Instructional Activities Designed to Improve Basic Knowledge for Technical Systems Management Classes

INTRODUCTION. The quality of medical care is largely determined by the professionalism and organization of interaction between doctors and nurses. In this regard, much attention should be paid to the continuing education of nurses at the level of world standards.PURPOSE OF THE WORK. Determination of the basic knowledge level on the theory and practical skills of the nurses-anesthetists and the efficacy of the training seminar as an element of postgraduate education evaluation.MATERIALS AND METHODS. We studied the basic and final level of knowledge of the nurses from the Anesthesiology and Intensive Care department from 23 regions of Ukraine, during the offsite educational courses Program for the nurses-anesthetists in 2017.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. In the study of the basic level of knowledge in general, the percentage of correct answers was 47.8 ± 26.2%. After training, this indicator rose to 69.2 ± 18.7% (p <0.0001). In particular, on the theoretical part of the initial test, the number of correct answers was on average 57.2 ± 23.7%, at the final – 67.5 ± 18.5%. According to the practical skills of nursing, the percentage of correct answers was initially 68.0 ± 20.6%, and 81.4 ± 14.6% – after the seminar (p <0.05). In the cardiopulmonary resuscitation unit, the number of correct answers before the seminar was only 28.4 ± 18.7%, but after the lectures and master classes this index corresponded to 64.7 ± 20.1% (p <0.0001), so it was more than doubled.CONCLUSIONS. The level of knowledge of medical sister-anesthetists leaves much to be desired, even on topics that relate to fairly common practical skills. Offsite educational courses for nurse-anesthetists, including lecture material and master classes, are relevant and in demand in most areas of Ukraine. Based on the results of the initial and final tests, the dynamics of the anesthetists level of knowledge after the courses increases in all thematic blocks, which indicates their effectiveness and feasibility. There is a need to develop tests with modeling of clinical situations to consolidate the skills of working in a team.

Objective: The primary aim of our study, an international web-based survey, is to obtain (I-a) physicians' statistical knowledge and (I-b) how this varies by their focus area (basic, internal and surgical). The secondary aim is to address the following questions: (II-a) to specify when in the medical education biostatistics course should be taught and (II-b) to identify the key statistical methods relevant to medical education. Material and Methods: A total of 278 physicians from 59 countries, who were invited to participate in our survey by e-mail, participated in our study. Physicians' data were obtained via a web-based survey. Results: Most of the physicians stated that biostatistics course should be taken at the undergraduate and at the residency. When we investigated the physicians' knowledge of statistical topics there was no difference between resident, specialist and academic staff. Although there were no differences according to statutes in terms of statistical knowledge level, it was observed that the knowledge levels were so low in all statistical topics, except the parametric tests. Especially it was found that the knowledge level about the sampling techniques was at the lowest degree. Conclusion: When the studies were evaluated, it was seen that statistics is one of the most important factors in respect to the reliability of conducted studies. Therefore researchers should have the basic statistical knowledge and have basic knowledge level on the specific statistical methods which are used in their research areas; also should take consultation from the biostatistics specialist.

IntroductionKnowing a disease is crucial for being able to fight it, especially in a region in which COVID-19 caused so many deaths, such as Latin America.ObjectiveTo determine the association between basic knowledge of COVID-19 and education level according to country of residence in Latin America.MethodologyThis is an analytical cross-sectional study. Basic level of knowledge was measured through nine close-ended questions (scale validated in Peru). The score obtained was analyzed through performing a crosstab vs. gender, age, education level, and country of residence.ResultsOf a total of 9,222 respondents, almost all of them knew the common symptoms (99%), modes of transmission (93%), and knew how to recognize which was not a specific symptom (93%). Through the multivariate model, we found that there was no association with gender (p = 0.716) or age (p = 0.059), in comparison with those who had primary or a lower education level. All the other higher education levels had statistically significant scores (all p-values p < 0.001). When comparing knowledge according to countries, and using Peru as reference for comparison, Chile, Paraguay, Mexico, Bolivia, Panama, Ecuador, Costa Rica, and Colombia had a better level of knowledge (all p-values < 0.001); however, only El Salvador had a lower level (p < 0.001).DiscussionThere was lack of knowledge of some topics, difference according to academic degree and country. As Peru was one of countries that obtained the lowest level of knowledge, it could have influenced the fact that it was the most affected country in the world.

