Functional Model of a Self-Driving Car Control System

Studying control systems is associated with a number of problems related to the operation of the system components and the dynamics of links between the components. The development of control systems is required to interact with the changing controlled object. Some continuous processes involve products or media that are significantly longer than the machine used, which has to move to operate. In such cases, it is quite difficult to ensure the proper operation of the control system because of the stochastic properties of the medium and the high movement rate of the mechanism. The problem lies in the lack of knowledge about the content, structure, and operating algorithms of smart control systems for the working tools interacting with the soil as a polyphase medium. The creation of a mathematical model for a smart control system for the tool interacting with the soil marks the employment of innovative digital and smart technologies for cultivation. The tool and soil parameters can be recorded both before and after tillage.

The temperature control performance of a developed temperature feedback control system was experimentally investigated. The control system was based on a real-time temperature control of a cooling fluid. In particular, this study focused on the temperature control performance of a built-in motor spindle that used the developed temperature fedback control system. The built-in motor used in the study had water cooling jackets. The temperature of the built-in motor spindle was measured and feedback into the developed temperature feedback control system. Temperature control accuracy of the built-in motor spindle under steady state was then assessed. Furthermore, the effects of the time-variant changes in spindle rotation and ambient temperature on the performance of the temperature control system was investigated. The results of the experiments show that the temperature control accuracy of the built-in motor spindle under steady state condition was ±0.03°C. The temperature control performance of the built-in motor spindle under changes in the rotational speed of the spindle was examined. The experimental results show that the temperature change of the spindle could be suppressed to a maximum of approximately 0.3°C under transient state during sudden change in spindle speed. In addition, the effects of the changes in ambient and cooling water temperatures, which simulated actual environmental operating conditions, on the spindle temperature were investigated. The results show that the change in the spindle temperature could be suppressed by approximately less than ±0.1°C. These experimental results indicate that the developed temperature feedback control system achieved high temperature control accuracy and high response for the built-in motor spindle. In particular, the developed control system successfully controlled the time-variant change in the generated heat, thereby improving the thermal stability of the machine tool spindle.

The present paper is designed to give a sharper focus on the development of a traffic signal control system for a particular intersection. The study sets forth to examine the movements of vehicles, pedestrians and other types of traffic participants on their approaching, stopping and passing through a traffic-light regulated intersection. Accomplished is a critical examination and made is a road traffic model of a given intersection zone in order to help reduce traffic obstructions and congestion. Singled out, accordingly, are the respective traffic indicators along with some traffic flow dependencies and determined, subsequently, are the quantitative values of the key intersection performance indicators. Established is the criterion of optimality and refined are the algorithms to optimize the relevant length of the phases and the traffic signal cycles at the intersection area. Proposed, further, is a concrete solution for a definite traffic light control system.

This paper concentrates on development and experimental investigation of a compound control system designed for tilt stability of a narrow commuter vehicle. The control system is a combination of three different types of control schemes: Steering Tilt Control (STC) system, Direct Tilt Control (DTC) system and Tilt Brake system. These schemes utilize different types of actuators and offer complementary advantages over different ranges of operating speeds. The design of the control system is discussed. Then the combined STC-DTC system is first validated by running standard vehicle maneuver experiments such as turns and lane changes. The performance of the Tilt Brake algorithm is then verified for different low speed maneuvers. The feasibility of a stand alone DTC system is also experimentally investigated. Finally different experimental results are presented to demonstrate the effect of desired tilt angle definition on the handling of a narrow tilting vehicle.

In order to improve the efficiency of harvesters, the control system of the feed roller precision feeding has been developed and tested (we develop and test a kind of feeding roller control system which can precisely feed). This control system is based on PID control algorithm to research the automatic precision feeding control system of the harvesters. Based on the combination of the accurate automatic feeding requirement with the control process, this paper studied the application of incremental PID control algorithm aiming at automatic precise feeding control. In the experiment, an improved multi-segment adaptive PID control algorithm was proposed based on the feeding results which analyzed with different P, I and D parameters. The experimental results showed that the improved PID control algorithm can achieve automatic and accurate feeding, and its deviation is within the accepted range. This method is well-adapted which can effectively improve the operation efficiency of harvesters. But in following tasks, it is necessary to make further optimization about the characteristics of different tree species and diameter, length etc.

