IBC Tracer: Web-Based Application for Online Tracing the Spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia Using BFS Algorithm

Almost all countries in the world, including Indonesia, have been affected by the spread of COVID-19. As a response, several efforts and solutions have been implemented to avoid the negative impacts of this pandemic. In the context of Indonesia, for example, these include short-term solutions by limiting social contacts and human mobility with national or regional lockdowns. The solutions are surely not an easy way to be implemented in this archipelagic country that has many islands. The initial spread of COVID-19 back in March 2020 had stopped many economic activities in many Indonesian regions, especially in the urban areas. At the end of 2020, when the population mobility was started to be lifted, the spread of Covid-19 became increasingly out of control. Therefore, large-scale social restrictions have once again been implemented, especially in the most populated islands of Java and Bali. This paper aims to investigate the relationship between short-term solutions, human mobility and the spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia. The analyses use data on the trends of Covid-19 cases and human mobility that have been collected by the National Statistical Office (BPS) and the National Task Force (Satuan Tugas/Satgas) on handling Covid-19. The results found that there are strong relationships between human mobility and the increase of Covid-19 cases. Strong enforcement of public policy on how health protocol must be adhering in practices has given a remarkable impact on transmitted diseases on transportation.

The Covid-19 pandemic is a serious disease that spreading to the world community. In Indonesia, Covid-19 causes health and social problems. This paper examines how the spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia, how Islamic scholars and scientists in Indonesia view the Covid-19 problem, and how the Qur'an provides solutions in dealing with Covid-19. This study uses the thematic interpretation method with a conceptual analysis approach in unraveling research problems. The results show that the spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia is relatively high among countries in the world, the views of clergy and scientists in Indonesia about Covid-19 are not always in line, and the Qur'an contains teachings in the form of efforts to mitigate the spread of the virus by teaching habits of maintain body hygiene, consuming nutritions, multiply zikr to gain relaxing of mind, and be smart toward receiving information about Covid-19.

This is an online survey research of 816 respondents aged ≥ 18 years throughout Indonesia, aiming at analyzing the information seeking behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This is a descriptive analytic research with cross-sectional design, aiming at describing the information seeking behavior of Indonesian people during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sociodemographic data and the respondents‘ information seeking behavior were analyzed descriptively, and then using the Chi-Square Test. Significant results (p<0,05) were found in the relationship between age and marital status with the information seeking behavior about the transmission of COVID-19 in Indonesia, the number of infected people in Indonesia, and the number of infected people in the world. This research results can be used as a reference for related parties in providing information about COVID-19 to be able to consider the age group and community marital status, thus it is expected to influence knowledge as well as to increase the behavior of preventing community against the COVID-19 transmission.

Abstract. This study aims to determine the effect of knowledge of fatwa, the knowledge of coronavirus disease, and family factors on student compliance with social distancing policies to prevent the spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia. This study was quantitative and the data were collected through questionnaires distributed via google forms. The data were collected from 426 respondents who were students of private and public Universities in Indonesia. The tool of analysis used in this study was the Partial Least Square (PLS) method, a variance-based structural equation analysis (SEM) that can simultaneously perform the measurement and structural model testing. The study found that there was a significant influence of the family factors on the compliance of students with social distancing policies. While there was no significant influence of the knowledge of fatwa and Covid-19 variables on student compliance with social distancing. The results of this study contribute to enriching the discourse of the role of religious and social factors on student compliance with social distancing policy to reduce the spread of Covid-19