The ongoing integration of various devices and services into nowadays buildings as part of networked building automation systems (BAS) demands for flexible and dynamically adaptable system architectures as they are supported by service orientation, which, moreover, can provide suitable abstractions when integrating new technologies and systems arising for example from the Internet of Things. The increasing complexity of such service systems, however, is accompanied by increasing dependability requirements. Therefore a comprehensive and automated technical management system including service lifecycle management, dynamic (re-)configuration, distributed (re-)deployment, self-repair etc. has to be accomplished. Furthermore the management tasks and the required abstraction of the managed system should span a defined state space in order to enable formal verification of system characteristics like dependability. This work reports on a technical management system utilizing general and system-specific event-condition-action-rules (ECA rules) to enable the dependable operation of BAS. The management tree does not only serve as homogeneous management interface to the BAS, but spans in conjunction with the ECA rules the desired state space.

Intercorrelations among paper-and-pencil test results of basic science knowledge, patient management questions, and ratings of actual clinical performance are repesented. The findings emphasize the complexity in evaluating students because the level of basic knowledge was not correlated with knowledge of clinical application, and neither were correlated with clinical performance ratings. Alternative explanations of these findings are discussed and corrective actions suggested.

BackgroundLevels of knowledge about diabetes mellitus (DM) among newly diagnosed diabetics in Bangladesh are unknown. This study assessed the relationship between knowledge and practices among newly diagnosed type 2 DM patients.MethodsNewly diagnosed adults with type 2 diabetes (N = 508) were selected from 19 healthcare centers. Patients’ knowledge and self-care practices were assessed via interviewer-administered questionnaires using a cross-sectional design. Knowledge questions were divided into basic and technical sections. Knowledge scores were categorized as poor (<mean – 1 SD), average (mean ± 1 SD), good (>mean + 1 SD). Chi square testing and multivariate logistic regression were conducted to examine the relationship between diabetes-related knowledge and self-care practices.ResultsApproximately 16%, 66%, and 18% of respondents had good, average, and poor (GAP) basic knowledge respectively and 10%, 78%, and 12% of respondents had GAP technical knowledge, about DM. About 90% of respondents from both basic and technical GAP did not test their blood glucose regularly; a significant relationship existed between basic knowledge and glucose monitoring. Technical knowledge and foot care were significantly related, though 81% with good technical knowledge and about 70% from average and poor groups did not take care of their feet. Approximately 85%, 71%, and 52% of the GAP technical knowledge groups, consumed betel nuts; a significant relationship existed between technical knowledge and consumption of betel nuts. Around 88%, 92%, and 98% of GAP technical knowledge groups failed to follow dietary advice from a diabetes educator. About 26%, 42%, and 51% of GAP basic and technical sometimes ate meals at a fixed time (p < 0.05). Approximately one-third of respondents in each basic knowledge group and 29%, 32%, and 32% of GAP technical knowledge groups partially followed rules for measuring food before eating. Total basic knowledge (TBK) and business profession were significant independent predictors of good practice. OR for TBK: 1.28 (95% CI: 1.03 to 1.60); OR for business profession 9.05 (95% CI: 1.17 to 70.09).ConclusionsNewly diagnosed type 2 diabetics had similar levels of basic and technical knowledge of DM. Health education and motivation should create positive changes in diabetes-control-related self-care practices.