The stepper motor has been highlighted as a key component to achieve controlled and precise movements. This article focuses on the design and development of a stepper motor control system, with a subsequent application on a crane that will lift a small mass vertically. Each single aspect of the process has been examined in detail: from the selection and configuration of the 28BYJ-48 motor, to the implementation of the interfaces control such as the 4x4 matrix keypad and RS232 communication. In this system the control resides on the PIC18F4550 microcontroller. The control approach has had two modes: manual and automatic. In manual mode, the matrix keyboard has been used to allow direct interaction with the crane, adjusting parameters such as speed or direction. The automatic mode has demonstrated the ability to perform predefined movements, with a specific number of steps that ensure positioning accuracy. Overall, present study shows a comprehensive electronic control system, offering applicability in various technological areas. As research in this field progresses, this system provides a solid foundation for future improvements and optimizations in similar systems.

Abstract. Problem. Speed control systems are used to ensure road safety and improve vehicle efficiency by controlling traffic speed. The main purpose of the speed control system is to ensure road safety, increase vehicle efficiency and reduce the negative impact of transport on the environment by controlling the speed of traffic. Reducing speed allows drivers to react in time to unforeseen situations, stop at traffic lights, and reduce the distance to other vehicles. In this paper, we have carried out mathematical modeling of a vehicle speed control system. Goal. As a result of the analysis, the purpose of the study was highlighted: to carry out mathematical modeling of the car speed control system. Job tasks: to model the speed control system using a proportional regulator and a PID controller. Methodology. Initially, we considered a vehicle speed control system using a proportional regulator. In the process of synthesis, it was found that the use of a P-controller provides insufficiently good quality of the vehicle speed control system. It was decided to use a PID controller to synthesize the speed control system. Results. The result of the study is: optimized settings of the PID controller provide a given control time tp≈40 s with practically no overshoot, which is a completely satisfactory quality of this system. Originality. The originality lies in the fact that a PID controller with an NCD block was used to determine the transient function of the system with optimal settings. Practical value. The use of the proposed results indicates the possibility of using a PID controller to ensure the set parameters.

The researches are part of the actual work carried out by BSTU Voenmeh with the financial support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation for the design and creation of a precision mechanism with parallel kinematics of the «hexapod» type. In modern developments of robot control systems, the approach based on the solution of the inverse dynamic model is most popular. In this article, we study the quality of control and the feasibility of this approach in the control system based on the domestic radiation-resistant microcontroller. A mathematical description of the hexapod dynamics model and control algorithm is given. A model of a digital control system for the hexapod of space intended for use in Matlab Simulink is described. Estimates of the quality of hexapode regulation in the contour control regime are obtained. Evaluated the software implementation of the control algorithm in the real-time operating system Keil RTX in the programming language C++. The quantization period necessary for the implementation of the algorithm under investigation is determined.

PurposeThe paper aims to provide further study on the development and analysis of flight control system for two‐dimensional (2D) differential geometric (DG) guidance and control system based on the application of a set‐point weighting proportional‐integral‐derivative (PID) controller.Design/methodology/approachThe commanded angle‐of‐attack is developed in the time domain using the classical differential geometry theory. Then, a set‐point weighting PID controller is introduced to develop a flight control system so as to form the 2D DG guidance and control system, and the gains of the PID controller are determined by the Ziegler‐Nichols method as well as the Routh‐Hurwitz stability criterion. Finally, the classical frequency method is utilized to study the relative stability and robustness of the designed flight control system.FindingsThe results demonstrate that the designed controller yields a fast responding and stable system which is robust to the high frequency parameters variation. Moreover, the DG guidance law is viable and effective in a realistic missile defense engagement.Originality/valueThis paper provides a novel approach on the development of DG guidance and control system associated with its stability analysis.

