Holistic Framework for Evaluating the Trustworthiness of Integrated Circuits

ABSTRACTThe pressing impacts of global climate change and the emergence of stringent carbon disclosure regulations put pressure on organizations to transform and account for their emissions, beyond operational boundaries and encompass upstream and downstream value chains. Current management literature, practices, and skills fall short of addressing the importance and contribution of carbon accounting and reporting (CAR) in adopting sustainable operations management practices. This paper aims to deliver comprehensive guidance for companies on the benefits of CAR in facilitating the transformation and adoption of sustainable business practices. We develop a holistic and inclusive framework encompassing “value” and “values” perspectives. The framework explores how these forces shape company strategy and illustrates how CAR can enhance sustainable operations management, resulting in sustainable business outcomes. We test our hypothesis through a real‐world case of a public transportation services company by following the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Protocol and Global Reporting Institute (GRI) reporting standards, demonstrating how comprehensive measurement, analysis, and reporting of carbon emissions linked to operational processes and value chains can transform firms. This transformation includes reducing environmental impacts, managing risks, strengthening stakeholder engagement, sharing value and responsibility within value chains, promoting technology adoption and innovation, and making well‐informed decisions to improve the efficiency of products and services. As demonstrated in this research, CAR could significantly assist companies in strategically identifying emissions hotspots, establishing precise reduction targets, and aligning with environmental regulations and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

There is a growing conflict between modern and postmodern social theorists. The latter reject modern approaches as economistic, essentialist and often leading to authoritarian policies. Modernists criticize postmodern approaches for their rejection of holistic conceptual frameworks which facilitate an overall picture of how social wholes (organizations, communities, nation-states, etc.) are constituted, reproduced and transformed. They believe the rejection of holistic methodologies leads to social myopia - a refusal to explore critically the type of broad problems that classical sociology deals with. This book attempts to bridge the divide between these two conflicting perspectives and proposes a novel holistic framework which is neither reductionist/economistic nor essentialist. Modern and Postmodern Social Theorizing will appeal to scholars and students of social theory and of social sciences in general.

The relationship between mental health and workplace productivity has emerged as a critical determinant of organizational success and societal well-being in contemporary business environments. This comprehensive study examines the multifaceted connections between employee psychological wellness and performance outcomes through the lens of holistic impact frameworks that integrate individual, organizational, and societal perspectives. The research synthesizes empirical evidence from diverse organizational contexts to establish theoretical foundations for understanding how mental health initiatives translate into measurable productivity gains and broader social benefits. The investigation reveals that organizations implementing comprehensive mental health frameworks experience significant improvements in employee engagement, retention rates, and overall performance metrics. Through systematic analysis of wellness program implementations across various industry sectors, this study demonstrates that holistic approaches incorporating preventive care, therapeutic interventions, and supportive workplace cultures generate substantial return on investment while contributing to societal health outcomes. The research identifies key components of effective wellness frameworks, including leadership commitment, resource allocation strategies, and measurement methodologies that capture both quantitative and qualitative indicators of success. Findings indicate that successful mental health initiatives require integration across multiple organizational levels, from individual employee support systems to strategic corporate policies that prioritize psychological safety and well-being. The analysis reveals critical success factors including organizational culture transformation, management training programs, and systematic approaches to identifying and addressing mental health risk factors within workplace environments. Furthermore, the research establishes evidence-based connections between employee wellness investments and enhanced innovation capacity, reduced absenteeism, and improved customer satisfaction outcomes. The study's holistic framework provides practical guidance for organizational leaders seeking to implement comprehensive mental health initiatives while demonstrating the broader societal implications of workplace wellness investments. Through examination of best practices and implementation challenges, this research contributes to the growing body of knowledge supporting the business case for employee mental health prioritization. The findings suggest that organizations adopting comprehensive wellness frameworks not only improve internal performance metrics but also contribute to community health outcomes and economic stability through reduced healthcare costs and enhanced social capital development.

