Green computing: Optimize design of solar based power supply unit for IOT

When the solar array is used as an input power source, the optimum operating point tracker is often employed to exploit more effectively the solar array as an electric power source and to obtain the maximum electric power at all times even when the light intensity and environmental temperature of the solar array are varied. Usually, the optimum operating point is determined by computing the electric power from the solar array power supply with a microcomputer, DSP and so forth. However, such a method has the problems of the complex control circuit configuration, high cost and low control speed. From this viewpoint, this paper proposes a new optimum operating point tracker of the solar cell power supply system, in which inexpensive pn-junction diodes are used to generate the reference voltage of the operating point of the solar array. Using the proposed method, the high degree of the solar array optimum point tracking performance can be obtained, even when the light intensity and environmental temperature of the solar array are varied. Furthermore, the proceeding paper provides the operation principle, design-oriented analysis and so forth, of the proposed solar cell power supply system.

Since the power supply unit is an integral part of any electronic device, to ensure high quality and reliability of its operation, it is necessary to periodically check its operational characteristics and the structural solutions used in it. The lack or untimely verification procedures jeopardizes the functioning of the entire device and leaves the user vulnerable to the likely onset of sudden failures and subsequent potentially unpleasant situations. It should be borne in mind that the element base (workmanship) of the power supply units does not differ from the quality of the element base of the entire device, while this unit is an intermediary between the power supply network (parameters of the characteristics and state of the power supply network) and the main device (technical condition and adequacy of the user when using it). Therefore, the durability of the main equipment depends on the efficiency and correctness of the functioning of the power supply, the stability of its parameters. In case of a critical state of the equipment, the power supply unit itself contains a fuse (automatic emergency shutdown system), while the operation of the fuse does not allow to determine the cause (source) of the critical state (network - power supply unit - main equipment - violation of operating rules). Replacing the fuse, or replacing the power supply does not guarantee the final solution to the problem of technical diagnostics. Given the ever-increasing complexity and high cost of modern electronic devices (including those with elements of artificial intelligence), the issue of timely diagnosis of potential power supply malfunctions is critically important. Therefore, the development of scientifically sound approaches to determining the technical condition of power supplies and localizing its faults is an urgent task

The paper presents the concept of the radio base station system, their function as well as the topology of the solar power supply. The paper provides a more detailed description of the implementation of solar power plants on radio base stations as well as some design methods related to special power installations such as the solar power supply shown in this paper. All the advantages and disadvantages of the project of building solar power plants on radio base stations are listed and practical technical solutions for maintaining electrical installations in the power supply system, which are part of everyday practice, are presented. At the end of the paper, the results of the design and realisation of the solar power supply with an output power of 8kW at the "Kumane" radio base station were given.

Inverters are frequently utilized in home and industrial settings to act as an alternative source of electricity in case the utility network's electrical supply is interrupted. However, due to the low capacity of the battery, the inverter was shut down for the heavy-load appliances. This endeavour is constructed in a way that uses solar energy to get around this restriction. An inverter powered by a battery makes up the hybrid inverter with a solar battery charging system. It incorporates maximum power point tracking (MPPT) to extract maximum power from the solar panels and efficiently charge the batteries. With the assistance of driver circuitry and a transformer, this inverter can generate up to 230V. The solar power source itself and the grid power supply are used to charge the battery. If the solar power supply is available, the relay circuitry uses the solar power to supply the load. Otherwise, the load connects to the grid power supply. The battery is also charged by this solar power source to be used as a backup in the future. When solar power is unavailable, charging the battery with the main supply is a pleasant option. As a result, this inverter may last longer and give the consumer an uninterrupted power supply.

In photovoltaic (PV) grid-connected power generation systems, the needs of low-voltage DC power supply for equipment in PV power plant areas are common. This article provides a design of wide-range high-input voltage flyback power supply. Firstly, the needs of the input voltage range are analysed, and the power supply indexes are defined. Then, the design of the power supply and the transformer circuit are given. The prototype trial results are also given at the last. The results show that the designed power supply meets the requirements of equipment in PV power plant.