With the rapid development of economy, the structure of power grid is becoming more and more complex, which has brought about uneven distribution of power flow, limited transmission capacity and the decline of power quality. The application of new static synchronous series compensator can quickly and effectively regulate power flow, suppress sub-synchronous oscillation and enhance system stability on the basis of guaranteeing transmission capacity. In practical engineering application, the design of control system and the realization of control algorithm are very important. In this paper, the control system of 220 kV 30MW self-excited SSSC device is developed based on the control and protection platform of serial RapidIO technology. Firstly, the main topology structure of SSSC is introduced, and the two-stage DC voltage stabilization and upper steady-state operation control strategy of SSSC using fast response control method which simultaneously regulates modulation ratio and trigger angle are expounded. Secondly, the dual redundancy control system architecture is designed, and the control system implementation scheme is designed. Finally, the RTDS power in the loop experimental system is designed, and the control algorithm is verified by RTDS experiments. The experimental results show that the control strategy and control system implementation scheme adopted in this paper can realize smooth start-up and exit of SSSC device and flexible regulation of power flow. The developed control system can satisfy the long-term reliable and stable operation of the system, especially the design of redundancy mechanism, and increase the reliability of the device operation. Follow-up static synchronous series compensator project and even FACTS project provide reference.

Paper presents brief description of AIIL Controlling System is designed for search and rescue Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV). Concept is result of few years’ development of control systems and was created to fulfill requirements pointed by Red Crescent organization in Iran. This system is a distributed controlling system operates in real-time mode and divides system overhead between stations. Furthermore it is fully customizable and portable that can be used as a platform for advanced navigation systems. Moreover it is a common control system with an open and functional architecture that can be easily added new operational interfaces without any major modifications. The system includes controlling and monitoring parts, flight simulation and also target tracking and flight path planning systems that make the system able to be utilized in real search and rescue missions.

One means of reducing the risk associated with the development of Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) and Electric Vehicles (EVs) would be the ability to more easily interchange control functions between the different vehicle concepts. A possible solution to this challenge is to integrate the traditional Computer Aided and Control System Development (CACSD) process with a framework for architectural modelling and the use of systems engineering tools such as the SysML. This paper discusses the application of this approach to an existing energy management control system. It is shown that the more abstract SysML models complement the detailed design of the algorithms within established CACSD environments.

Stochastic control of pitch motion of satellites using stabilizing flaps

This paper presents a control system design and development approach for a vision-based automated guided vehicle (AGV) based on the multi-agent system (MAS) methodology and embedded system resources. A three-phase agent-oriented design methodology Prometheus is used to analyse system functions, construct operation scenarios, define agent types and design the MAS coordination mechanism. The control system is then developed in an embedded implementation containing a digital signal processor (DSP) and an advanced RISC machine (ARM) by using the multitasking processing capacity of multiple microprocessors and system services of a real-time operating system (RTOS). As a paradigm, an onboard embedded controller is designed and developed for the AGV with a camera detecting guiding landmarks, and the entire procedure has a high efficiency and a clear hierarchy. A vision guidance experiment for our AGV is carried out in a space-limited laboratory environment to verify the perception capacity and the onboard intelligence of the agent-oriented embedded control system.

The article deals with the theoretical bases of forming of the government control system of innovative development of Ukraine’s healthcare. It has been found that innovative healthcare processes are slowly developing and need to be resolved. Among the regulatory influences, state regulation is most effective in the field of market transformations.
 The main purpose of the article is to identify the levels of governance and healthcare providers, to group and to characterize the state regulation system of healthcare innovative development.
 The article deals with the levels of hierarchical control (macro level, meso level, micro level, nano level) and the corresponding subjects involved in the process of innovative development of healthcare
 The government control system of innovative development of healthcare can be described as a continuum of functional components, properties of objects, and relations between them in order to achieve primary objectives of innovative development in the sphere. Application of clear and effective tool of government control of innovative development in healthcare is needed for realization of the government control system of innovative development of the aforementioned field and public policy.
 We state, that the signs of the government control system of innovative development of health protection sphere has been distinguished as follows: aims, main reference-point, directions and tasks of government control, general criteria of the government control system of innovative development of healthcare, methods of state stimulation of innovative activity, instruments of government control of innovative development of healthcare, evaluation criteria of instruments of government control.
 We established that the achievement of strategic aims of innovative development of healthcare is impossible without effective government control of innovative processes. Innovative processes are the specific, scale, difficult and many-sided object of adjusting. It requires the use of non-spread functions, methods of influence for effective development of healthcare.