Implied actions between paired objects lead to affordance selection by inhibition.

With the increasing use of active object systems, agents and concurrent object oriented languages like Java, the problem of garbage collection of unused resources has become more complicated. Since Active objects are standalone computational agents identifying garbage in active objects system cannot be based on reachability from a root set (which we use for passive objects). We have to go for separate algorithm to collect garbage on system which uses active objects. For the systems which use both active and passive objects we have to use 2 separate methods for collecting garbage. To avoid this we can use a transformation algorithm that can transfer active object reference graph into passive object reference graph, after which we can apply the passive object algorithm to collect garbage from the entire system. An attempt is made to travel through the transformation algorithms.KeywordsActive ObjectsGarbage CollectionPassive ObjectsDistributed Garbage CollectionTransformation Algorithm

Large-scale distributed computing applications require concurrent programming models that support modular and compositional software development. The actor model supports the development of independent software components with its asynchronous message-passing communication and state encapsulation properties. Automatic actor garbage collection is necessary for high-level actor-oriented programming, but identifying live actors is not as intuitive and easy as identifying live passive objects in a reference graph. However, a transformation method can turn an actor reference graph into a passive object reference graph, which enables the use of passive object garbage collection algorithms and simplifies the problem of actor garbage collection. In this paper, we formally define potential communication by introducing two binary relations - the may-talk-to and the may-transitively-talk-to relations, which are then used to define the set of live actors. We also devise two vertex-preserving transformation methods to transform an actor reference graph into a passive object reference graph. We provide correctness proofs for the proposed algorithms. The experimental results also show that the proposed algorithms are efficient.

Dorsal and ventral stream contribution to the paired-object affordance effect

The number of operational satellites and debris objects in the valuable geosynchronous ring has increased steadily over time such that active debris removal missions are necessary to ensure long-term stability. These objects are very large and tumbling, making any mission scenarios requiring physical contact very challenging. In the last 10 years, the concept of using an electrostatic tractor has been investigated extensively. With the electrostatic tractor concept, active charge emission is employed to simultaneously charge the tug or services vehicle, while aiming the charge exhaust onto the passive space debris object to charge it as well. The resulting electrostatic force has been explored to actuate this debris object to a disposal orbit or to detumble the object, all without physical contact. This paper provides a survey of the related research and reviews the charging concepts, the associated electrostatic force and torque modeling, and the feedback control developments, as well as the charge sensing research.

The distributed representation of random and meaningful object pairs in human occipitotemporal cortex: The weighted average as a general rule

Object–object interaction affordance learning

In two matching tasks, participants had to match two images of object pairs. Image-based (IB) connectedness refers to connectedness between the objects in an image. Object-based (OB) connectedness refers to connectedness between the interpreted objects. In Experiment 1, a monocular depth cue (shadow) was used to distinguish different relation types between object pairs. Three relation types were created: IB/OB-connected objects, IB/OB-disconnected objects, and IB-connected/OB-disconnected objects. It was found that IB/OB-connected objects were matched faster than IB/OB-disconnected objects. Objects that were IB-connected/OB-disconnected were matched equally to IB/OB-disconnected objects. In Experiment 2, stereoscopic presentation was used. With relation types comparable to those in Experiment 1, it was again found that OB connectedness determined speed of matching, rather than IB connectedness. We conclude that matching of projections of three-dimensional objects depends more on OB connectedness than on IB connectedness.

We study the moduli-space scattering of a two-charge supertube in the background of a rotating BPS D1-D5-P black hole in 4+1 dimensions, extending the static analysis of Bena and Kraus (hep-th/0402144). While the magnetic forces associated with this motion change the details considerably, the final conclusion is similar to that of the static analysis: we find that one can bring the supertube to the horizon, so that the BMPV black hole and the supertube merge. However, our analysis shows that this can occur even at significantly larger values of the angular momentum than was indicated by the static analysis. For a range of parameters, conservation laws and the area theorem forbid the result of the merger from being any single known object: neither near-extremal black holes nor non-supersymmetric black rings are allowed. Such results suggest that the merger triggers an instability of the rotating D1-D5-P black hole, perhaps leading to bifurcation into a pair of black objects.

This paper presents a novel pairwise classification framework for face recognition (FR). In the framework, a two-class (intra- and inter-personal) classification problem is considered and features are extracted using pairs of images. This approach makes it possible to incorporate prior knowledge through the selection of training image pairs and facilitates the application of the framework to tackle application areas such as facial aging. The non-linear empirical kernel map is used to reduce the dimensionality and the imbalance in the training sample set tackled by a novel training strategy. Experiments have been conducted using the FERET face database.format.Keywordsface recognitionclassificationaging

Spatiotemporal data fusion is a methodology to generate images with both high spatial and temporal resolution. Most spatiotemporal data fusion methods generate the fused image at a prediction date based on pairs of input images from other dates. The performance of spatiotemporal data fusion is greatly affected by the selection of the input image pair. There are two criteria for selecting the input image pair: the “similarity” criterion, in which the image at the base date should be as similar as possible to that at the prediction date, and the “consistency” criterion, in which the coarse and fine images at the base date should be consistent in terms of their radiometric characteristics and imaging geometry. Unfortunately, the “consistency” criterion has not been quantitatively considered by previous selection strategies. We thus develop a novel method (called “cross-fusion”) to address the issue of the determination of the base image pair. The new method first chooses several candidate input image pairs according to the “similarity” criterion and then takes the “consistency” criterion into account by employing all of the candidate input image pairs to implement spatiotemporal data fusion between them. We applied the new method to MODIS-Landsat Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data fusion. The results show that the cross-fusion method performs better than four other selection strategies, with lower average absolute difference (AAD) values and higher correlation coefficients in various vegetated regions including a deciduous forest in Northeast China, an evergreen forest in South China, cropland in North China Plain, and grassland in the Tibetan Plateau. We simulated scenarios for the inconsistency between MODIS and Landsat data and found that the simulated inconsistency is successfully quantified by the new method. In addition, the cross-fusion method is less affected by cloud omission errors. The fused NDVI time-series data generated by the new method tracked various vegetation growth trajectories better than previous selection strategies. We expect that the cross-fusion method can advance practical applications of spatiotemporal data fusion technology.

