History Students’ Readiness in Using QR Code Based E-Job Sheet

The research objective is to identify primary history students' readiness to use QR code-based e-job sheets in terms of knowledge, experience, and supporting facilities. The research material consists of digital technology devices, smartphones, internet networks, electronic worksheets, QR Code applications, and an assessment of historical learning. This research applied a quantitative approach. Research respondents included significant history students at the Faculty of Social Sciences Universitas Negeri Padang from 2018 to 2022, including 140 students. Data were collected through a Google Form application questionnaire and shared with the students via WhatsApp. The data were analyzed quantitatively by using percentages and averages. General findings showed that many students were ready to use QR code-based e-job sheets, but others still needed them. The particular findings included: 1) more than half of respondents knew what the e-job sheet was, but two-thirds of them had no experience using the e-job sheet, 2) related to QR codes, it was found that half of the respondents knew what QR code was, but a part of them had no experience using QR codes, and 3) two-thirds of the respondents stated that supporting facilities such campus internet and their smartphone were unable to support the use of QR codes-based e-job sheets. QR code-based e-job sheets have become essential in optimizing digital technology in learning activities. Further research is needed to measure the effectiveness of using QR code-based e-job sheets as an alternative strategy and instrument for assessing learning outcomes in the digital era.

In recent years, the way of content communication has gradually shifted from analogy to digital. QR Code is an interface that connects the virtual and real world, but its aesthetics still needed to be improved. Therefore, this research beautifies and integrates QR Code into the video. In this study, the QR Code information was hidden in the corner areas of the three videos by the error diffusion algorithm, and the digital files and display-and-captured files were read and identified by error analysis. The results show that the aesthetic QR Code can be successfully applied to the video and content for value-added applications. It is also known that the QR Code recognition rate of darker image content will be poor, and it should be avoided in future applications. The decoding error trend of the digital files and display-and-captured files is consistent. The results of this research can make the integration and application of QR Code in videos faster and more convenient in the future, and it has many potential industrial applications.

This study explores the intentional use of QR code applications in Malaysia through the lens of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT 2), focusing on five key constructs: which is performance expectancy (PE), effort expectancy (EE), hedonic motivation (HM), habit (H), and trust (TR). An online survey was constructed and disseminated to a random sample of 215 respondents located in the Southeast region. The primary objective of this survey was to collect data regarding their intentions to utilize QR code applications. The collected data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), aiming to understand the relationship between the UTAUT 2 factors and behavioral intention towards QR code usage. The analysis revealed that all the UTAUT 2 factors which are performance expectancy, effort expectancy, hedonic motivation, habit, and trust have a positive significant relationship with the behavioral intention to use QR codes application. Among these, trust emerged as the most influential factor, underscoring its critical role in the adoption of QR code technology. This finding highlights the importance of addressing security and privacy concerns to foster trust among users, which is pivotal for the wider acceptance and use of QR codes in Malaysia. The study provides valuable insights for developers, marketers, and policymakers looking to enhance the adoption of QR code technology, emphasizing the need to build a trustworthy and user-friendly QR code ecosystem.

We present the application of QR Codes as carriers for colorimetric dyes, whereby this refined version of machine-readable patterns applied to colorimetric sensing also allows us to maintain the data from the QR Code standard in a back-compatible way, which means that the QR Code is still able to encode digital data (readable with a standard QR Code decoder) alongside a hundred colorimetric references and the dyes.

One way to prevent and reduce the spread of the covid-19 pandemic is through physical distancing program. This research aims to develop a prototype contactless transaction system using digital payment mechanisms and QR code technology that will be applied in traditional markets. The method used in the development of electronic market systems is a prototype approach. The application of QR code and digital payments are used as a solution to minimize money exchange contacts that are common in traditional markets. The results showed that the system built was able to accelerate and facilitate the buying and selling transaction process in traditional market environment. Alpha testing shows that all functional systems are running well. Meanwhile, beta testing shows that the user can very well accept the system that was built. The results of the study also show acceptance of the usefulness of the system being built, as well as the optimism of its users to be able to take advantage of this system both technologically and functionally, so its can be a part of the digital transformation of the traditional market to the electronic market and has become one of the solutions in reducing the spread of the current covid-19 pandemic.

