Guidelines for computerized presentation of emergency operating procedures

The design of computerized procedure presentation for nuclear power plants

New methods of information presentation and interface design are changing the working conditions in the modern Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) control room. Symptom-oriented EOPs (SOPs) with their structures and practical application are described. The Computerized Symptom-oriented Operating Procedures (CSOP) is researched, which can help the operator analyze all the symptom signals of steam generator tubes rupture (SGTR) and provide the computerized procedures corresponding to the symptom signals. This paper analyzes the accident of SGTR; the accident management of SGTR is important in reactor safety because SGTR is one of the relatively high-frequency events in pressurized water reactors PWRs. The symptom signals of SGTR and the possible accidents corresponding to the symptom signals are analyzed. The homologous measures of symptoms are summarized. The disposal of SGTR adopts the method of based on symptoms. The programs are developed by VxWorks that is a real-time operating system. The debugging of programs is processed on simulator. The test results indicated that the programs can provide operating procedures according to the symptoms of accidents. After adopting the Computerized Emergency Operating Procedures, the labor intensity and mental burden of operators are lightened. Computerized Emergency Operating Procedures can enhance the reliability, safety and efficiency of Nuclear Power Plant.

This paper describes factors that cause the information complexity and how to measure the information complexity, and proposes solutions to design a human-machine interface to reduce the complexity of system information in nuclear power plants. The factors include nuclear power control system itself, an improper automation design, new technologies of fully digital instrumentation, control, and human-machine interface that has created tremendous functionality and the price of increased system complexity, and the ill-designed humancomputer user interface. The NASA-TLX and Task COMplexity (TACOM) were adopted to measure the information complexity of screen design and emergency procedure responses, respectively. An overview of the instrumentation and control system of the EPR (Evolutionary Power Reactor), an advanced pressurized-water reactor (PWR), is presented. Its information complexity is discussed and solutions are proposed according to the general principles of humanmachine interface design. We focus on two principles that direct the interface design for the EPR project. The first is to "provide information in a satisfactory manner" to the human operator. The second is to "provide adequate information" to the human operator. This paper is the preliminary report of part of the large multi-year project addressing information complexity problems and interface design in constructions of new nuclear power plants.