The phenomenon of the outbreak Covid-19 pandemic in a number of countries, including Indonesia. This condition not only affects the condition of a country, hinders social interaction among community, and also has been impact on the health condition of every human being. To avoid the wider spread of Covid-19, the Indonesian government adopted a policy of social distancing and physical distancing in the form of staying at home, working from home, studying, and worshiping at home.The research’s design used Analytical Observational with Cross Sectional Study design. The independent variables of this study are the application of physical distancing, the application of hands washing behavior and consumption pattern of fruits and vegetables. The amount of sampling in this study were 109 respondents spread across Bogor Regency, West Java using accidental sampling’s and analyzed using chi-square. The results of the study illustrate that efforts to prevent Covid-19 by implementing physical distancing, hands washing behavior and vegetables fruits consumption patterns can reduces the risk of being exposed to Covid-19 in Indonesia. The Indonesian people must apply the Covid-19 prevention appeal that has been set by the government to reduce the spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) is infectious disease caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndr ome Coronavirus2. Sars-Cov-2 is a new type of coronavirus that infects thousands of millions of people in the world in a short time. Anticipating the increase in the spread of infection due to COVID-19, the government urges all people to adopt a new lifestyle during the pandemic. Prevention efforts carried out by the government are the implementation of Health Protocols, Adaptation of New Habits, Large-Scale Social Restrictions, and Enforcement of Restrictions on Community Activities. This scientific work aims to determine the prevention efforts made by the government in reducing the spread of covid-19. This research method uses literature studies or studies of journals regarding the prevention of COVID-19. The results show that the efforts made by the DKI Jakarta Government in preventing the spread of covid-19 by implementing Health Protocols (washing hands with soap, wearing masks, social distancing, maintaining distance, self-isolation), New Adaptations/New Normal, Large-Scale Social Restrictions, and Enforcement Restrictions on Community Activities. The conclusion is the efforts to prevent the spread of covid-19 carried out by the DKI Jakarta Government as a change in the order of people's lives by applying various rules. This is done to reduce the spread of COVID-19 in the community. Then it is necessary to enforce strict and real punishments for violators in the form of fines large enough to create a deterrent effect for people who violate the policies and rules that have been applied.

This study aims to examine the theory of securitization and relate it to the strategy undertaken by the Indonesian government to deal with the Covid-19 pandemic. This is interesting to study because the main demands on every country during this pandemic are; what to do, how to do it, is the strategy for handling Covid-19 by the state the answer for the wider community? This question is the duty of the state to be able to provide a sense of security for the community. The research methodology will be carried out under a qualitative umbrella with the thick description method. The results found in this study were that Indonesia initially considered Covid-19 only as a health problem before the WHO gave an appeal. It can be said that this appeal is a norm that was formed in which Indonesia must implement an appeal from WHO. This is a turning point for the Indonesian government in dealing with the spread of Covid-19. In addition to forming this justification, the Indonesian people are also an important object in tackling the spread of COVID-19 in Indonesia where the level of discipline of the Indonesian people determines the success of the Indonesian Government's direction in the issue of the spread of COVID-19 as a security issue.

Health is a human right, so it is the state's obligation to fulfill it. The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and Act No. 36 of 2009 concerning Health have provided health insurance for every citizen. Currently, there is a COVID-19 pandemic that has hit countries in the world, including Indonesia. Various policies have been taken to overcome the spread of the Covid-19 virus. Indonesia already has Act No. 4 of 1984 concerning Outbreaks of Infectious Diseases, and Act No. 6 of 2018 concerning Health Quarantine. The government has issued policies to prevent the spread of COVID-19, namely the Large-Scale Social Restriction (PSBB) and the Enforcement of Community Activity Restrictions (PPKM). But in reality, the spread of the Covid-19 virus has not been resolved, even more people are infected, not even a few have died. Therefore, legal awareness of the community and law enforcement is needed to be able to implement policies so that the spread of the Covid-29 virus ends soon.

The Covid-19 pandemic that has hit the world, including Indonesia, has forced the government to take policies to prevent the spread of this deadly virus. One of the efforts is socialization to gain people's awareness to keep their distance and stay home. One of the media that can be used for this purpose is Twitter. However, even socialization efforts have been carried out, the spread of Covid-19 cases still has not yet decreased. Many aspects have to be evaluated to fix the situation. One of them is to evaluate the level of community compliance compared to the spread of Covid-19. This study aims to determine the level of community compliance to stay at home and its correlation with the number of positive cases of Covid-19 in Indonesia. This study takes the data from the tweets of the Indonesian people. The algorithms used are logistic regression and random forest combined with the ensemble algorithm, namely bagging. Twitter data taken are those that contain the word covid19, tetapdirumah, stayathome, mudik, psbb; location in Indonesia within a period of March 3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rd</sup> to July 7 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> 2020. The data obtained from 705 tweets shows that non-compliance community has increased starting mid-June 2020 which is in line with the increasing data trend on the Covid-19 cases in Indonesia.

This study aims to use datasets on Twitter to find out public opinion on the spread of coronavirus in Indonesia by conducting sentiment analysis. The resulting sentiment analysis will benefit the community by helping the Indonesian government take various strategic measures to prevent and counter the spread of the COVID-19. This research was conducted through the data collection stage, namely crawling data tweet words in Bahasa Indonesia containing the meaning of the spread of COVID-19, the next stage of the process of creating labels manually. Next, the pre-process stage by removing the character, symbols and special features from Twitter. The last stage, classification using learning machine with 3(three) methods namely K-nearest neighbor (K-NN), Naïve Bayes and decision tree. The study analyzed sentiment of 1,119 valid Tweets data and found that K-NN algorithm had the highest accuracy value compared to Naïve Bayes and decision tree algorithms, which was 95.10%. However, the Twitter data analyzed obtained 78.19% of Tweets that fall into the negative category and only 13.85% of public opinion that is positive. This indicates that most of the Tweets of Indonesians in twitter do not mean the spread of COVID-19 disease somewhere.