Person-centered health care involves the promotion of positive health as well as the prevention and treatment of ill health. Person-centered health care is effective as a result of its holistic approach to the creative cultivation of physical, mental, social, and spiritual well-being. Efforts at health promotion produce weak and inconsistent benefits when it does not address the whole person and engage people to actualize their own goals and values. The most consistent and strong predictor of both subjective well-being and objective health status in longitudinal studies is a creative personality profile characterized by being highly self-directed, cooperative, and self-transcendent. The cultivation of a healthy personality requires the integration of all three aspects of a person (that is, their body, thoughts, and psyche). Such integration depends on a holistic framework that recognizes that no component of a person’s being can be healthy when the other components are neglected because the functioning of the body, thought, and psyche are inseparable from one another. Likewise, specialists can provide useful skill but the long-term benefits of their contributions depend on effective coordination of care within a holistic framework. We suggest that health, happiness, and meaning can be cultivated most effectively by adopting a holistic framework that fosters the integration of physical, mental, social, and spiritual needs of people. Health care and promotion is likely to have only weak and consistent benefits in the absence of a holistic approach, particularly failing in preventing chronic disease.

Lean principles, aiming at eliminating waste and increasing efficiency at a company, take their roots from the initiatives of Taiichi Ohno. After the implementation of the principles at the Toyota Motor Company for the first time, businesses started to discover the benefits of lean implementation in terms of efficiency increase. As the adaptation of lean into the manufacturing sector is continuing, the necessity of assessing the level of leanness at the firm-level maintains its importance. Taking systems approach as a basis, the lean performance of an organization should be assessed as a whole. Therefore, we propose a holistic leanness assessment framework, which encapsulates various dimensions of the leanness assessment and we identify the importance and causal relationships between the sub-criteria. In order to identify the importance and causal relationships between the sub-criteria, we used fuzzy Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL). Our findings show that the most influencing factor in the cause group is ‘technology and product design’ which indicates the companies’ necessity to focus on Industry 4.0 during their operations. The results also illustrate that the most influenced factor in the effect group is ‘productivity’, in which companies can investigate strategic competitive advantages. The design of a holistic framework and the implementation of fuzzy DEMATEL offers a way to identify the importance and the causal relationships between the sub-criteria. With the help of a case study conducted in the plastics industry of Turkey, we offer managerial implications that could help managers to implement the proposed structural leanness assessment framework.

For a rapid configuration of a given product development process, taking into account today unavoidable market’s requirements as is the integrated product, process and manufacturing system development considering their entire lifecycles, in this paper, an enterprise holistic framework, consisting in a three dimensional model, is described to support the model driven architecture (MDA) concept for global product development projects (GPDP). The holistic framework has been established based on the integration of three fundamental areas of research: concurrent engineering (CE), product lifecycle, and enterprise integration engineering (EIE). The integration of these three fields of knowledge, using a 3D holistic framework, generates a solid support for a model driven architecture. As a result, through a 3D matrix, more important elements of the product development process can be combined and modeled following their natural interactions through the project realization. Questions about a global product development project like: What needs to be developed? Who will develop it? Where will be developed? How will be developed? When is being developed? can be generated during the planning and execution of the project but, as part of this research effort, these questions are answered in an organized manner using the proposed enterprise holistic framework. The conceptual model (enterprise holistic framework) for the global product development project was established as a base to capture, store and configure a project including the integration of product, manufacturing process and manufacturing system development considering their entire lifecycles in the enterprise context.

During the last ten years, a significant interest on Sustainability of Supply Chains has arises. The integration of the three dimensions of sustainability, economic, environmental, and social is no more an option but a necessity. Based on our previous research work on the field of SSC, we aim through this book chapter to give an updated look to practices and patterns of sustainability applied on supply chain during the last ten years starting from 2010 till 2020, providing analytical and critical insights through and extended version of the research work. Thanks to its investigation of more than 93 papers, this book chapter is a valuable paper for practitioners. A data analysis is led and provides an overview of trends of sustainable supply chains field. A time line of pertinent reviews is presented, pinpointing on methodologies adopted. Furthermore, a focus on practices and patterns adopted and those who needs to be developed is given with a highlight of the main issues of the field. A holistic framework is defined and the role of each stakeholder is precisely delimited. Lastly, results and future considerations are provided with a highlight on current issues.