Introduction. A comprehensive analysis of the development of information and communication technologies in the context of educational practice will contribute to the development of effective strategies for the modernisation of educational systems in the context of global technological change. Modern education can no longer function effectively without the integration of information and communication technologies into the educational process. Information and communication technologies open up new opportunities for personalisation of the educational process, development of independent work skills, creativity, critical thinking, and communication. At the same time, their implementation is accompanied by certain challenges: the need to modernise educational programmes, train teaching staff, provide technical infrastructure, and overcome digital inequality. The study of the historical stages of development of information and communication technologies in education allows us to understand the patterns of implementation of these technologies and identify effective strategies for their use today. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the stages of development of information and communication technologies in the context of their introduction into educational practice, to analyse the historical background of integration of information and communication technologies into education, and to identify current trends and prospects for their effective use in the educational process. Methods. The study used theoretical methods of scientific and pedagogical research analysis (dissection of historical and pedagogical material into its component parts (facts, ideas, concepts, events) allows to reveal the essence of certain phenomena, trends in the pedagogical past); synthesis (combining individual facts and provisions into a holistic view of pedagogical phenomena, used after analysis to form a generalised picture); historical and logical method (study of pedagogical phenomena in the chronological sequence and logic of their development, makes it possible to establish the patterns of development of pedagogical ideas); comparative and historical method (comparison of pedagogical phenomena, ideas, education systems in different historical periods or in different countries, allowing to identify common, different and unique); induction and deduction (induction – from individual facts to general conclusions, deduction – from general principles to explanation of individual historical and pedagogical facts); abstraction and generalisation (separation of essential features of pedagogical phenomena, construction of generalisations, concepts, typologies); prognostic method (use of historical and pedagogical experience to predict possible directions of education development). Results. The study has shown that information and communication technologies are the driving force behind the transformation of education, and their integration into the educational process requires not only technical support but also methodological training of teachers, updating of educational programmes, and rethinking of traditional educational models. The study identifies eight stages of the development of information and communication technologies; the periodisation of the development of information and communication technologies reflects the gradual transition from early forms of information storage and transmission to modern information and communication technologies. The further development of information and communication technologies in education will help to increase its accessibility, efficiency, and inclusiveness. Mass computerisation, the Internet, mobile technologies, cloud services, and artificial intelligence. The development of information and communication technologies is a multidimensional process that combines new opportunities with large-scale challenges. Successful digital transformation depends on the ability of society to effectively manage these challenges, ensuring inclusive, secure, ethical, and environmentally responsible development of information and communication technologies. Only by integrating innovation with the principles of sustainable development can a harmonious digital future be shaped. Originality. The article examines the evolution of information and communication technologies in the context of education, analyzes the key stages of their development, as well as current trends in the integration of information and communication technologies into educational practice. Particular attention is paid to the impact of digitalisation on educational processes and the formation of innovative pedagogical approaches. The main challenges and prospects for further implementation of information and communication technologies in education are outlined. In particular, attention is paid to the problems of digital inequality, cybersecurity, ethical aspects of the use of information and communication technologies, and the role of innovation in ensuring sustainable technological progress in the context of education. Conclusion. Information and communication technologies play a key role in the transformation of education, providing new opportunities for accessibility, flexibility, and personalisation of the educational process. The historical development of information and communication technologies shows their growing importance in pedagogical practice. Modern education is actively introducing distance learning formats, digital platforms, artificial intelligence, and other innovations. At the same time, there are challenges, such as digital inequality, the need for digital literacy of teachers, and cybersecurity issues. Effective integration of information and communication technologies into education requires a systematic approach, investment, and methodological support.

The development of information and communication technology is increasing in accordance with the changing times and needs of today's society, so that almost any activity or work is already subject and applying information technology and communication. The development of information technology and impact to the world of education, so that the public interest to major in computer informatics include Computer Network, Audio Visual, Graphic Design, Information Technology, etc. continue to increase both the level of high school or college level. Many enthusiasts of computer majors resulted in strong competition for the graduates to get jobs, so it needs no efforts to improve the skills and graduate students majoring in computer that does not merely want to find a job but was able to create job. STMIK Kaputama continue to perform activities of teaching, research and community service, see the strong competition of graduates and the needs of society Binjai and surrounding areas, lecturer STMIK Kaputama feel compelled to carry out community service to improve the skills of students SMKTunasPelita and AbdiNegara in the form of training computer assembly, installation of operating systems and installation of local networks and the internet to build a network of internet cafes, offices and internet village in increasing independence. With their training computer assembly, installation of operating systems and the installation of local networks and the Internet, it is expected students SMKTunasPelita and SMKAbdiNegara can further enhance the skills and entrepreneurial spirit so that they are capable of self-employed at the same time create jobs specifically to be able to receive computer repair and network cafe, internet network of offices and internet networks into the village. In addition to their entrepreneurial spirit, especially rural society also helped that the acceleration of information and communication can be further increased.

