HiRLoc: High-resolution Robust Localization for Wireless Sensor Networks

A scheme for WSNs (wireless sensor networks) security is given by dividing sensing tetrahedron into clusters and using the symmetric polynomials in this paper.The sensing tetrahedron is divided into a number of small grids.All those sensor nodes, both ordinary sensor nodes and heterogeneous sensor nodes are distributed in the sensing tetrahedron.In a grid, all ordinary sensor nodes and heterogeneous sensor nodes establish their shared keys through using the symmetric polynomials.All the heterogeneous sensor nodes establish their shared keys through using the symmetric polynomials.At last, all sensor nodes establish their keys directly or indirectly in the whole sensing tetrahedron.Analysis and comparison demonstrate this scheme enhances the WSN security, has good network connectivity, saves node storage, reduces network computing load, and extends the network lifetime.

Being one of the main technologies for Internet of Things (IoT), wireless sensor network is absolutely critical and plays an increasingly important role in the development of Internet of Things. Wireless sensor network is mobile network composed of sensor nodes with limited resources, like computation capability, energy, memory storage, and communication capability. Its characteristic results in that the security of wireless sensor network faces a great challenge. Hence, the security of wireless sensor network is an important issue for the development of IoT and shall be focused on. In this paper, a novel authentication scheme is proposed for wireless sensor networks based on theory of quadratic residues. It is making the use of master key to achieve simple symmetric cryptographic primitives and authentication operation and reach the aims of great resistance against the attacks and low energy consumption. Then the proposed scheme is compared with other network-wide key management schemes, obtaining better results in the aspects of security, efficiency, and scalability.

Communication in wireless sensor networks uses the majority of a sensor's limited energy. Using aggregation in wireless sensor network reduces the overall communication cost. Security in wireless sensor networks entails many different challenges. Traditional end-to-end security is not suitable for use with in-network aggregation. A corrupted sensor has access to the data and can falsify results. Additively homomorphic encryption allows for aggregation of encrypted values, with the result being the same as the result when unencrypted data was aggregated. Using public key cryptography, digital signatures can be used to achieve integrity. We propose a new algorithm using homomorphic encryption and additive digital signatures to achieve confidentiality, integrity and availability for in-network aggregation in wireless sensor networks. We prove that our digital signature algorithm which is based on the elliptic curve digital signature algorithm (ECDSA) is as secure as ECDSA.

In-network data aggregation plays an important role to reduce the transmitting energy and data redundancy in large scale sensor networks. However, the security of wireless sensor networks is a challenging problem in the process of data aggregation. An efficient secure data aggregation is proposed to enhance the data security of wireless sensor networks. Firstly, the secure in-network aggregation tree is introduced, then a judgment method based on trust schema was used to detect whether a sensor node has potential misbehavior. After the detection, a local recovery schema is proposed to reduce the possibility to become isolated nodes, which will increase the security level in data aggregation in wireless sensor networks. The performance analysis shows the efficiency of the schema.

Because of the widespread use of wireless sensor networks in many applications, and due to the nature of the specifications of these networks (WSN) in terms of wireless communication, the network contract specifications, and published it in difficult environments. All this leads to the network exposure to many types of external attacks. Therefore, the protection of these networks from external attacks is considered the one of the most important researches at this time. In this paper we investigated the security in wireless sensor networks, Limitations of WSN, Characteristic Values for some types of attacks, and have been providing protection mechanism capable of detecting and protecting wireless sensor networks from a wide range of attacks.

In this paper, wireless sensor network (WSN) security issue in the presence of an eavesdropper is analysed. The sensor-sink as well as sensor-eavesdropper channels are assumed to be subjected to generalized-K fading. According to the physical layer security framework, we employ round-robin, optimal sensor and cumulative distribution function-based scheduling scheme to enhance secure connection between sensor nodes and to attain low probability of intercept. Novel analytical results are given in a form of easy-to-compute analytical expressions for the intercept probability. Additionally, asymptotic closed-form expressions are derived and diversity orders of scheduling schemes are determined. Numerical results demonstrate important impacts of fading and shadowing parameters of main and wiretap links, network size and selected scheme on WSN security. Presented results are validated by independent Monte Carlo simulations.

Security of wireless sensor networks is a major issue to protect sensor nodes from the attacker. Key management or key pre-distribution (KPS) is the preliminary step in the security of a sensor network, where secret keys are loaded into the sensor node’s memory before placement of the node in target positions. Various schemes for KPS have been proposed for location dependent as well as location independent wireless sensor networks. Costas arrays are $$n \times n$$ matrices grid represented where dots are placed for the l’s and leave blanks for the 0’s of the matrix for a positive integer n with the property that the vectors connecting two dots of the grid are all distinct as vectors. Costas arrays have a wide range of application including the construction of sonar signal pattern, cryptography, etc. Due to the Costas arrays property of uniqueness among their elements, it can be used in key pre-distribution of wireless sensor networks, especially in a location-dependent grid-based network. In this paper, we have proposed a Costas array based key pre-distribution scheme. Simulations are done on different network scenarios and the results were analyzed. Comparative performance analysis of the scheme is shown for different grid sized network considering various order of Costas array.

In recent years, wireless sensor network is booming because of the mature of wireless network and its variety in applications. But secure communication is a very important requirement in wireless sensor networks, message encryption techniques, such as DES and AES, are widely used to achieve the confidentiality of transmitted data. And, how to share the same session key between the sensor nodes becomes the major problem. In this paper, based on the network structure of clustering, a security and efficient key management scheme for wireless sensor networks is proposed by using node-ID and bilinear pairings. Comparing with the previous key management schemes for wireless sensor networks, this scheme improves network connections, storage, communication burden and ability of resistance against node capture.

