FUTURE TRENDS AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING: AN ANALYTICAL PERSPECTIVE

The Mechanical Engineering Cooperation Agency (BKS-TM Indonesia) has established the International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in Mechanical Engineering (ISAIME) as an annual scientific forum for academics, researchers, and practitioners in mechanical engineering. The 6 th ISAIME was convened on 9 October 2025, organized by the Mechanical Engineering Study Program, Faculty of Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Department, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia, with the theme “Artificial Intelligence and Sustainability in Mechanical Engineering: Smart Solution for a Greener Future.” This symposium served as a platform to present and discuss recent advances, research findings, and innovations across a wide range of topics, including mechanical application design, energy conversion, manufacturing processes, materials engineering, and mechanical engineering education. Distinguished experts delivered a total of two keynote lectures from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia and the Université Laval, Canada, while 112 papers were presented and grouped into four thematic areas: mechanical application design, energy conversion, manufacturing processes, and materials engineering. These contributions reflect the growing role of mechanical engineering in advancing technological innovation, environmental sustainability, and human resource development within Industry 4.0. The Organizing Committee gratefully acknowledges the sponsorship and support of various companies and partner institutions, as well as the commitment of all speakers, authors, and participants who contributed to the success of this event. The knowledge and insights shared during the 6 th ISAIME are expected to foster academic collaboration, strengthen networks between academia and industry, and advance science and technology in mechanical engineering.

The article analyzes the main trends in the global market of mechanical engineering, in particular, in the branches of agricultural engineering, mechanical engineering for light industry, construction and road engineering, and energy engineering. It also addresses the structure and development trends of the mechanical engineering market by regions, changes in the business environment of the mechanical engineering industry, the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the state and development of the global mechanical engineering market, new rules and requirements for manufacturers of mechanical engineering products, and technological innovations and trends. Mechanical engineering companies today are at the epicenter of technological transformation. The mechanical engineering industry creates individual digital capabilities and intelligently combined products. Innovative processes such as related production, forecast service and innovative service models are increasingly used in mechanical engineering. The use of modern digital technologies in mechanical engineering is becoming a necessity that prevents the risks of losing relevance in the market of modern industry. Although the basic principles of mechanical engineering, such as thermodynamics, fluid mechanics and machine design, still remain in force, the latest technologies are contributing to the rapid development of composites, mechatronics and nanotechnology. These new subject areas, which are the result of modern achievements, have become a prerequisite for the development of new and promising industries, including artificial intelligence and biomechatronics. The growing demand for increased production efficiency while minimizing operating costs has led to demand for new and innovative technologies. Based on the study of the introduction of new technologies in mechanical engineering and global trends in the industry, the author substantiates the feasibility of accepting the need for globalization in mechanical engineering as a new norm, taking into account costs, tax consequences, quality and delivery in planning the existing geographical location, supply chains, strategic partnerships; reduction of the general supply cycle for better adaptation to the changing environment; optimization of existing production facilities, automation and attraction of advanced digital technologies for the establishment of work processes; implementation of advanced technologies in mechanical engineering, such as artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, nanoengineering, advanced data analytics, automation of robotic processes, blockchain, robotics, cloud computing augmented reality, 3D printing, drones, 5G, etc.; raising the qualification level of mechanical engineering workers.

A group of multidisciplinary Purdue students are working together to design, assemble, and install a Biowall in the Children’s section of the West Lafayette Public Library. A Biowall is a plant-based filter that improves Indoor Environmental Quality by cleaning indoor air and adding a natural aesthetic to the building space. Purdue has been developing Biowall technology since 2012, and this project involves redesigning it to fit into the available space at the library. The new Biowall design incorporates a watering mechanism that allows for children to get actively involved in maintaining the Biowall and learning about sustainability. This project also allowed university students to participate in the design process, manufacturing, and commissioning of the Biowall. Future add-ons to the design include a display to show current Indoor Environmental Quality, buttons to light different sections of the Biowall for an immersed learning experience. The project involved the participation of two student organizations, the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) and Boiler Green Initiative (BGI). The students from these organizations were able to learn about the designing and assembly process, while also learning how a Biowall works. The team involved in the project includes Ph.D., Masters, and Undergraduate students. The students involved came from Mechanical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Technology, Environmental Engineering, and Construction Management Technology. The project involves working with a community partner, West Lafayette Public Library, and working with Purdue Facilities Service Building (PSFB) to assemble the equipment. An undergraduate class also benefitted from the Biowall by leaning the commissioning process by taking measurements of the different components in the Biowall. Once assembled and tested at the Environmental Chamber in the Applied Energy Lab located at the Knoy Building, the Biowall will be moved and installed in the West Lafayette Public Library. The location allows for the public to learn about the research done by Purdue, the Biowall will be a tool for everyone to learn about the importance of Indoor Environmental Quality, contaminants in the indoor air, and plants that improve Indoor Air Quality. A website which includes more information about the Biowall will also be active with the installation of the Biowall, the website provides for more outreach opportunities. Detailed documentation will be provided to the Library with Standard Operating Procedures.