The purpose of the study is to reveal the objective transformations that have occurred in information technology. Conceptualization of these transformations is also important. System, information, network and cognitive approaches allow to reveal the main aspects of the development of information technologies - technical and technological, software and hardware, network, communication, cognitive. The article considers the evolution of information technology. The relationship of information technology with its increasing role and importance of information in the life of man and society is analyzed. Information technologies are disclosed as technologies to create, store, record and process information. Technical and technological direction of information technology development is analyzed. The connection of the information technology concept transformation and development of the information society theory, in particular, the theory of post-industrial society, information society, network society, knowledge society and the digital world is revealed. The connection of the information technology concept transformation and the emergence of the media civilization and global information space is also revealed. The article shows that the development of information technology is an important factor in the development of the information society. Technology transition (the electronic computer as a machine) to the modern stage of development of digital technologies is characterized by the formation of a single technical and technological basis for the formation of the information society. The classification of information technology according to its application scope is proposed. Information and communication technologies characterize subject-to-subject interactions, among which pedagogical and political technologies are primarily distinguished. Information space is separate area of information technology application. Information processing technologies in the information space are the basis of modern democratic discourse. An important area of information technology is the information sphere. Information sphere is the sphere of information activity, information exchange and information relations, the regulator of which is the information law. Information security technologies ensure the protection of human rights, society and the state in obtaining objective information. Cybersecurity technologies protect critical infrastructure. The technologies of reality – virtual, cognitive, and augmented – provide the ability of a person’s consciousness and thinking to process and create new information. Identifying the social significance of the technical and technological development of information technologies becomes the basis of recommendations for the implementation of a strategies for the formation of the information society in Ukraine.

Hacking is a technique carried out by someone (hacker, cracker, intruder, or attacker) to attack a system, network, and application by exploiting weaknesses with the intention of gaining access rights to data and systems. Currently, the development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is experiencing very rapid growth. The development of information technology, especially the internet, has provided many positive benefits for its users. However, the use of internet technology also has negative impacts that cannot be ignored. The increase in Cybercrime cases in Indonesia is also caused by the impact of advances in Information Technology. Based on this explanation, the aim of this research is to find out how to study law enforcement procedures for hacking victims on digital platforms and how to ensure that digital platform users are more regulated regarding cyber security. The research method used is a descriptive analytical method. The results and discussion in this research are that handling crime cases in the field of information and electronic transactions is a responsibility that has been established for investigators, especially cyber patrols, to investigate and uncover these crimes. The investigation process has a very important and strategic role in determining the success of criminal law enforcement. The quality of a good investigation greatly determines the possibility of success in the prosecution process and makes it easier to reveal material truths during the trial. In order to prevent cybercrime, it is important for individuals and governments to have a deep understanding of crime patterns in the digital realm as well as current and ongoing internet trends and behavior carried out by perpetrators of these crimes. Keywords : Hacking, cyber, digital platform

The main task of using information technologies is not only the automation of labor-intensive processing processes, a large amount of data, but also the acquisition of qualitatively new information resources. Taking into account that information technologies today play a very important role in the development of various socio-economic processes, it is important to understand that they must develop and improve. Today, there are many problems in the development of modern information technologies, which is invariably reflected in the level of economic development of Uzbekistan. The first important issue is the training of information technology personnel. In order to get good specialists, the training process must be properly organized, centralized, and must be carried out using modern technologies. Also among the topical problems of modern information technologies are the prevalence of foreign information technologies in this area and a low percentage of domestic ones. In addition, an equally important problem of the information space of Uzbekistan is the lack of coordinated work between its individual information sectors (commercial, regional, state). The lack of proper interaction between these sectors leads to their ineffective work. It should be noted here that in Uzbekistan different regions have different degrees of information content. And this is the main constraint on the development of information technology. After all, it is the high level of informatization of citizens that is a necessary component of social progress. The presented work describes an automated farm management system of the Republic of Uzbekistan, which was implemented within the framework of a scientific project of the Ministry of Innovative Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The experience of application, implementation of information technologies, information systems, scientific search systems and databases for processing, storage, analysis of data and results of scientific research, organization of research activities in the agricultural sector.

User-interface design is a central issue for the usability of a software product. In this chapter, general requirements referring to the international software ergonomics standardization and specific design features for the user interface of learning systems are presented. Orientation and feedback for the learner are the most relevant issues of interface design of learning systems. Information presentation methods appropriate for learning are proposed. Contextualization of learner support by individualized interfaces, by active and situated learning means, and contextual online help are proposed. Reflection during and after the design and development of an interface are recommended.