This study investigates the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technology with solar power systems and smart grids, focusing on the potential for improving energy efficiency in renewable energy management. A qualitative research methodology, specifically a literature study, was employed to analyze and synthesize existing research articles, papers, and technical reports related to solar energy, IoT-based smart grids, and energy efficiency. Through a systematic literature review, the study examines the role of IoT in enhancing solar power systems by providing real-time monitoring, optimizing energy distribution, and enabling predictive maintenance. The findings highlight that IoT-enabled smart grids can significantly reduce energy losses, balance supply and demand, and improve the overall efficiency of solar energy systems. However, challenges such as scalability, interoperability, and cybersecurity concerns remain, particularly in developing countries where resources and infrastructure may be limited. This research provides insights into how IoT can contribute to the advancement of solar power systems and smart grids, paving the way for a more sustainable energy future. The study also suggests avenues for further research, including addressing the scalability of IoT solutions, improving data security, and integrating advanced analytics and machine learning algorithms to enhance energy management in real-time. The findings underscore the need for collaboration between governments, industries, and researchers to overcome barriers and realize the full potential of IoT in solar power systems.

Internet of Things (IoT) provides opportunities for the internet to expand into the real domain of human life which includes industry and everyday equipment. With IoT, people are allowed to sense and to control objects remotely over existing network infrastructure. It creates many opportunities for pure integration of the physical world into computer-based systems. IoT results in increased efficiency, accuracy and economic benefits, while reducing human intervention. This paper presents the development of an IoT-based monitoring system for Solar Power Generation Applications. The Internet of Things Technology can greatly improve performance to monitor, and maintain photovoltaic solar power plants. The proposed system will display the use of current and voltage on the Solar Power Generation system online. This monitoring system is carried out using Arduino Uno and Raspberry Pi.

This paper presents a design and prototype implementation of a renewable energy-powered home with a basic home automation system using Internet Of things (IoT). The proposed system consists of two main parts; The first part consists of renewable energy (solar) power system where the power supplied to the house is produced from solar panel(s), which will be supplied to an inverter through a MPPT-based solar charge controller. A battery has been used in the system as a backup power supply which will be charged with the help of the charge controller. The excess power generated (when no home appliances are used and the battery is fully charged) will be supplied to the power grid or will be used to run an external AC motors such as water pumps. The second part consists of home automation using Internet Of things (IOT) using a Wi-Fi interface and an android application BLYNK. With the help of the mentioned android application BLYNK, the user will be able to know the current status of the lights and other electrical appliances of their house, whether the lights and other electrical appliances are turned on/off, and can remotely turn on/off the appliances and lights. The home automation in this prototype is focussed on the parts only where most of the energy could be wasted when we forget to turn off the lights, fan and power plugs while leaving the house and could be turned on/off remotely through an android app. The two subparts of the design will be finally combined to make a renewable energy-based smart home. Unlike the costly and sophisticated home automation systems available in the market, this design is cheap and simple, and can be easily implemented in our home.

Cleanroom project has gained wide application in electronics and other industries,FFU(Fan Filter Unit) system as a major energy-consuming equipment of cleanroom project,reducing its energy consumption is one of the research hotspots in the industry. Combined with solar power technology, application of solar photovoltaic power supply system in cleaning room project can significantly reduce system energy consumption. Using solar-powered for FFU system in the cleanroom project, a solar-powered FFU system is designed and developed in this paper.System architecture, hardware and software development and system implementation are introduced. application of solar photovoltaic power supply system in cleaning room project will save a lot of energy, The designed system has high energy-efficient,and will obtain significantly economic and social benefits.

