Improving Patient Outcomes by Standardizing Care

Rationale, considerations, and goals for atrial fibrillation centers of excellence: A Heart Rhythm Society perspective

Development of National Research and Clinical Agendas for Patient-Reported Outcomes in IR: Proceedings from a Multidisciplinary Consensus Panel

On Being Better Kidney Doctors: Understanding Trajectories, Probabilities, Predictability, and People

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist to induce final oocyte maturation prevents the development of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in high-risk patients and leads to improved clinical outcomes compared with coasting

Counterpoint: Should Systemic Lytic Therapy Be Used for Submassive Pulmonary Embolism? No

Cost-effectiveness analysis in cardiac surgery: A review of its concepts and methodologies

Electrocardiographic features of patients with COVID-19: One year of unexpected manifestations

HRS Expert Consensus Statement on remote interrogation and monitoring for cardiovascular implantable electronic devices.

We have reconstituted human mitochondrial transcription in vitro on DNA oligonucleotide templates representing the light strand and heavy strand-1 promoters using protein components (RNA polymerase and transcription factors A and B2) isolated from Escherichia coli. We show that 1 eq of each transcription factor and polymerase relative to the promoter is required to assemble a functional initiation complex. The light strand promoter is at least 2-fold more efficient than the heavy strand-1 promoter, but this difference cannot be explained solely by the differences in the interaction of the transcription machinery with the different promoters. In both cases, the rate-limiting step for production of the first phosphodiester bond is open complex formation. Open complex formation requires both transcription factors; however, steps immediately thereafter only require transcription factor B2. The concentration of nucleotide required for production of the first dinucleotide product is substantially higher than that required for subsequent cycles of nucleotide addition. In vitro, promoter-specific differences in post-initiation control of transcription exist, as well as a second rate-limiting step that controls conversion of the transcription initiation complex into a transcription elongation complex. Rate-limiting steps of the biochemical pathways are often those that are targeted for regulation. Like the more complex multisubunit transcription systems, multiple steps may exist for control of transcription in human mitochondria. The tools and mechanistic framework presented here will facilitate not only the discovery of mechanisms regulating human mitochondrial transcription but also interrogation of the structure, function, and mechanism of the complexes that are regulated during human mitochondrial transcription.

Morpho-Functional Features of the Radial Artery: Implications for Use as a Coronary Bypass Conduit

The Johns Hopkins Post-Acute COVID-19 Team (PACT): A Multidisciplinary, Collaborative, Ambulatory Framework Supporting COVID-19 Survivors

Fellowship Training in Adult Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology: Navigating the New Educational Landscape as a Result of the Coronavirus Crisis

High-Dose Oral Erythromycin Decreased the Incidence of Parenteral Nutrition-Associated Cholestasis in Preterm Infants

Pulmonary Hypertension: From an Orphan Disease to a Public Health Problem

Chemoembolization and Radioembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma