HELEN’S CHARACTER: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS

Along with 21st-century spinoffs The Sarah Jane Adventures and Torchwood, the iconic British science fiction series Doctor Who has engaged with Greek mythological characters and storylines across five decades. This chapter explores trends in this engagement. Troy and Atlantis are settings for the time-travelling Doctor inadvertently to set in motion events leading to their fall (‘The Myth Makers’, 1965, ‘Time Monster’, 1972), Medusa and the Minotaur are creatures in a fantasy world (‘The Mind Robber’, 1968) and stories of the Argonauts, the Minotaur and the Trojan War are set in space (‘Underworld’, 1978, ‘The Armageddon Factor’, 1979 and ‘The Horns of Nimon’, 1979-80). More recently, Greek mythological objects are cast as alien: e.g. Philoctetes (‘Greeks Bearing Gifts’, 2006), the Gorgon (‘The Eye of the Gorgon’, 2007), Pandora’s box (‘The Pandorica Opens’, 2010), the Minotaur (‘The God Complex’, 2011), and the Siren (‘The Curse of the Black Spot’, 2011). Evidence for the popularity of Greek mythology amongst contemporary viewers is discussed. By tracing shifting intersections between Greek myth and the ever-developing mythology of Doctor Who, this chapter considers how the long-running series anticipates, plays with and informs audience knowledge of Greek mythology, and spurs them on towards criticism and invention.

An allusion is a reference to a well-known person, place, event, literary work, or work of art. The main purpose of this research is to find the allusion in the selected poems of Aeschylus The Battle of Salamis and The Sacrifice of Iphigenia and critically analyze the poems to explore and describe the story and mythology behind the expressions in each line. This research is conducted qualitatively and applies purposive sampling to choose and gather the data. It can be reported that both poems represent Greek mythology and history. The representation is derived from expressions, which are in the form of words and sentences. It is found that the allusion found contains names of figures in Greek mythology, such as god-goddess (Artemis), kings (Agamemnon, Atreus), and places (Strymon). These become the references to convey the meaning and to deliver the message of the poems. Regarding these names, the poet connects his idea in the poem to the Greek story and mythology. In addition, there are three functions of allusion confirmed in this research; those are delineating the character, carrying the theme, creating humor. Accordingly, it is noteworthy that allusion can be used to identify the correlation between a particular text and reality, history, and even mythology. In this case, it is noteworthy that allusion is not only a reference, but it also makes expression in the poem more vivid, flowery, interesting, and attractive.

Purpose: The Mahabharata by Vyasa and the Iliad by Homer both have a surfeit of Heroes. The two great heroes are Karna from the Mahabharata and Achilles from the Iliad. They have a few things in common as their lives are heavily influenced by fate. As fate is inescapable, they confronted their death head-on. The figures of Karna and Achilles stand out dramatically in both Indian and Greek mythology respectively casting everyone else in the gloom, thus making both the masterpieces incomplete without these heroes. Though these spartan heroes were invincible due to their origin, they lay their lives in Kurukshetra and Trojan wars respectively. They decided to be glorious despite knowing the fact that they would die in the battle. Few characters in the ancient literature have been drawn with such perfect skill and insight into human nature as Maharathi Karna, a character who has never been truly understood, has been continually misinterpreted despite the completeness, candor, and clarity of the amazing Epic in providing us with specifics of his existence. The most important aspect of his life narrative which is often overlooked or glossed over by modern writers which has far-reaching implications is that Karna was born out of wedlock and so cast away at birth. His adroitness and the values he lived and loved for standing him in good stead for a hero. Design / Methodology/Approach: The paper is prepared by accumulating secondary data from educational websites and written articles. The study shall be carried out with the use of Research Journals, Scholarly Books, Doctoral Theses, and websites. This qualitative research is carried out by studying and interpreting the existing knowledge on the subject using the keywords “Karna”, “Epic”, “Tragic flaw”, “Battle”, “Loyalty” which are accessible in online articles, peer-reviewed journals, publications and a variety of related portals. Findings/Result: Karna's entire life was spent trying to figure out who he was and to find an answer to the same. Karna's life also shows us how life is full of unrelenting choices; the options being limited. Friendship with someone who has aided at times of need and to whom one has sworn lifelong loyalty and friendship is admirable, but there must be a fine line drawn between this duty and other, more important responsibilities. Karna is, without a doubt, a figure who, in Aristotelian terminology, possesses the classical features of a tragic hero, as well as a figure with a great deal of literary potential. Originality/Value: This paper attempts to make a sincere study of Karna as a tragic hero under classical examples of Aristotle's ‘Hamartia’ where a hero wants to ‘Triumph’ but while doing so he commits an intentional error and ends up achieving exactly the opposite with disastrous results. The story of the life of Karna is pre-eminently great nevertheless fate and destiny played an unwarranted and calamitous game facilitating the reader of the Epic to identify himself or herself with the Tragic Hero. Paper Type: Exploratory research paper.