Purpose The purpose of the research work is to focus on the deployment of wearable sensors in addressing symptom Analysis in the Internet of Things (IoT) environment to reduce human interaction in this epidemic circumstances. Design/methodology/approach COVID-19 pandemic has distracted the world into an unaccustomed situation in the recent past. The pandemic has pulled us toward data harnessing and focused on the digital framework to monitor the COVID-19 cases seriously, as there is an urge to detect the disease, wearable sensors aided in predicting the incidence of COVID-19. This COVID-19 has initiated many technologies like cloud computing, edge computing, IoT devices, artificial intelligence. The deployment of sensor devices has tremendously increased. Similarly, IoT applications have witnessed many innovations in addressing the COVID-19 crisis. State-of-the-art focuses on IoT factors and symptom features deploying wearable sensors for predicting the COVID-19 cases. The working model incorporates wearable devices, clinical therapy, monitoring the symptom, testing suspected cases and elements of IoT. The present research sermonizes on symptom analysis and risk factors that influence the coronavirus by acknowledging the respiration rate and oxygen saturation (SpO2). Experiments were proposed to carry out with chi-Square distribution with independent measures t-Test. Findings IoT devices today play a vital role in analyzing COVID-19 cases effectively. The research work incorporates wearable sensors, human interpretation and Web server, statistical analysis with IoT factors, data management and clinical therapy. The research is initiated with data collection from wearable sensors, data retrieval from the cloud server, pre-processing and categorizing based on age and gender information. IoT devices contribute to tracking and monitoring the patients for prerequisites. The suspected cases are tested based on symptom factors such as temperature, oxygen level (SPO2), respiratory rate variation and continuous investigation, and these demographic factors are taken for analyzed based on the gender and age factors of the collected data with the IoT factors thus presenting a cutting edge construction design in clinical trials. Originality/value The contemporary study comprehends 238 data through wearable sensors and transmitted through an IoT gateway to the cloud server. Few data are considered as outliers and discarded for analysis. Only 208 data are contemplated for statistical examination. These filtered data are proclaimed using chi-square distribution with t-test measure correlating the IoT factors. The research also interprets the demographic features that induce IoT factors using alpha and beta parameters showing the equal variance with the degree of freedom (df = 206).

The Internet of Everything (IoE), which aims to realize information exchange and communications for anything with the Internet, has revolutionized our modern world. Serving as the driving force for devices in the IoE network, power supply systems play a fundamental role in the development of the IoE. However, due to the complexity, multifunctionality and wide‐scale deployment of diverse applications, power supply systems face great challenges, including distribution, connection, charging technologies, and management. In this review, some challenges and advances in the development of both power supply systems and their units are presented. In the overall system‐level field, establishing sustainable and maintenance‐free power supply systems through wireless connections, efficient power management and integrated energy harvesting and storage systems is highlighted. Additionally, the main performance metrics of power supply units are discussed, including energy density, service life, and self‐power ability. In addition, some directions of power quality assessment for both the system and unit levels of power supply systems are presented, aiming to provide insight into the future development of high‐performance power supply systems for the IoE.