The issues of additive technology in relation to combined methods of tool manufacturing using electromagnetic and other types of fields as an influence on the process are considered. It is shown that the use of additive technologies in mechanical engineering is most promising for flexible-structured industries, where the products are in a state of constant improvement and updating, and are produced in a limited series. In this case, it is required systematic replacement of the tool, which ensures the receipt of parts with the required configuration and quality level. 1. The paper proposes a new approach to the use of additive technologies in combined processing methods, where the concept of a traditional tool in the form of a solid body having a mirror image of the working part relative to the treated surface is expanded to non-contact and non-force contact effects, in which the removal of the allowance and the change in operational characteristics occurs due to thermal, chemical, magnetic influences or their combinations with mechanical factors. 2. The ways of solving the problem of managing operational characteristics by creating parts from conjugate layers, the properties of which are formed by optimizing technological modes, are proposed. 3. The field of effective use of the technology of sequential layer-by-layer build-up or changing the properties of layers during contact and contactless processing on serial equipment without time-consuming readjustment or modernization of technological equipment by designing a software product for modern computing equipment is disclosed. 4. The issues of additive technology in relation to combined methods of tool manufacturing using electromagnetic and other types of fields as an influence on the process are considered. It is shown that the use of additive technologies in mechanical engineering is most promising for flexible-structured industries, where the products are in a state of constant improvement and updating, and are produced in a limited series. In this case, it is required systematic replacement of the tool, which ensures the receipt of parts with the required configuration and quality level. 5. The paper proposes a new approach to the use of additive technologies in combined processing methods, where the concept of a traditional tool in the form of a solid body having a mirror image of the working part relative to the treated surface is expanded to non-contact and non-force contact effects, in which the removal of the allowance and the change in operational characteristics occurs due to thermal, chemical, magnetic influences or their combinations with mechanical factors. 6. The ways of solving the problem of managing operational characteristics by creating parts from conjugate layers, the properties of which are formed by optimizing technological modes, are proposed. 7. The field of effective use of the technology of sequential layer-by-layer build-up or changing the properties of layers during contact and contactless processing on serial equipment without time-consuming readjustment or modernization of technological equipment by designing a software product for modern computing equipment is disclosed.

Integrated Computer Technologies in Mechanical Engineering - 2024

Global concerns on environmental and health issues have led us to the development of environmentally conscious technologies in the related academia and industries incorporating national and international research collaboration. Government laws and international regulations for reducing pollution such as the carbon dioxide and toxic waste increase production costs and impose international trade barriers, which accelerates global competition in industry. Knowledge and understanding on the environmentally conscious technologies, including eco-friendly manufacturing and design of products, renewable energy and energy harvesting, high-efficiency energy conversion, as well as marketing strategies, will allow us to provide sustainable solutions to overcome the barriers and possess international competitive power. This Special Issue aims to gather experts and scholars from related fields to present and share their recent research on environmentally conscious technologies in mechanical engineering field. Only nine articles out of 29 submitted articles were successful in meeting the expectations of the blind review process and have been selected for inclusion in this Special Issue after revisions based on reviewer feedbacks and further revisions:

The rapid growth of science and technology has had a significant impact on all sectors. As part of the reform and development of various social sectors, the traditional manual labor mode has been supplanted by modern machinery and automation technology. It reflects the progress in science and technology of China as well as the development of social civilization. This paper describes the existing problems in the application of mechanical engineering and automation technology and its future development. In short, the current mechanical engineering and automation technology still have issues to be solved in environmental protection, independent innovation, market research, and specialized talents and education. In China, mechanical engineering and automation technology should be heading in the direction of intelligence, automation, user-friendliness, scientific modernization, and integration.

This study examined the mechanical engineering research output from India, Japan, and South Korea on different parameters including growth, collaboration indices, and activity index. The purpose of the study is to understand the overall development of mechanical engineering through analytical approaches applied on the scholarly outcome of the countries considered for the study. The study focuses on analysing the articles published by India, Japan, and South Korea, and is restricted to articles indexed in the Science Citation Index – Web of Science for the period 2000 to 2014. The ratios of number of paper to citations for India, Japan, and Korea are 20,836: 1,97,679; 24,494: 2,04,393; and 30,578: 2,66,902 respectively for the period 2000-2014. The findings show that there is a decline in Japanese publications in mechanical engineering, whereas other two countries have recorded an increasing trend. While India has tripled its publications in a span of 15 years, South Korea, on the other hand, has doubled its publications in the same span of time. There has been an increasing trend towards collaboration in almost all fields of science and technology. However, the extent of collaboration and their rate of growth varied for one subject to another, one branch to another branch of the same subject, and from one country to another country. The present study analyses the growth of research publications of the mechanical engineering domain including authorship distribution, collaboration indices, prominent journals, and activity index.