Protection of cultural heritage and carrying it to the future are at the top of the significant topics of research and implementation in engineering in the 21st century. There are several historical structures in the district of Ahlat located in the east of Turkey on the Lake Van Basin that has harbored many civilizations. Some of such works are the gravestones that are found in the Ahlat Seljuk Cemetery, which is the oldest and largest cemetery in the district. This study firstly provides information about the Ahlat Seljuk Cemetery and the gravestones found in it. Observation-based structural analyses were carried out on these gravestones that are found in this area that are known to have belonged to different civilizations based on their physical and constructional characteristics. These stones were built out of Ahlat stone as single pieces. Information is provided on the damages that have occurred on the gravestones in time and their causes. In general, losses of mass, abrasions, separations, collapses and calcifications due to natural conditions, as well as vegetative formations, were observed in the gravestones. To provide an example of other gravestones within the context of the study, the gravestone that is known to belong to the person named Nureddin Ebu Hasan was selected. As a result of the modeling that was carried out for this gravestone by using the finite elements method, modal analyses were carried out. With these analyses, for the gravestone, period, effective mass participation rates and stress values were calculated. The stress values that were obtained in this study were compared to the material safety stress values that were obtained in previous studies. Additionally, QR code application was created for the gravestone that was selected as an example in the study, and information on this gravestone was transferred to an electronic environment. The QR code application includes different language options, visuals of the gravestone and information on the gravestone. The QR application was also supported with a video of the cemetery where the gravestone is located. With this application, access to information about gravestones will be possible by using tablets and smartphones. With a QR code to be created for each gravestone, these gravestones will obtain identity cards.

Vietnam's tree cover is low compared to the global average. For this reason, the government launched the "Plant 1 Billion Trees for Vietnam" program in 2021. As the number of trees grows rapidly in the future, proper management will be required. Aside from the care of trees provided by tree management departments, the public's cooperation is essential for trees to grow healthily. This thesis proposes an embedded system and application software for tree management that makes use of QR codes. Each QR code will be used as a tag for tagging trees and can be scanned by anyone to learn more about the trees. This system allows tree management departments to easily collect tree data and store it in a cloud database, which can then be retrieved to serve good management and raise community awareness of the benefit of tree cover among citizens. Experiments on many trees at two pagodas in Soc Trang, a province in the South of Vietnam, were used to calibrate the performance and assess the feasibility of the proposed system.

Investment in education through the provision of secondary school to the community is geared to develop human capital in Tanzania. However, these investments have been hampered by unacceptable higher rates of school dropouts, which seriously affect female students, since most schools do not have effective mechanisms for quality data management for immediate and effective decision making. Therefore, this study aims to solve the problem of data management from the school level in order to assist higher levels to receive appropriate and effective data on time through the use of emerging technologies such as machine learning, QR codes, and mobile application. To implement this solution, the study has explored the predictors of school dropout using a mixed approach with questionnaires and interview discussion. 600 participants participated in problem identification in the Arusha region. Through the use of design science research methodology, Unified Modeling Language, MYSQL, QR codes and mobile application techniques were integrated with Support Vector Machine to develop the proposed solution. Finally, the evaluation process considered 100 participants, and the results showed that an average of 89% of participants provided positive feedback on the functionalities of the developed tool to prevent dropouts in secondary schools in Africa at large.

QR Code is the development of barcode technology that is able to store various kinds of information such as URLs, telephone numbers, SMS messages or other texts. At first, this technology was used for tracking vehicle parts in automotive industry. This study aims to develop an automatic presence system by utilizing QR Code technology, so that the presence process is more effective when compared to the presence manually since it was using digital technology. The implementation of the presence system with a QR Code was carried out at the Madrasah Aliyah Al Mukhlisin Bandung, to help solving some problems in school administration. The system was built in the form of an application installed on each teacher’s smartphone. Every student tapped their QR code image to confirm their attendance before the lesson begins. The advantage of this application was that it has an advantage on generated image of QR Code changed every user login. The results of development and testing showed that the developed system can be a solution for the presence process through the application of ICT technology with a QR Code. Testing of Quality of Service (QoS) on developed system was appropriate with ITU recommendation. Survey of users was applied to check the properness of application.

