Hardware Design and Development of Intelligent Meter Data Acquisition Module Based on WIFI

Objectives: To present a Smart Energy Meter (SEM) that reduces errors effectively while generating the electricity bill. Methods: This SEM confluence of modern technology and existing electrical architecture, yet it is a low-cost device suitable for the Indian environment. The proposed SEM is only incorporated with a current sensor and other associated circuitry. Findings: A quantitative comparison between our SEM and other existing SEMs revealed that the proposed SEM is superior in the economy, circuit complexity, and accuracy. With mere Indian Rupees (INR) around 3k to 3.5k, it can be designed to be used. There is no complex circuitry associated with this proposed SEM. The accuracy of the proposed SEM is also comparable with the existing meters that it could attain up to 0.7-0.9 % accuracy. Novelty: The proposed system deals with the digitalization of the billing process with the help of sensors that are used to calculate the usage time of each household device. Subsequently, it alerts the user about the consumed units using a GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) module. An Advanced Reduced Instruction Set Computer Machine (ARM7) microcontroller continuously monitors the system, and the results can be viewed through a built-in Android App. A Wi-Fi module allows for continual data updates and control of home appliances. Achievements: The real-time solution for the overloading problem is provided in this research. Keywords: Smart Energy Meter, GSM module, Relay module, ARM7, Wi­Fi module

Rapid development of modern science and technology drives the development of data acquisition technology. Data mining technology in the digital display instrument, site acquisition, and other fields has a broad demand. This paper studies the intelligent meter data acquisition method based on OPC communication. It proposes the calculation method of the operation time for key equipment based on the distributed control system and the data obtained from the comprehensive analysis are shown in DCS. It achieves real-time interaction and improved management efficiency and automation management level while reducing the workload of engineers.

Due to the actual problems of the poor real-time performance on the original physique test equipment, a kind of wireless intelligent comprehensive physique test system is studied. By using the high precision special signal disposal and A/D conversion module, the anthropometric parameters are achieved. Through the GSM and wireless Wi-Fi module, the physical datum is transmitted to the mobile phone or tablet. Through the radio frequency identification module, the information of the measured man will be storied, and identified by testing. The physical information can be print out by the way of the micro printer.

In the introduction of this paper are briefly presented the most important sources of noise in data acquisition modules and classical techniques for reducing this noise. Are clarified the types of input configurations available on data acquisition devices and are explained how should be choused and used the best configuration for an application. Also are analyzed the interference noise pick up mechanisms and the methods to minimize interference noise by proper cabling and shielding. After that it is described a new method of noise reduction, in which a square-wave signal is modulated with signal from sensor (input signal) and then it is applied at instrumentation amplifier. The amplified signal is modulated again with the same signal type before analog to digital conversion. The noise and offset voltage that appears due amplifier and from external sources are modulated only once by the final multiplier and translated to the harmonics. By using a low-pass filter, results a clear output signal with reduced noise components. Further low pass filtering it is necessary for eliminating the residual offset voltages that appears due to the use of this technique.

The pulse signal is a sort of important human physiological signal. A pulse signal acquisition system based on the virtual instrument technology is developed. The system is composed of two parts, i.e. the data acquisition equipment taking single chip microcomputer (SCM) as the core hardware and the data processing system based on LabView software on the computer. The integrated pulse sensor based on PVDF piezoelectric film is selected to translate the pulse jumpiness of checking object into electric signal which could be disposed. The feeble signals of sensor are amplified through the preamplifier and post-amplifier and filtered by active high pass filter and low pass filter. Those signals are translated into digital pulse signals by the analog to digital converter, and input computer by the serial port of SCM. Finally LabView software displays, records, save and process these signals. The pulse acquisition system based on virtual instrument could make the design become simpler and more modularization. The user interface is more friendly and convenient to operation and using.