Wireless sensor network is of prime importance because of its applicability in various domains ranging from healthcare applications to military applications. Security of such networks is important as these carry confidential information. Security of Wireless Sensor Network is divided in three phases, prevention, detection and mitigation. In Prevention phase, care is taken so that attack should not occur. But most of the times it is not possible to prevent attacks, so it is very important to detect them as early as possible so that these will not harm a lot to wireless sensor network and that phase is called as intrusion detection. Once Intrusion has been detected we have to take actions to cure from it and it is called as mitigation. So, Intrusion detection is most important phase as far as security of wireless sensor network is concerned. This paper discusses about various detection methodologies such as Anomaly based, Misuse based and Specification based IDS, various decision making schemes for intrusion. Major focus of this paper is to understand various Intrusion Detection Systems that are proposed for wireless sensor network. These are discussed with different issues with advantages and disadvantages. Finally paper gives future directions for selection of Intrusion Detection System.

This paper presents an analysis of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) security issues that take place due to eavesdropping. The sensor-eavesdropper channels and the sensor sinks are exposed to generalized K-fading. Based on the physical layer security framework we use cumulative distribution, optimal sensors and round robin scheduling scheme to decrease the probability of interception and to equip secure connection between the nodes. For identifying the interception probability, a novel analytical methodology is present with simple analytical expressions. Moreover, diversity orders of scheduling schemes and asymptotic closed-form expressions are evaluated. Numerical results show the crucial result of shadowing and fading parameters of wiretap and main links, selected schemes on WSN security and network size. We have analyzed the output using Monte Carlo simulation and conclusions show the validation of the proposed work.

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are used for a wide range of things these days, from watching the environment to improving healthcare systems. But because these networks are used everywhere, they are also open to security risks like spying, data corruption, and node capture. It is very important to address these issues in order to protect the accuracy, privacy, and access of data being sent. Information-theoretic security looks like a good way to deal with these problems because it uses mathematical models to make sure that transmission in WSNs is safe and uses little energy. This essay goes into detail about information-theoretic security in WSNs. It gives a full rundown of the mathematical basics and real-world implications for getting strong security in places with limited resources. The idea of "secrecy capacity" is at the heart of this method. It measures the highest rate at which authorized nodes can communicate privately while preventing spying foes. Utilizing the chance that exists in wireless channels, encrypted keys can be generated without using shared secrets, making them resistant to attempts that try to steal them. Because sensor nodes only have a short power life, energy economy is very important in WSNs. Information-theoretic security methods, like physical layer security and joint communication, are designed to use as little energy as possible while still providing strong security. Nodes can work together to improve signal strength and fight channel fading using cooperative methods. This makes the network last longer without compromising security. This article also talks about the trade-offs between security, energy savings, and communication performance in WSNs. This helps us figure out how to make the best transfer schemes.

With the deepening of the research and development in the field of embedded devices, the paradigm of the Internet of things (IoT) is gaining momentum. Its technology’s widespread applications increasing the number of connected devices constantly. IoT is built on sensor networks, which are enabling a new variety of solutions for applications in several fields (health, industry, defense, agrifood and agro sectors, etc.). Wireless communications are indispensable for taking full advantage of sensor networks but implies new requirements in the security and privacy of communications. Security in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is a major challenge for extending IoT applications, in particular those related to the smart-agro. Moreover, limitations on processing capabilities of sensor nodes, and power consumption have made the encryption techniques devised for conventional networks not feasible. In such scenario, symmetric-key ciphers are preferred for key management in WSN; key distribution is therefore an issue. In this work, we provide a concrete implementation of a novel scalable group distributed key management method and a protocol for securing communications in IoT systems used in the smart agro sector, based on elliptic curve cryptography, to ensure that information exchange between layers of the IoT framework is not affected by sensor faults or intentional attacks. In this sense, each sensor node executes an initial key agreement, which is done through every member’s public information in just two rounds and uses some authenticating information that avoids external intrusions. Further rekeying operations require just a single message and provide backward and forward security.

Information attacks and security in wireless sensor networks of industrial SCADA systems

in this paper a new method is introduced to increase security in wireless sensor networks by using data-oriented random number generator to encrypt tag of frames. These tags are exclusive disjunction with output of data-oriented random number generator. Data-oriented is a new and applied theory which provides methods that models the concepts with data structures. This idea increases the security in multi levels. First level is provided by interleaving method, second one by seed value of pseudo-random number generators, third one by the initial distribution of number bank and finally by operations which is applied to the number bank.

Until recently use of sensors to collect sensitive parameters had only few risk factors such as sensor malfunction, uncertainty of data collection, or missing data coverage. Some issues in these categories were addressed by multi-sensor application or sensor fusion. However, advancement in technology and advent of wireless sensors in a networked environment, brought along a new risk factor related to the security in wireless sensor network. Therefore security in Wireless Sensor Network WSNs is challenging and critical to the functionality of the networked sensors. This is very important in cases of highly secure environment, especially in industrial, military, and medical domains. The standard WSN protocols focus on energy efficiency; transmission efficiency, and routing. WSN is known for limitations on hardware and software and for resources-constrained in general. An adaptive model of security that meets requirements and constraints in WSN is Intrusion Detections. This article investigates security in WSN and presents a design process for achieving optimum security based on requirements and constraints in WSNs. Further, comparative results between a proposed technique and other security current approaches are discussed.