"Things are ordered in a wonderful manner."Joseph Conrad, Under Western Eyes (1911)"…in consideration of the imperfection inherent in the order of the world…"Heinrich von Kleist, The Marquise of O (1808), Translation by Nigel Reeves" '…so Princeton,' Dawn said, 'so unerring. He works so hard to be one-dimensional…' "Philip Roth, American Pastoral (1997)The three major sections of this chapter discuss various aspects of the task of optimally sequencing (or seriating) a set S of n objects along a continuum based on whatever proximity data may be available between the object pairs. The ultimate purpose of any sequencing technique, as is generally true for all CDA methods, is to use whatever combinatorial structure is identified (which in the present context will be object orderings) to help explain the relationships that may be present among the objects, as reflected by the proximity data. Section 4.1 is concerned with the (unconstrained) sequencing of a single object set, although this single set may itself be the union of two disjoint sets. In this latter case, the task of object placement is one of obtaining a joint sequencing of the two sets (i.e., we have a data analysis task usually discussed under the subject of unidimensional unfolding; e.g., see Heiser (1981)).

To support roles and similar notions involving multiple views on an object, languages like Object Teams and CaesarJ include mechanisms known as lifting and lowering. These mechanisms connect pairs of objects of otherwise unrelated types, and enables programmers to consider such a pair almost as a single object which has both types. In the terminology of Object Teams this is called translation polymorphism. In both Object Teams and CaesarJ the type system of the Java programming language has been extended to support this through the use of advanced language features. However, so far the soundness of translation polymorphism has not been proved.This paper presents a simple model that extends Featherweight Java with the core operations of translation polymorphism, provides a Coq proof that its type system is sound, and shows that the ambiguity problem associated with the so-called smart lifting mechanism can be eliminated by a very simple semantics for lifting.KeywordsFormal foundationslanguage designlifting/loweringTranslation Polymorphismtype systems

Can the elderly take the action? – The influence of unitization induced by action relationships on the associative memory deficit

Sunda Strait’s geographical condition makes it experience many tectonic and seismic events. Deformation monitoring has been carried out with various methods ranging from terrestrial and non-terrestrial surveys. This study aimed to monitor the dynamics of deformation in the Sunda Strait region in 2019 using Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR). DInSAR principle analyzes the paired SAR images that have been co-registered with different acquisition times to detect changes along the sensor observation line to the target or Line of Sight (LOS). The SAR data used are Sentinel-1 acquisition on June 1, and October 23, 2019. The results show that the coherence value of the image pair is low due to differences in the phase and intensity values. The maximum uplift value is 0.54 m located in the West Lampung Regency, and the subsidence is −0.3 m in the Pesisir Barat Regency. Uplift results are located in various geological conditions and do not affect by seismic phenomena, whereas subsidence shows its location in the potential area of land subsidence. The dynamics of uplift and subsidence in the Lampung regency are mostly affected by the geological and land use conditions of the locations.
 HIGHLIGHTS
 
 DInSAR provides deformation measurements with a high level of data precision over a large area
 The selection of image pairs is essential for analyzing ground deformation using DInSAR
 Lampung Province has experienced uplift and subsidence in several locations
 The dynamic of uplift and subsidence in the Lampung Province is mostly affected by the conditions of the geological and land-cover condition
 
 GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

In previous research, Konkle and Oliva (VSS-2009) found that the preferred visual size (“canonical size”) of a picture of an object is proportional to the log of its known physical size: Small physical objects are preferred when their images are small within a frame and large physical objects are preferred when their images are large within a frame. They employed within-participant designs using multiple objects in several different tasks, including a perceptual preference task in which they asked participants to adjust the image size so that the object “looks best.” Because of concerns about how the instructions were interpreted (is the image that “looks best” the one at which it “looks most like itself” or the one that is “most aesthetically pleasing”) and possible demand characteristics (the same person seeing multiple objects of different sizes may implicitly feel pressured to make their relative sizes consistent), we studied image size effects on aesthetic judgments using a two-alternative forced-choice method in both within- and between-participant designs, asking them to choose the picture that you “like best. ”In Experiment 1, participants saw all possible pairs of images depicting the same object at six different sizes for twelve real-world objects that varied in physical size. Consistent with Konkle and Oliva's findings, participants preferred small objects to be smaller in the frame and large objects to be larger, regardless of whether they saw only a single object (the between-participant design) or all objects intermixed (the within-participant design). In Experiment 2, we examined whether this effect would still be evident if the amount of visual detail present at different sizes was equated by “posterizing” the images. Here the ecological bias toward relative size effects disappeared. Our findings indicate that multiple factors interact in determining aesthetic responses to images of different sizes.