Medical Mythology: Pallas Athena (Minerva)

Representing women's beauty standards in the media significantly shapes people's views on self-esteem. This research is essential to understand how the media reveals a narrow definition of beauty standards. This research analyses the representation of female beauty standard of a main female character on a movie using critical discourse analysis by Sara Mills’ theory. The movie “Tall Girl” served as the data source of this research. The data were analyzed with a qualitative approach through documentation, observation, and note taking and validated by expert judgment to determine the theory of feminism by revealing two research objectives: (1) how is the main female character views the beauty standards from the language used and (2) how is the main female character depicted from the language used in the movie. The findings and discussion of this research revealed that Jodi Kreyman, as the main character, transforms the position of an object of bullying to that of a subject who can accept her physical appearance. In addition, from the reader's position, the film allows the reader to empathize with Jodi's struggle and think more critically about the broader standards of female beauty. In conclusion, the movie challenges narrow beauty standards and demonstrates the importance of self-acceptance. Future research could analyze similar issues or the audience's perspectives on female beauty standards to create new insight.

The election of Zozi as Miss Universe in 2019 raises a critical discourse on the concept of women's beauty and leadership. This article aims to show the transformation of the concept of beauty and leadership. The method used in this paper is Critical Discourse Analysis by collecting secondary data from the official Miss Universe website, journals, media and the internet, as well as Zozi's speeches and activities before and after being elected as Miss Universe 2019. The results of the research show that transformation of the concept of beauty is needed to create justice. The concept of beauty is necessary to accommodate diversity and inclusivity. In addition, beauty is not only determined by physical appearance, but also must be supported by strong character. Moreover, women face a number of problems of structured and cultural discrimination that resulted in them being left behind. Women must participate actively in society, create them to become empowered and progressive women. The election of Zozi as Miss Universe has broken the conventional western concept of beauty, uniform and everything is measured from a male point of view. Zozi has become a role model that inspires other women to become women with personality.

In this article, we showcase the pilot scenario of The Trojan War, an educational self-directed game that combines text inspired by ancient Greek (as well as Roman) literature with graphics based on the ‘Geometric style’, an authentic Greek style of painting contemporary with the composition of the Homeric epics. Our game uses interactive scenarios to support active learning strategies of students interested in Classical Studies in both tertiary and secondary education. Players can take on the role of key characters, making choices that can prevent, start, or stop the Trojan War, as well as determine their own personal outcomes. The learners are thus presented with the opportunity to explore alternative pathways to rewrite the history of the War. In the process, they can apply their subject knowledge and develop their intellectual and critical skills. They also become familiar with a distinctive and expressive early Greek artistic style, the so-called Geometric. Rather than focusing on winning, the game aims to give students the opportunity to engage with important ideas and values of ancient Greek culture by exploring multiple perspectives on the topic. It also provides a valuable lesson on the potentially wide-ranging consequences of individual choices, which is a core element of responsible citizenship.

In Greek mythology, Achilles was a hero of the Trojan War, the central character and greatest warrior of Homer's Iliad. As Achilles died because of a small wound on his heel, the term "Achilles' heel" has come to mean a person's principal weakness. But is the human heel a really vulnerable part of our body? Could a non-poisonous arrow have caused Achilles' death? Should an arrow be necessarily poisonous in order to cause a lethal heel would? The purpose of this effort is to explain, from an anatomic point of view, how Achilles heel wounding could have led to his death. The Achilles tendon is the strongest, largest and thickest tendon in the human body and plays an important role in the biomechanics of the lower extremity. The blood supply of the tendon is from the peroneal and posterior tibial arteries. It is quite likely that the arrow which killed Achilles was poisoned. This supposition could be of course enough to cause his death. In case the arrow was not poisoned a rupture of the posterior tibial artery by the arrow could have caused a bleeding, but it seems unlikely for such a bleeding to be lethal. Moreover, a combination of these two theories could have also taken place, i.e. a poisoned arrow traumatizing the posterior tibial artery and hence causing rapid diffusion of the poison as well as bleeding. Furthermore, infectious and/or immunologic bases regarding Achilles' death could be considered. In our opinion, a poisoned arrow was probably the crucial factor leading to the famous inglorious death of this famous glorious Homeric hero.

Mentor was originally a person. In Greek mythology he was a friend of Odysseus, asked to look after Odysseus’ son Telemachus when Odysseus left for the Trojan War. In modern times the term mentor has come to mean a trusted friend or counsellor. The mentor is usually someone senior and more

A Couple of Soles: A Comic Play from Seventeenth-Century China

This study investigates the role of advertising discourse of skin-whitening creams in cultivating the ideology of a beautiful woman in Pakistani society. Fairclough's three dimensional framework of critical discourse analysis is employed to analyze the use of language in advertisements to manipulate and exploit the women to buy skin whitening products. The data consists of eight advertisements from electronic media. A qualitative research paradigm is used and the findings pointed out that advertisers use many shrewd linguistic devices and strategies to work on women's ideology for manipulation. The study also revealed that TV advertisements play a vital role in constructing and shaping certain socio-cultural ideologies among people. The finding of this qualitative study would be helpful to enhance the understanding of consumers and facilitate their buying decisions without being manipulated by advertisers.