z with the importance of financial literacy so that they can use financial resources more optimally amidst very diverse and tempting promotions and consumption offers. Community engagement activities in the Tanjung Duren area of ​​Jakarta, where the majority are generation Z, will be carried out through seminars that focus on long-term financial planning, expenditure analysis and debt management.

Introduction: financial literacy the ability to manage personal finances is crucial, yet Indonesia’s rate remains low, particularly among vocational high school (SMK) students who struggle with budget control and saving. Conventional teaching methods rarely enlace theory to practice, highlighting the need for innovation Game-Based Learning provides a solution through simulations that let students make financial decisions safely. This study introduces MOMA (Money Management), a digital tool that integrates gamification and experiential learning to strengthen financial knowledge and habits.Methods: this study applied a quantitative Pre-Experimental One Group Pretest–Posttest Design involving 632 students from six vocational high schools (SMK) in Yogyakarta province. The independent variable was the learning method (MOMA-based Game-Based Learning compared with conventional methods), while the dependent variable was financial literacy. A pretest measured initial literacy, followed by treatment in experimental classes using MOMA and control classes with traditional methods, and a posttest assessed improvement.Results: the results showed an overview of students’ financial literacy levels based on the analysis of their overall scores. The mean score indicated that most students were at a moderate level of financial literacy, suggesting that they possessed a basic understanding of financial concepts but still lacked depth in certain areas such as investment management and long-term financial planning. The standard deviation value demonstrated a relatively small spread of scores, indicating that most students’ performance was clustered around the mean. This consistency reflects a relatively uniform level of financial literacy across the sample, although variations were still observed among individuals.Conclusions: the MOMA game-based learning approach effectively enhanced students’ financial literacy by providing engaging and interactive learning experiences.