Social inequality impacts health, is aggravated by the consequences of climate change, and may be influenced by inappropriate policy responses. These interdependent effects create a self-perpetuating loop exacerbating the impact of climate dysregulation on health in an uncontrolled and poorly understood way. Holistic approaches to public health such as One Health, EcoHealth or Planetary Health are well suited to tackling the considerable and complex environmental and social issues underlying climate dysregulation. However, the extent to which research using such frameworks investigates social determinants of health is not clear. In this paper we discuss the ways in which the social environment has so far been considered in the literature to problematize and analyze the relationship between climate dysregulation and health within holistic frameworks and provide tools and recommendations to facilitate their apprehension. Social factors are investigated empirically only in a minor fraction of studies addressing the relation between climate and health in holistic frameworks, and not systematically. Barriers to such approaches are discussed. This work also provides two analytical tools (a process diagram and a knowledge framework) and a set of recommendations to help include the social environment more meaningfully in such frameworks. They are meant to facilitate our understanding of the current status of this type of research and to encourage trans-disciplinary and trans-sectorial endeavors towards directions which need to be taken to ensure societal factors and inequalities are placed at the center of research on climate and health and the ensuing policy response.

Lithium-ion batteries are used for both stationary and mobile applications. While in the automotive industry standard profiles are used to compare the performance and efficiency of competing vehicles, a similar comparative metric has not been proposed for stationary battery energy storage systems. Because standard profiles are missing, the comparable evaluation of different applications with respect to efficiency, long-term behavior and profitability is very difficult or not possible at all. This work presents a method to create these standard profiles and the results are available as open data for download. Input profiles including frequency data, industry load profiles and household load profiles are transformed into storage profiles including storage power and state of charge using a holistic simulation framework. Various degrees of freedom for the energy management system as well as for the storage design are implemented and the results are post-processed with a profile analyzer tool in order to identify six key characteristics, these being: full-equivalent cycles, efficiency, depth of cycles, resting periods, number of changes of sign and energy throughput between changes of sign. All applications examined in this paper show unique characteristics which are essential for the design of the storage system. E.g., the numbers for annual full-equivalent cycles vary from 19 to 282 and the efficiency lies between 83% and 93%. With aid of this work in conjunction with the open data results, users can test and compare their own cell types, operation strategies and system topologies with those of the paper. Furthermore, the storage power profiles and state of charge data can be used as a reference for lifetime and profitability studies for stationary storage systems.

The paper investigates the experiences and perceptions of the elementary school teachers implementing a self-designed Holistic Assessment Framework (HAF). This is a transformative multidimensional assessment framework focused on transforming the assessment practices in elementary education, making them more diverse as well as holistic, tailored to the unique needs of the learners. The HAF reflects in detail the progress as well as the uniqueness of each learner in the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domain. It follows a participatory, inclusive, and learner centric approach and includes assessments of dimensions - physical development, socio-emotional and ethical development, cognitive development, language, and literacy development, and, aesthetic and cultural development. The teachers’ discourses based on the implementation of this framework on Grade I students presented as a case. Semi-structured interviews were conducted of elementary teachers (n = 17). The applicability of the framework was determined with the help of hybrid approach including deductive and inductive analysis of the data obtained on the predetermined themes. The paper contributes to the ongoing discourse of HAF, presenting valuable insights on application of holistic assessments and practical insights in a real-world context for teachers and parents. The assessment framework guides and empower teachers to conduct effective learner centric assessments to improve learning and confidence in their students. This framework can be adopted by teachers to incorporate holistic assessments for taking the traditional assessment system towards student centricity and completeness.

In the context of the growing cybersecurity challenges for governments, this work presents a holistic cybersecurity framework specifically designed for e-Governments, distinguished by integrating recent advancements in risk management, regulatory compliance, and secure data exchange technologies, with a focus on strategic cybersecurity governance. Building on the MARISMA methodology, an adaptive risk Meta Pattern for e-Governments is developed, enabling dynamic and continuous threat assessment in a diverse governmental environment. Additionally, an extension of X-ROAD is introduced, addressing a limitation of this framework by expanding access to a secure interoperability solution across multiple countries. The framework also incorporates a strategic focus on sustainability, addressing cybersecurity not only from a technical perspective but also from social and economic dimensions. This work advances the construction of a secure and adaptable ecosystem for the e- Governments of the future, providing a comprehensive response to current and emerging cybersecurity challenges.