The events of the World War II play a special role in the contemporary social discourse as the basis of collective memory and civil culture. The current attempts of some Western countries to misrepresent and rewrite the history of the World War II and to belittle the role of the Red Army in the rout of Nazism pursue serious geopolitical goals. Effective opposition to the falsification of history depends on the quality of youths knowledge about that period (active historical memory) and the younger generations emotional association with the war winner. The article presents the results of the sociological study conducted on the eve of the 75th anniversary of the Great Victory. First, there was a survey at the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (students aged 18-23) to identify the level of historical knowledge and assessments, sources (fiction and movies) of representations, ideas about reasons for the falsification of the World War II history and measures to oppose it. The questions were divided into three groups: historical (the level of basic knowledge), cultural-pedagogic, or emotional (questions about books and movies) and evaluative-predictive (reasons for the falsification of history and measures to oppose it). The study also aimed at comparing the results of the survey with all-Russian opinion polls and foreign surveys. Second, the author analyzed estimates of the reasons for the falsification of the war history and suggestions to oppose this negative trend, which were provided by leading experts from Russian and foreign universities and analytical centers. The comparison of the students and experienced researchers opinions revealed both similarities and differences in generational estimates, and allowed to identify some general ways to resist the intensified trend of the falsification of the war history.

2018 ACC/HRS/NASCI/SCAI/SCCT Expert Consensus Document on Optimal Use of Ionizing Radiation in Cardiovascular Imaging: Best Practices for Safety and Effectiveness.

A basic level of knowledge is obtained through training courses; which leads students to achieve the desired level of preparation of professional knowledge and skills. The purpose of the present study, Evaluating the role of educational workshops organized by scientific-research associations in increasing the level of knowledge and examining its impact on the performance and information of professional health engineering students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences. This study was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design for the implementation of an educational process, which was conducted by census sampling method in 2021. The research tool was the implementation of educational evaluation models through the implementation of ISO 10015 clauses. The ISO 10015 educational standard includes the step-by-step process of needs assessment, design and planning, implementation, and evaluation of effectiveness. Data analysis was done through SPSS V.22. Results show there is a significant difference in the analyzed parameters before and after the courses, including the change in attitude, students' understanding of the ease and usefulness of the courses, and their overall satisfaction (P value <0.005). The establishment and implementation of the ISO 10015 educational management, and the increase of scientific workshops and webinars in the field of safety, health, crisis, and disasters can have an effect on the learning process and skills, and the satisfaction with the education quality.

Introduction: Encouraged by the favorable outcomes of previous mediatic national prophylactic campaigns, initiated and sustained by the medical team of Teaching Emergency Hospital "Bagdasar-Arseni" and National TV Channels (ProTv, TVR1) focused on the risk of severe disability after cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI) by diving in unknown waters, we decided to continue increasing awareness education actions. The previous prophylactic campaigns were followed by a statistically significant reduction in the number of young patients admitted to hospital with quadriplegia after diving in unverified waters (26.8% in 2016 and 39% in 2017). Starting from the ISCoS paradigm "Prevention is cure", we have resumed the prophylactic educational actions addressed to healthcare professionals (students, residents, young doctors) in campaigns to prevent CSCI and accidental tetraplegia during summer sports. The objective of the study was to test medical, diving biomechanical level of knowledge and circumstances regarding risks associated with diving in unknown waters, among young kinetotherapy FMAM students (under the age of 35). The study has the Teaching Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni” Ethics Committee's approval NO 17464/14.06.2019. Materials and methods: The research was conducted using the questionnaire technique, containing 16 closed questions addressed to a number of 40 students from Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania Results: We observed that most of the young students act precociously: 67.5% swim in special designated places, 77.5% dive with their feet first, versus 22.5% plunge the head first. Students have a low level of knowledge about biomechanics of plunging and the impressive speeds reached during diving. More than two-thirds of them did not answer the question about the speed reached during diving from 1 m (7.5 m/s, equivalent to 27 km/h) (67.5% students), from 10 m platform (17.5 m/s, 63 km/h) (70% students) and diving from 30 m (25 m/s, 90 km/h) (67% students). Regarding the alcohol consumption before diving, 80% of them responded with "no", and only 5% responded with "occasional consumption". Eighteen students (45%) know the main risk of diving in unknown and shallow waters, and 20 students (50%) have responded incorrectly. Conclusions: Young students - future therapists have a low level of knowledge about CSCI risk and the severe disabilities that can occur accidentally by diving. It is mandatory to continue the education prophylactic initiative sustained activity through mass media, started in 2016-2018. Key words: traumatic spinal cord injury, tetraplegia, diving, plunging, unverified / unfamiliar water, summer sports,