As the development of information technology is increasing rapidly influenced by the many discoverie s and scientific development so as to create a tool that supports the acceleration of technological development one of their communication systems The development of information and communication technologies are rapidly is encouraging companies to improve operational capabilities and services to customers. One of the information and telecommunications technology used by the company is an instant messenger technology. Instant Messeng ing technology is a new technology that can be used for communication between two or more people on a computer network, Tekonologi a new breakthrough in the development of information technology because of its excellence in providing ease of communication in real time. Keywords : Instant Messeger, Computer Networking , Teachnologi

With the rapid growth of Internet technology and the completion of the global economy, it has entered a new era. Many aspects of China's social and economic life are undergoing real historical change. The integration of Internet technology and music education is becoming a hot topic in China's computer and information technology (IT) systems and even the education system as a whole. This article aims to analyze the current state and future development of music education from the perspective of the Internet. The impact of online learning is much greater than traditional education. This study demonstrates the importance and significance of Internet technology and the role of Internet technology in the state of music education and explores the state of science and music education. This educational test analyzes the basics and importance of combining music education and computer science. This paper explores the methods and effects of integrating the Internet, information technology, and music education. This paper focuses on integrating graduate courses in the Faculty of Music Education at universities. This course sets the stage for integrating college-level music and computer science education courses with bibliographic analysis, questions, and mathematical methods. The survey shows that less than 20% of college students get the learning information knowledge of music education on the Internet. With the continuous development of network IT, the status of teachers as the main body of education in classroom teaching has declined. On the other hand, education reform is inert, and schools may not be willing to change their own operation mode to promote the development of IT. Even in the face of the pressure of external environment, the school still has the ability and resources to cope with the pressure of reform and maintain its own stability.

PurposeThere is always a matching effect in advertising persuasion – the information that matches product characteristics or target consumer characteristics is considered to be relatively more persuasive. Based on the accessibility-diagnosability theory, this paper discusses the influence of the matching degree between the information presentation (vague description and precise description) and product attribute (vertical attribute and horizontal attribute) on people's attitudes toward advertising.Design/methodology/approachStudy 1 aims to explore the impact of the matching effect of different information presentation methods (precise presentation vs vague presentation) and product attribute (horizontal attribute vs vertical attribute) on consumers' attitudes toward advertising; secondary data was used to support this research. Study 2 mainly used the situational simulated experiment to examine the results of study 1, and further explored the mediating mechanism of its matching effect.FindingsThe authors found that the matching degree between the information presentation method and product attribute will positively affect the fluency of advertising information processing, that is, the use of vague description of product vertical attribute can positively affect consumers' extraction fluency; while the use of precise description of product horizontal attribute can positively affect consumers' processing fluency, and both extraction fluency and processing fluency will positively affect consumers' attitude toward the advertisement.Originality/valueAn essential enlightenment of the research is that it sheds light on the interaction between product attribute (vertical attribute vs horizontal attribute) with the information presentation method (vague description vs precise description) from the perspective of accessibility-diagnosability theory, which explains consumers' information processing mechanisms in dealing with different advertising information.

Cultural differences may affect user experiences in many different ways. This may range from having to adapt to different data formats to understanding novel directions of reading and writing. Analyzing data presented in various forms are crucial for both information assimilation and dissemination. Different information presentation methods can substantially affect task performances. To date, limited research has been reported that investigates how users from different cultural backgrounds respond to various information presentation methods while conducting visual information processing tasks. To fill in that gap, we conducted an experiment to better understand the relationship between American and Saudi Arabian users when interacting with different information presentation methods in the context of visual information processing. The specific information presentation methods investigated in the study are textual presentation, graphical presentation, and tabular presentation. The results suggest that information representation has significant impact on task efficiency for both groups of participants. However, information representation only affected the answer quality of the American group.