With advances in healthcare design settings and technology, previously established frameworks warrant to be revisited. A new framework based on the principles of holistic healing that integrates design theories and incorporates significant interior design components that help designers create healing spaces, through better understanding of user perception and preference of interior design elements is discussed. The holistic healing framework proposed is aimed at achieving satisfaction for single-occupancy room users with their hospital rooms. This framework appears to be particularly valuable in studying and understanding the physical setting and individual interactions within the environmental behaviour and how people perceive their surroundings. The onus is on designers to introduce design and décor to meet hospital room user requirements and showcase designer skills. Addressing a hospital room user’s satisfaction with healthcare facilities is only possible if these requirements are clearly documented and environmental behavior theories are fully understood.

The high occurrence and intensity of flood events at the European scale has urged the policymakers and water planners to invest time and funds for the design and implementation of effective flood management strategies that address major stages of disaster risk reduction, namely preparedness, response, recovery and mitigation. The optimal incorporation of these stages in the management plans is especially important in hydrographic networks that intersect urban units since these cities are highly vulnerable to flash floods. A holistic multicriteria framework is presented that estimates the spatiotemporal distribution of flood risk levels in the Garyllis River basin, which is located in the southern part of the island of Cyprus. A plethora of relevant information has been collected from multiple data sources, including satellite services, governmental portals, in-situ measurements, and historical records, at different spatiotemporal resolutions. For instance, a digital elevation model (DEM) with a 5 m spatial resolution was provided by the Department of Land and Surveys of Cyprus to model the topographical characteristics of the case site, the most recent land use/land cover map (2018) was extracted from Copernicus Land Monitoring Services, whereas daily precipitation data from nearby ground-based rainfall stations were provided by the Department of Meteorology. The collected data have been further verified and improved via field visits and discussions with relevant actors, harmonized in terms of spatial and temporal resolution and resampled into a common numerical grid to conduct two-dimensional hydraulic simulations (HEC-RAS) for estimating the evolution of flood hazard on the basis of water depths for different scenarios (i.e., three different return periods). The vulnerability levels of the study area are estimated by multiplying the weights and standardized scores of population age and population density, according to the most recent official governmental reports. In addition, the flood exposure was estimated on the basis of the land value. For each flood risk component, all factors are assigned equal weighting coefficients. Consequently, the flood risk indicator is estimated at each location by integrating the hazard, vulnerability and exposure indicators. The validity of the proposed methodology is tested by comparing the critical points that were identified during the on-site visits with the estimations of the flood risk levels. Consequently, escape routes and refuge regions were recommended for the worst-case scenario according to specific constraints. The results of this study have been discussed and approved by the national water authorities and will contribute to their ongoing efforts to further align with the EU priorities and strategies, particularly Floods Directive 2007/60/EC. Additionally, the outcomes of this study are expected to support social awareness regarding the actions that need to be taken.

With the growing social and environmental concerns, the integration of sustainability in supplier selection and order allocation is of paramount importance. This research presents a holistic multi-phase decision-support framework to solve the sustainable supplier selection and order allocation problem for the multi-echelon supply chain. The framework comprises a multi-objective mixed-integer nonlinear programming mathematical model augmented with fuzzy multi-criteria decision making techniques and forecast demand. The various economic, environmental and social objectives were optimized for a multi-modal transportation network of a multi-echelon supply chain. The results of the mathematical model highlighted the impact of multi-modal transportation on the total cost and total travel time. The results also demonstrated the relationship between the multi-modal transport network and the environmental impact of the supply chain. The proposed multi-phase holistic decision support framework can be used in the comprehensive sustainability-based analysis of supply chains.

Reliability of power system in terms of investments in network maintenance and restructuring for power distribution network has gained importance due to increase in distributed generation. To determine the reliability of the power distribution network, the state of power apparatus, losses in the network and consumer satisfaction indices are key factors. Considering the aforementioned, this paper proposes a holistic reliability framework for power distribution networks. The framework lists the following factors: life cycle of power apparatus, environmental and sociological, node reliability, arc reliability. A case study for reliability evaluation is performed on a modified IEEE 14 bus network. Furthermore, multiple scenarios of generation fault or outage are studied and results are presented. The key contribution of this paper is to present a novel and holistic reliability framework to model distribution network.