Authors

This article explains the need for the research in the field of engineering terminology, the process of teaching it in foreign languages, the comparative application of engineering terms in different languages and studying the development trends. Objective of the article is to describe the methodology of teaching mechanical engineering terminology on the basis of study research in the field of mechanical engineering as a complex of heavy equipment in industry that produces household appliances, as well as consumer electronics and products of defense importance. Methods of the investigation that enabled to: study and analyze mechanical engineering terms; develop methodology of teaching mechanical engineering terms; analyze selection and assessment criteria of case studies; analyze selection and assessment criteria of project-based teaching; organize pedagogical experiments and analyze their results. It is an integral part to investigate the sphere of machine-building and metalworking industries, the production of metal products, metal structures and the repair of machinery and equipment. Furthermore, the issues of teaching engineering terminology in order to form professional foreign language competence in technical students by means of using new pedagogical technologies are of high significance. Such as, typology of terms in the field of mechanical engineering, teaching terminology whereby case studies and projects, examples of case studies and study projects are given. It is also important to pay attention to the etymology and the sources of the formation of terms, their peculiarities and definitions in special contexts as a complex human speech and language activity. Results and discussion. The article discloses the processes of activating terminology for obtaining information, through cognitive activity. Research works in the field of mechanical engineering, the practical basis of teaching terms and its effectiveness are also analyzed. The terms, vocabulary related to the field of mechanical engineering, case studies and analysis of independent work assignments are taken into account in the organization and conducting the trainings defined in the pedagogical experiment. As a result of experimental research, it was proved by mathematical statistical methods that the efficiency was achieved by 15% in case studies and 17% in educational projects. It was found that the mean value of the scores in the experimental group was 17% higher than in the control group. Hence, the research conducted has proven to be effective. Conclusions. The difficulties that arise in the process of comparing terminological activities show not only the specificity of individual languages, but also the specific role of terms in the national language system. Comparing the terminology of the English and Uzbek languages in the field of mechanical engineering not only allows to determine the general and specific features of the terms of mechanical engineering in the two languages, but also provides an in-depth study of both terminological systems.

In the bending forming process, it is well known that the relation of the forces and the strains. But it is inexplicit about the dynamic process. This paper analysed the bending forming dynamic process of the pure T2 copper. A finite element mesh is printed on the top end surface of the specimen by a hairline greasy pen. The dynamic process was carried out on a bending machine, and shot by a digital camera. The photos of forming process were processed in order to make the analysis explicitly. Through contrasted the processed photos of the different times, the shape changing could be observed clearly. And the pure T2 copper would be bended more easier in the later period process.

An Analysis on Future Prospects of Big Data in Healthcare

This chapter applauds the growing move toward social science collaboration with colleagues in other fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Drawing on several decades of experience in working with biophysical scientists and engineers, as well as on prior literature, I offer three main observations. First, STEM colleagues will often expect social scientists to play the role of public relations specialists, helping to “educate” the public, or to convince people that our STEM colleagues already have the right answers. Second, part of our job is a different kind of “science education” – educating STEM colleagues about basic principles of democratic governance. Third, we have an opportunity and an obligation to ask not just what social science can contribute to STEM, but also, what working with STEM colleagues can contribute to the social sciences. There appear to be particularly important opportunities for gaining insights into some of the less visible or obvious dynamics of power and privilege.

Commercialization of knowledge developed in universities is usually associated with the fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM). There is, however, a growing interest in fostering utilization and commercialization of research associated with the fields of social sciences, humanities and arts (SSHA) among universities, academics, knowledge exchange practitioners and funders (Ulrichsen and Athanassopoulou 2024). The SHAPE taskforce on commercialization of SSHA research was initiated in early 2022 by the business unit managers from Open Entrepreneurship and Spin-outs DK – two initiatives aimed at bolstering the commercialization of research from the eight Danish universities. During 2022 the taskforce extended from five university representatives to eight. In early 2023 the taskforce applied for funds from the InnoTech Group (Universities Denmark’s working group on innovation and technology transfer) to establish a project to assess the potential of strengthening the utilization of SSHA research from Danish universities. The project is driven by the SHAPE taskforce with support from the Open Entrepreneurship Central Unit at DTU. As part of this project, the Danish Centre for Studies in Research and Research Policy (CFA) at Aarhus University was commissioned to undertake a preliminary study of existing knowledge on the commercialization of SSHA research, also referred to as Social Sciences, Humanities and the Arts for People and the Economy (SHAPE) research. The overall project, including this report from CFA, was funded by the InnoTech Group, Universities Denmark’s working group on innovation and technology transfer.

<p>Lignocellulosic biomass is a complex natural polymer primarily composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and various other chemical components. The cellulose in the lignocellulosic biomass can depolymerize into a nano-dimension biomaterial called nanocellulose, which possesses unique features with potential application in various fields. Nanocellulose production from lignocellulosic biomass has become the subject of extensive research in the last few decades in the fields of material sciences and biomedical engineering and has attracted the attention of scientists and technologists worldwide. This production faces many challenges in utilizing the cellulose from lignocellulosic biomasses and subsequent processing for their conversion into nanocellulosic materials and their further applications in various fields of science and technology. This current review not only focuses on the production of nanocellulose from lignocellulosic biomass through different production methods but also discusses various sources, types, properties, and their applications in material science and biomedical engineering. This research review certainly shows that in the future, nanocellulose has great potential to be used as a renewable source in the field of sustainable materials and nanocomposites.</p>