The application of digitalization in the era of industry 4.0 is growing rapidly. Ayoola Coffee & Eatery, one of the MSMEs in the Bintaro area, Tangerang, is experiencing problems in the digitalization of food and beverage ordering. Ayoola Coffee & Eatery is an MSME founded by Mrs. Dewi Irfan in Bintaro, South Tangerang. This business combines the concept of a cafe and art gallery, providing food, drinks, and space for local artists to sell their work. The vision and mission of the partners are to open up employment opportunities for lower-class people to be more prosperous, as well as provide opportunities for them to develop their skills. Currently, these orders can only be made through the cashier, resulting in long queues when busy. This Community Service aims to overcome this problem by implementing a digital system using through the use of QR codes, so that customers can order directly from the table without having to queue. The solutions designed include the development of a website application that displays the menu and allows online ordering, integrated with the Moka Point of Sale (POS) system via API. This system is expected to improve operational efficiency, speed up service, and provide a better customer experience. Through the digitalization of this system, customers can scan the QR code on each table to access the menu, order, and make payments. This implementation also allows MSMEs to optimize inventory management, speed up transactions, and improve the accuracy of sales reporting. The implementation method involves the application of Moka POS to help MSMEs face challenges in the digital era and increase their competitiveness through service digitalization. Based on the results obtained, it is known that the automatic ordering system works according to the desired function. ABSTRAK Penerapan digitalisasi pada era industri 4.0 berkembang pesat. Ayoola Coffee & Eatery, salah satu UMKM di daerah Bintaro, Tangerang, sedang mengalami masalah dalam digitalisasi pemesanan makanan dan minuman ini. Ayoola Coffee & Eatery adalah UMKM yang didirikan oleh Ibu Dewi Irfan di Bintaro, Tangerang Selatan. Usaha ini menggabungkan konsep kafe dan galeri seni, menyediakan makanan, minuman, dan ruang bagi seniman lokal untuk menjual karya mereka. Visi-misi mitra adalah membuka lapangan kerja bagi masyarakat kelas bawah agar lebih sejahtera, serta memberikan kesempatan bagi mereka untuk mengembangkan keterampilan. Saat ini, pemesanan tersebut hanya dapat dilakukan melalui kasir, sehingga menyebabkan antrian panjang saat ramai. Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut dengan menerapkan sistem digital melalui penggunaan QR code, sehingga pelanggan dapat memesan langsung dari meja tanpa harus mengantri. Solusi yang dirancang meliputi pengembangan aplikasi website yang menampilkan menu dan memungkinkan pemesanan online, terintegrasi dengan sistem Point of Sale (POS) Moka melalui API. Sistem ini diharapkan meningkatkan efisiensi operasional, mempercepat layanan, dan memberikan pengalaman pelanggan yang lebih baik. Melalui digitalisasi sistem ini Pelanggan dapat memindai QR code di setiap meja untuk mengakses menu, memesan, dan melakukan pembayaran. Implementasi ini juga memungkinkan UMKM untuk mengoptimalkan manajemen inventaris, mempercepat transaksi, serta meningkatkan akurasi pelaporan penjualan. Metode pelaksanaan melibatkan penerapan Moka POS untuk membantu UMKM dalam menghadapi tantangan di era digital dan meningkatkan daya saing mereka melalui digitalisasi pelayanan. Berdasarkan hasil yang didapat diketahui bahwa sistem pemesanan otomatis bekerja sesuai fungsi yang ingin dicapai.

Digitalization is not only developing in companies and public school but is also developing in Madrasah schools such as what happened at Madrasah MA Al-Djufri which is located in the Blumbungan, Pamekasan, based on private schools that currently have minimal use of the system. The service here will provide a website combined with Excel and also the application of QR Codes in implementing daily attendance. The existing opportunities must be used as a spark for enthusiasm to improve and innovate so that they can progress and develop. This activity seeks to provide a solution for private madrasas that do not yet have a website. This service through practical work uses a participatory action research approach. Technically, it is carried out through five stages of competition-based service which include preparation, training, mentoring, competition, and appreciation. The real result of this service activity is the existence of a website in the form of a QR code and Excel to support progress at MA Al-Djufri which previously was still not good. As many as 94% of madrasas stated that in general the implementation of community service activities was carried out very well.