This paper presents a model based on cybernetics and systems thinking principles to overcome the challenges of strengthening the harmonization of Development and Operations functions in an enterprise. This was as a result of the challenges faced in applying industry standard tools/frameworks to complex problem. DevOps is an acronym for Development (Dev) and Operations (Ops) of information technology (IT) systems and applications. DevOps paradigm emerged as a response to the growing knowledge that there exists a gap of 4Cs (communications, co-operation, culture and collaboration) between what is usually considered IT development function and what is generally considered IT operations function of an organization. This gap often widens and manifests itself in many forms such as adverse competition, team conflict, inordinate delays and inefficiency of business applications/IT systems. There is a “Wall of Confusion” between IT development and operations as stated by Andrew Shafer and Lee Thompson. This “Wall” is caused by a combination of conflicting motivations among people, processes, and technology/tooling. Hence there is a pressing need for strengthening the harmonization of Development and Operations functions of an IT organization. IT Development (including testing and assurance services) professionals often tend to come with an outlook where change is the thing that they are mandated to accomplish. The business folks depend on them to respond to fast changing business and/or technology needs. Because of this intimate relationship, Dev are often expected to bring in as much change as possible. IT Operations folks tend to come with an outlook where change is the enemy. The business folks depend on them to keep the lights on and deliver the services that make the business money today. Operations folks tend to resist change as it undermines stability and reliability of IT systems/applications. Many times the author heard that lion's share of - ll downtime is due to those self-inflicted injuries known as changes? To make matters worse and things more political and complex, development and operations teams generally position into different parts of a company's organizational structure (often with different General Managers and competing corporate politics) and often work at different geographic locations. According to a Gartner report [1], Through 2010, Gartner expects that most IT organizations will continue to focus on the basic IT processes of application development, project management and service management. They will fail toextend this process focus to all activities, and will fail to change organizational values and behaviors. There was a pressing need to dive deep in to this complex problem with a systems thinking approach. “The model leveraged here is called SNACTM. This stands for Stakeholders, Needs, Alterables and Constraints. This model is used to increase variety in the system in focus. Stakeholders are identified in categories like internal and external to the program. This involves identifying all stakeholders in the program, their needs, interests and influences. The Stakeholders, their needs, constraints and the alterables that are introduced to overcome the constraints are identified and considered. Alterables are the things that the organization believes it can alter or change.” [13][15] This model enables to identify key objectives that are common to both Dev and Ops. This also involves identifying key themes of DevOps which form the levers of transformation that is being delivered. The stakeholders, their interests and influences help focus on the key themes of DevOps strategy. This helps the program managers/directors to focus on key themes that need to be in focus to respective stakeholders at right time when they are needed the most during delivery lifecycle. The paper covers an overview, the theoretical basis on which this model has been built.

Purpose. The aim of the article is substantiation of the role of digital infrastructure in the process of digital transformation of Ukraine and analysis of the possibilities of using blockchain technologies. Methodology of research. General and special methods of economic research are used in the course of scientific research, in particular: analysis and synthesis to reveal the economic essence of digital infrastructure; statistical and graphic methods ‑ in the analysis of world trends in the development of information and communication technologies, methods of induction and deduction, abstract and logical method ‑ in drawing conclusions from the results of the study. Finding. Definitions of digital economy, suggested in domestic economic literature, are considered. The author’s definition of this concept is substantiated. Areas of activity have been identified in which the introduction of digital technologies will play a decisive role in the context of digital transformation. The Concept of the development of the digital economy and society of Ukraine and the directions of digital development defined by this Concept are considered. The types of digital infrastructures and the main digital technologies that ensure their formation are given. The essence of the concept of blockchain and the scope of its possible application in Ukraine in order to protect data and ensure cybersecurity is revealed. Originality. The author's definition of digital economy is offered, in which special value is given to introduction and real use of digital technologies in various spheres of human activity. The role of digital infrastructure and main technologies that ensure its formation is substantiated. The directions of using blockchain technologies and measures that need to be implemented for further digital transformation of Ukraine are proposed. Practical value. The results of the study will contribute to the formation of the institutional basis for further development of information technologies in Ukraine, their introduction into the real sector of the economy, and in the future ‑ building an effective digital economy focused on innovation in production and services. Key words: digital economy, digital infrastructure, digital transformation, information and communication technologies, blockchain.