Review on hybrid geothermal and solar power systems

Статья посвящена обзору современных тенденций телекоммуникационной отрасли и показана их реализация в активном сетевом оборудовании компании D-Link. Появление цифровых сервисов способствует разработке и внедрению новых технологий, которые обеспечивают эффективность экономики и улучшают качество жизни. Клиентские приложения и устройства постоянно развиваются. Они позволяют не только просматривать Web-страницы, но и пользоваться сервисами IP-телефонии, видеоконференций, передавать мультимедийные потоки данных. В связи с возрастанием объема трафика и уменьшением его асимметричности, повышаются требования к производительности проводной и беспроводной инфраструктуры сети доступа. Развитие Интернета вещей (IoT) в различных областях жизни позволяет мгновенно получать и обрабатывать огромное количество данных. Это открывает возможности для управления различными ресурсами и предотвращения каких-либо нарушений. В свою очередь, для эффективной работы устройств IoT требуются технологии увеличивающие время жизни батарей, т.к. они, как правило, не оснащены блоком питания. Передача данных от устройств IoT выполняется через беспроводную среду передачи. Технологии 5G и 802.11ax открывают новые возможности для сетей IoT. Для снижения задержек на обработку запросов, нагрузки на каналы связи и вычислительные мощности центров обработки данных, развивается концепция граничных вычислений (Edge Computing). Ее основной идеей является обработка информации не в централизованной вычислительной среде, а в непосредственной близости от источников первичных данных («умных» датчиков, IP-камер, иных устройств IoT). Сеть имеет большое значение при реализации бизнес-процессов и образовательных процессов в организации. Компания D-Link предлагает образовательную программу, которая позволит изучить технологии современных сетей и научиться с ними работать. The paper is devoted to a review of current trends in the telecommunications industry and shows their realization in the active network equipment of D-Link. The emergence of digital services contributes to the development and implementation of new technologies that ensure the efficiency of the economy and improve the quality of life. Client applications and devices are constantly evolving. They allow not only viewing Web pages, but also using the services of IP-telephony, video conferencing, transmitting multimedia data streams. Due to the increase of traffic volume and the decrease of its asymmetry, the performance requirements for wired and wireless access network infrastructure are increasing. Evolving of the Internet of Things (IoT) in various areas of life allows instantly receiving and processing a huge amount of data. This opens up opportunities for managing various resources and preventing any disruption. Consequently, for the effective operation of IoT devices, technologies that increase battery life are required, because they are usually not equipped with a power supply. Data from IoT devices is transmitted through a wireless transmission medium. 5G and 802.11ax technologies open up new possibilities for IoT networks. To reduce delays in processing requests, the load on communication channels and the processing power of data centers, the concept of Edge Computing is being developed. Its main idea is to process information not in a centralized computing environment, but in the immediate vicinity of primary data sources (smart sensors, IP cameras, other IoT devices). The network is important in the implementation of business processes and educational processes in the organization. D-Link Company offers educational programs which will allow learning the technologies of modern networks and studying how to work with them.

One of the problem with data loggers (data recording tools) from solar panels is that their use is limited to the capacity of the internal battery as a power supply. So the higher the capacity of the internal battery, the longer the data logger can operate and vice versa. It is necessary to have a feature to set the active and inactive time of the data logger in the process of recording data to improve the efficiency of internal battery usage. In this paper, an alternative solution is presented, namely through setting the active and inactive time of the data logger by using IoT (Internet of Things) based on the current time, sunrise time, and sunset time through the API (Application Programming Interface). The test results show that the device can monitor the parameters of solar panel voltage, current, power, temperature and humidity and internal battery voltage in real-time through a mobile device. With this method, the amount of internal battery power savings is 65.56%,68.78%, and 69.21 % with the time interval for recording data every 1 minute, 5 minutes and 10 minutes respectively, which is tested for 24 hours.

Purpose. To analyze the technical and economic indicators of the use of wind and photovoltaic stations in the power supply systems of non-traction consumers of railway power grids. The research methodology is based on modern methods of computational mathematics, statistics and information analysis using modern computer technology. Findings. The authors analyze the current prerequisites for the use of electricity generated from renewable sources (wind and photovoltaic stations) to supply non-traction consumers of railway power grids. The authors note that for reliable power supply to non-traction consumers in the presence of accidental wind flow or intensity of solar radiation, the capacity of wind and photovoltaic plants will need to be significantly overestimated, which leads to a significant increase in capital costs for construction. The paper presents examples of implementation of options for the construction of the above wind and photovoltaic stations for the variable nature of wind speed and intensity of solar radiation for specific regions of Ukraine (Vasylivka, Zaporizhia region). The authors present variants of the basic schemes of wind, solar and combined electric power supply systems for non-traction consumers. Information on technical and economic indicators of the most common domestic photo modules and wind turbines on the Ukrainian market is provided. The originality of the work is reflected in the examples of the introduction of options for the construction of wind and photovoltaic stations for the variable nature of wind speed and intensity of solar radiation for specific regions of Ukraine. Practical implications. The above calculation of the cost of the required number of power sources at wind, solar and combined power plants helps to choose the least expensive option for the introduction of renewable energy sources for non-traction consumers of railway networks. Keywords: renewable energy sources, photovoltaic installation, railway power supply networks, non-traction consumers of railway power grids, electricity production, solar radiation intensity, wind flow rate, capital expenditures.