Conventional metering demands a scenario where every month a person comes from the electricity department to the consumer's premises to take the readings of the electricity meter and further generate a due bill for the previous month. This is a tiresome process because the person visits each and every house in that particular area and collects the readings. It takes a lot of time and demands a huge manpower requirement. Many times the end user also face problems like extra bill amount, notifications from the electricity department even though the bill has already been paid. To solve the aforementioned problems, a hybrid Internet of Things–based energy management system which eliminates the third party between the end user and the energy management companies is proposed in this paper. Nowadays, smart energy meters are manufactured by the companies that are internally connected to different sensors and constructed to measure electricity voltage, current and power consumption. The data obtained from the smart meter is transmitted to the Arduino microcontroller through wire and both are physically connected. The Wi-Fi module is attached to the Arduino so that it is connected to the internet in the hotspot-enabled area. When the Arduino is connected to the internet it starts sending data to the cloud server (in this case the cloud server of the energy management company) and perform cloud processing of the data received. The end user or consumer logs in with a unique user ID and password and is able to see their energy consumption live, and if they wish they can make payment also by the gateway service.

Background: In order to better realize the real-time on-line monitoring of the working state of the coal mill and determine the status of the equipment used in the coal mill, the intelligent embedded system of the coal mill based on DSP was studied. Methods: Firstly, the working requirement of the coal mill and the task of data acquisition system have been briefly introduced, and the requirement of the overall embedded system design has been put forward. Then, the structure design was analysed including both hardware and software, and the embedded system design including digital signal processing, and data acquisition was completed. All patents related to intelligent embedded data acquisition and storage system are described in detail. Results: After that, the function test of the actual coal mill embedded system was carried out, which proved the practicability and reliability of the designed embedded system for coal mill and based on DSP. Conclusion: The embedded system improves the automation level of coal mill, and is of great significance to the on-line monitoring and research of large-scale machinery and equipment in the future.

Data quality plays an essential role in decision-making, as the latter may incorporate some risks in different application areas. In the context of industry 4.0, the amount, the versatility, and the speed of information flow for decision-making are important issues. The quality and, in particular, the dependability of data is paramount. This paper investigates the leading data quality characteristics in the industry 4.0 environment with the related issues due to various interactions. It proposes a taxonomy of data sources and flows, from acquisition to the information extraction level for decision-making. The authors highlight the specific issues of error and uncertainty propagation management as significant research challenges for designing intelligent data collection and acquisition systems for industrial manufacturing decision support within the framework of the new generation of industry development. They review data quality characteristics definition and assessment requirements, and suggest classifying these characteristics into four categories. Data quality assessment methods and models with relation to decision-making are also examined. They willfully left aside the investigation of data quality improvement processes for a future more detailed paper.

Rotating machinery is the most extensive type of machinery in the industry, which is the key equipment in many industries. Therefore, once the rotating machinery fails, it will cause huge economic losses, which requires us to monitor and diagnose the equipment status. Therefore, the rotating mechanical equipment must have an intelligent data acquisition system, which can collect the state of mechanical operation. Through real-time information collection, the rotating machinery can be monitored and diagnosed in real time, which will reduce the accident shutdown rate and maintenance costs. Therefore, the rotating machinery can reduce the production cost, which will avoid rabbit accidents and ensure the safety of production. Arm is an embedded computer system, which can be used for intelligent data collection flexibly. Firstly, this paper analyzes the application of embedded system in the rotating machinery monitoring system. Then, the hardware scheme and software of the system are designed.

Smart meter, as a key part of the smart grid, is responsible for collecting the user characteristics in the advanced metering infrastructure. As more and more applications have been upgraded to the IPv6 protocol, 6LoWPAN can potentially replace the ZigBee as the standard protocol in the “Internet of Things” area. Representing an application of IPv6 technology in the smart metering, this article introduces the design of an electricity information acquisition module. With STM32 microprocessor and SI4432 RF transmitter/receiver embedded in this module, a LAN has been set up for the data transmission based on the 6LoWPAN. The individual and system tests of this advanced module have shown its robustness, interference immunity, high network stability and lower power consumption comparing with other modules with different hardware and operating systems.

With the development of optical communication technology, it's application was more and more extensive. Researchers had proposed a new type of optical communication technology, which connected the high-speed internet wire device to LED lighting device, LED as a signal generator was used for indoor wireless access to the local area network, using the light emitted by the LED as the carrier wave, the drive circuit modulated the network data to the visible light emitted by LED. LED was switched on and off at a frequency that the human eye couldn't perceive, and a light pulse signal carrying information was sent out, the light signal of LED was sent out with an electrical signal. After transmission through atmospheric channel, the receiving end converts the optical pulse signal into electrical pulse signal through diode and other photosensitive devices, and then the original transmission information of demodulation ended through circuit processing, so as to realize the function of communication. In this paper the design of a mail sorting vehicle system based on visible light control was introduced. The principle was this new type of optical communication technology. The mail sorting vehicle system controlled by LED visible light consists of four parts: visible light communication system, light-controlled mail car system, server and client. It could make the logistics sorting and handling system more intelligent and modern, for managers, enterprises, units to provided better decision-making and management basis.

