How reliable are COVID-19 burden estimates for India?

SARS-CoV-2's origin should be investigated worldwide for pandemic prevention

Electrocardiographic features of patients with COVID-19: One year of unexpected manifestations

Underestimation of Influenza Viral Infection in Childhood Asthma Exacerbations

Capnocytophaga canimorsus Sepsis Following a Minor Dog Bite to the Finger: Case Report

The Challenges of Venoarterial ECMO for Postcardiotomy Shock

Twenty percent of very preterm neonates (23-32 weeks of gestation) are born with bacteremia caused by genital Mycoplasmas

We have reconstituted human mitochondrial transcription in vitro on DNA oligonucleotide templates representing the light strand and heavy strand-1 promoters using protein components (RNA polymerase and transcription factors A and B2) isolated from Escherichia coli. We show that 1 eq of each transcription factor and polymerase relative to the promoter is required to assemble a functional initiation complex. The light strand promoter is at least 2-fold more efficient than the heavy strand-1 promoter, but this difference cannot be explained solely by the differences in the interaction of the transcription machinery with the different promoters. In both cases, the rate-limiting step for production of the first phosphodiester bond is open complex formation. Open complex formation requires both transcription factors; however, steps immediately thereafter only require transcription factor B2. The concentration of nucleotide required for production of the first dinucleotide product is substantially higher than that required for subsequent cycles of nucleotide addition. In vitro, promoter-specific differences in post-initiation control of transcription exist, as well as a second rate-limiting step that controls conversion of the transcription initiation complex into a transcription elongation complex. Rate-limiting steps of the biochemical pathways are often those that are targeted for regulation. Like the more complex multisubunit transcription systems, multiple steps may exist for control of transcription in human mitochondria. The tools and mechanistic framework presented here will facilitate not only the discovery of mechanisms regulating human mitochondrial transcription but also interrogation of the structure, function, and mechanism of the complexes that are regulated during human mitochondrial transcription.

Central corneal thickness in children—does it help or hinder our evaluation of eyes at risk for glaucoma?

The Commensal Microbiota and Enteropathogens in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

An atypical presentation of monkeypox associated with scrotal and penile shaft edema

Rethinking hepatitis C viral kinetics: Insights into host-virus interactions in ‘difficult-to-treat’ groups and implications for novel treatment approaches

Rescue therapy for drug resistant hepatitis B: Another argument for combination chemotherapy?

Impaired Autophagy Triggers Chronic Pancreatitis: Lessons From Pancreas-Specific Atg5 Knockout Mice

Pulmonary Hypertension: From an Orphan Disease to a Public Health Problem

The importance for tuberculosis of mitigating economic crises