QR codes are widely used for quick and efficient data transmission in various applications. However, their storage capacity is limited and not secured, which can be difficult to save large dataset and expose to the data leakage. To address this issue, researchers have explored various methods to extend the storage capacity without altering the QR code structure and have secured information inside. This research is to enhance the storage capacity of QR codes by combining steganography and compression techniques. Steganography allows for the concealment of additional data inside the QR code’s visual elements, while compression reduces the size of the data being encoded. In this study, we implement a two-step approach: first, data is embedded using steganographic techniques then it is compressed using advanced algorithms to minimize its size. By applying these methods, the overall storage efficiency is significantly increased without compromising the code’s scan ability. The principal results of the research demonstrate that the combined use of steganography and compression can increase QR code storage capacity by up to 20% and it is secured. Major conclusions indicate that this method can effectively extend the QR code applications in industries requiring the encoding of large datasets, such as banking and authorization function. This study presents a novel approach to overcoming QR code storage limitations, offering a practical solution for maximizing data storage and totally secured.

Abstract
 
 The use of ICT in education is must in digital era. It is quality learning effort. QR Code is technology-based media developed as very fast scanning tool. However, its existence is still rarely used in education. The existence of ICT in the form of QR code in English lessons can support learning success as not all students have computer. QR code is solution to the problem of students because it can be installed on Android. This study examines the use of QR Code media in optimizing high school English learning, especially in listening skills. A study on the use of QR Code was conducted in 2021 at SMK Patriot Peterongan Jombang with a total of 25 students as the subject. The type of this research is development research. To analyze the results of the research, it is used quantitative descriptive analysis. Data obtained through questionnaires and learning outcomes tests. The researcher examined the influence of QR Media using paired sample t-test. The results showed that there is a significant effect after being given treatment because the significance is < 0,05, that is 0,00. Through QR Code, students can evaluate learning outcomes well and make it easy to understand the material being studied. The results of this study are very relevant in learning, especially in increasing students' learning outcomes to learning English at the senior high school level.

Purpose This is an exploratory study leveraging a domain-specific innovativeness (DSI) perspective to understand adoption of QR code delivered mobile marketing. Specifically, the purpose of this paper is to explore the roles of “innovativeness” and “risk aversion” on QR code adoption and usage in the low-involvement context to address tensions between risk and innovation literatures. Design/methodology/approach Participants were assigned to “laggard” (n=19) and “innovator/early adopter” (n=19) segments using the DSI scale. A combination of qualitative reductionism (means-end chain analysis) and qualitative holism (semi-structured interviewing) was employed. Findings Confusion regarding the functionality and purpose of QR codes adversely affected willingness to use and utility perceptions. Source trust and information credibility emerged as key concerns for those considering QR codes, with consumer risk aversion and innovativeness orientations influencing the nature of trust concerns. A perceived lack of complementarity between QR codes and retail environments reduced perceived relevance. For low-involvement products, marketers should consider moving beyond brand-level communication to align offerings to the broader foodscape. Research limitations/implications Findings are limited to the low-involvement product context. Although DSI was considered, the impact of technological innovativeness was not explored. Future research may consider the impact of information provision at the broader foodscape rather than product-specific level when exploring QR code applications in the food domain. Originality/value This is the first study to explore the role of product category innovativeness, as distinct from technological innovativeness on the acceptance and usage of mobile marketing applications in the low-involvement context. This research builds on existing risk and innovation literatures and addresses tensions between these literatures presented by QR codes within the low-involvement context.

Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerindeki gelişmeler sayesinde işletmelerin muhasebe süreçleri hissedilir derecede hızlanmıştır. Muhasebe servisinde bilgisayarın faydalarının görülmesi üzerine sistem daha da büyütülerek işletme içerisindeki diğer birimlerle muhasebe birimi arasındaki iletişim otomasyon ve barkod sistemleriyle geliştirilmiştir. Otomasyon ve barkod sistemleri, mevcut stok ve satılan mallara ait bilgileri, müşteri, tedarikçi ve personel bilgilerinin hızlı ve güvenilir şekilde muhasebe birimine iletilmesinde kullanılan önemli araçlardır. Gelişmiş bir barkod uygulaması olan kare kod uygulaması mal ve hizmetlerin tedarik ve sunum aşamalarında daha geniş olanaklara sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, otomasyon ve barkod sistemlerinin işletmelerin muhasebe süreçlerine olan katkıları ve kare kod uygulamasının getirdiği yenilikler incelenmiştir.