With the increasing maturity of adaptive signal processing technology, signal interference caused during electronic communication signal processing has become increasingly prominent. Therefore, this paper proposes to use the analysis of signal periodic characteristics and interference characteristics as variables, and modify the update relationship of step length in traditional algorithms. This enables the improved adaptive filtering algorithm to maintain its fast adaptive characteristics and excellent adaptive interference performance even under low signal-to-noise ratio conditions, achieving good experimental results. It can effectively extract changes in the periodic characteristics of communication signals. The application of the variable step-size least-squares algorithm for tracking time-varying signals is explored, specifically by introducing changes in the adaptive forgetting factor during the update process. This allows the forgetting factor value to be more flexible and have a more appropriate numerical range, thereby further enhancing its interference suppression capability and numerical stability. Under the same signal-to-noise ratio conditions (5 dB), the convergence speed of the improved variable step-size least-squares algorithm increased by 67%, and the steady-state value decreased by 2.7 dB. Similarly, in the application scenario of improving the time-varying tracking of the recursive least squares algorithm, when the interference signal-to-noise ratio is 20 dB, the convergence time is only 17.8 ms. This paper analyzes how to effectively improve the signal processing capability and interference resistance performance in the electronic communication signal processing process, thereby enhancing signal processing quality and effectiveness.

In the previous article about detecting train arrivals [4], we discussed the data transmission process which is the weakness of the system. This article discusses how to overcome these shortcomings. Distance detection systems need to be added to devices that are more powerful and faster in transmitting data. The prototype is built based on the development of the previous prototype. The initial product is a distance detector that has a motion sensor and a data transmission module in the form of Lora 400 MHz and a GSM module. Product development includes the addition of the NodeMCU WIFI module to existing devices. System development aims to: (1) Develop a distance detection system equipped with a WIFI module; and (2) Increase the data transmission speed of the distance detection system equipped with the WIFI NodeMCU module. The implementation method uses research and development techniques [3]. System development takes 6 months, with the stages of completion being system requirements analysis, hardware, and software design, system prototyping, and tool testing. Checklist data and delivery time are used as test data. Furthermore, the data is analyzed quantitatively to determine the achievement of results according to predetermined indicators. The device is equipped with a GPS module, a Lora-R02 receiver and transmitter module, and a Nodemcu ESP8266 module as a replacement for the 900A SIM module which transmits data faster. When the device is being tested, all the sensors of the tool work well at range of 125 meters (previously less than 100 meters). While the Lora module can react when the object has reached a distance of 300 meters. Data transmission previously using GSM modules took 10-13 seconds. After using the WIFI module, data transmission only takes 1-3 seconds.

This paper analyzes narrowband interference suppression using temporal and frequency processing techniques for pulse signal detection. We implement a stand-alone interference suppressor on field programmable gate array (FPGA) based on digital tuning and 1st-order notch filtering. When a pulse signal along with narrowband interference is detected through spectral measurements, the interference signal is translated to zero frequency using down converter and filtered out by a simple high-pass infinite impulse response (IIR). The original pulse signal is translated to its previous frequency using corresponding up converter after alleviating the effects of interference. Furthermore, we deduce the frequency interval between pulse signal and narrowband interference to satisfy interference suppression performance. Experimental results show that the proposed interference suppressor can reduce narrowband interference effect and detect pulse signal under acceptable rms value.

This paper establishes a smart meter reading solution with Long Rang (Lo Ra) as the regional dedicated communication network to provide a communication guarantee for automatic meter reading in multiple application scenarios. First, the paper analyzes the key performance indicators of LoRa technology. Based on the analysis of system performance and function, combined with the requirements of the power industry and application scenarios, the architecture design, and hardware and software design scheme of smart meter reading system with LoRa are presented. On this basis, an optimization method of LoRa key performance indicators is proposed. Finally, after comparing the communication distance, communication energy consumption, and meter reading success rate, the superiority of the smart meter reading solution based on LoRa was confirmed.