Introduction: Knowledge and a good attitude are the keys to success in helping citizens to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Ignorance and indifferent attitude will cause COVID-19 to never end. The community has an important role in breaking the chain of spread and transmission of COVID-19. Methods: The type of research used in this research is descriptive-analytic research design with cross-sectional research. The method of determining the sample used in this study was done by simple random sampling with a total sample of 112 residents in the Ambar Waringin Jaya Housing Bojong Gede Bogor. Results: There is a significant relationship between knowledge and COVID-19 prevention with a correlation coefficient of 336,000 and p-value = 0.000. There is a significant relationship between family attitudes and COVID-19 prevention with a correlation coefficient of 3,924 and a p-value = 0.001. Discussion: Good family knowledge and attitudes toward preventing the transmission of COVID-19 are needed to break the chain of the spread of COVID-19.

Are environmental pollution and biodiversity levels associated to the spread and mortality of COVID-19? A four-month global analysis☆

One form of non-military threat that is currently occurring is a disease outbreak, namely the COVID-19 pandemic. Apart from having an impact on the health sector, the COVID-19 pandemic also has an impact on the environmental sector. Some of the negative impacts caused by the COVID-19 pandemic include an increase in medical waste. The aim of this research is to examine and describe Managing Medical Waste in the Context of Environmental Security during COVID-19 in Indonesia. This research used a descriptive method and a qualitative approach. The data sources are secondary data (journals, archives, books, documents). The data collection technique is a literature study, with the data analysis used being bibliographic analysis. The results are there is a 30% - 50% increase in medical waste during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Therefore, Understanding related regulations on environmental pollution due to the accumulation of medical waste is still limited. Regulations related to environmental pollution have not been able to reach the wider public. So, The usage of a comprehensive and medical waste management strategy has to be accelerated. Cautious planning and strict usage of standards, methods, and rules on how to dispose of medical waste need to be implemented. In making decisions on that, governments and stakeholders ought to consider both environmental security as much as the human security perspectives of the population.

Since November 2019, most countries across the globe have suffered from the disastrous consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic which redefined every aspect of human life. Given the inevitable spread and transmission of the virus, it is critical to acknowledge the factors that catalyse transmission of the disease. This research investigates the relation of the external demographic parameters such as total population, population density and weighted population density on the spread of Covid-19 in Malaysia. Pearson correlation and simple linear regression were utilized to identify the relation between the population-related variables and the spread of Covid-19 in Malaysia using data from 15th March 2020 to 31st March 2021. As a result, a strong positive significant correlation between the total population and Covid-19 cases was found. However, a weak positive relationship was found between the density variable (population density and weighted population density) and the spread of Covid-19. Our findings suggest that the transmission of Covid-19 during lockdown (Movement Control Order, MCO) in Malaysia was more readily explained by the demographic variable population size, than population density or weighted population density. Thus, this study could be helpful in intervention planning and managing future virus outbreaks in Malaysia.

COVID-19 Pandemic has become a major problem in various infected countries, including Indonesia. The proper risk communication strategy during this outbreak was important to reduce the impact. Therefore, this research was intended to assess the potential use of Google Trends as a tool to monitor risk communication during COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Search patterns were analyzed using the terminology used to identify COVID-19 in Indonesia, followed by information-finding keywords 'gejala (symptoms)', 'mencegah (preventing)', and 'obat (drug)' keywords compared to the number of newly confirmed COVID-19 cases in Indonesia using time-lagged correlation analysis from December 31th, 2019 to April 20th, 2020. Peaks within respective timelines were qualitatively described according to current COVID-19 related events. ”Corona” was the terminology mostly used in Indonesia to identify COVID-19. There were five spikes observed from “corona” keyword timeline, which each spike was dependent on the media coverage and regulation by the Government. Validation using time-lagged correlation yields significant results between corona, corona symptoms, preventing corona and corona drugs compared to newly confirmed COVID-19 cases in Indonesia. Google Trends can potentially be used to maximize the improvement of risk communication and as a tool to monitor public restlessness during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia by Government.