Objective: The research of basic knowledge about DM was carried out in order to determine the quality of care for patients with diabetes. Respondents and Methods: The research was conducted among 194 nurses/technicians of the University Hospital of Split. A survey questionnaire (Table 1) was used as a research instrument, which consisted of general data and factors affecting DM, and examination of basic knowledge about DM. The questionnaire consisted 9 questions and lasted 20 minutes, with the presence of the examiner, without any literature or mobile phones. Results: To the question about the most common cause of death of patients with diabetes, the respondents answered with only 47.94% correct answers. A higher level of knowledge was shown in questions related to HbA1c (87.63%) and the reference value of HbA1c (68.56%). The lowest level of knowledge was observed in terms of the knowledge about the use of insulin (23.71%) and oral hypoglycaemics (35.05%). A higher percentage (55.67%) gave the correct answer to the question about the application of insulin. A statistical analysis of only the correct answers within individual clinics was also processed. Conclusion: There is an insufficient level of basic knowledge about the use of insulin therapy, the characteristics of oral antidiabetic drugs and patient education about proper nutrition among nurses. Disclosure H. Majstorovic: None. S. Vladislavic: None. M. Marendic: None. T. Milicevic Milardovic: Consultant; Abbott. Advisory Panel; AstraZeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim. Consultant; Novo Nordisk. V. Kokic Males: None.

Background: Evidence-based medicine is one of the most important topics in medical sciences that requires a proper teaching method. Very few studies have evaluated EBM education outcomes through peers and TBL workshops. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of evidence-based medicine (EBM) education through peers with TBL workshop method in medical students. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 42 medical students of the Faculty of Medicine in Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS) in 2019 who were selected through convenience sampling. Students were divided into 2 experimental and control groups based on the randomized blocking method. The data collection tools were 2 questioners that evaluated EBM knowledge and satisfaction in both intervention and control groups. The knowledge of students was compared using pretest and posttest and their satisfaction was evaluated at the end of the TBL workshop and peer education. Data were analyzed by SPSS software and descriptive tests (t test and ANOVA), and significance level was set at 0.95. Results: A significant difference was found between the level of basic knowledge (pretest) and secondary knowledge (posttest) in the EBM education through TBL workshop method compared to peer method. The average scores gained by students in TBL workshop were 3.8 more than the peer teaching method. The results of the Satisfaction Questionnaire were 74% in control group and 86% in the experimental group. Conclusion: EBM education through TBL workshop both increased students’ knowledge and satisfaction compared to peer education. Thus, it can be concluded that providing EBM education by expert and qualified teachers through face to face teaching strategy can be effective in knowledge translation. However, peers can participate in educational sessions as facilitators.

Accident is an emergency condition that is life threatening and requires immediate help. First aid in an accident is a treatment for accident victims before being treated by medical personnel with the aim of preventing victims from more severe injuries. Nursing students are not only required to have basic knowledge and skills in nursing practice, but also have the ability to respond to emergency conditions. Analyzing the relationship between the level of knowledge and readiness in performing first aid for accident victims in STIKes Nani Hasanuddin nursing students. The research is quantitative research with corelational analytic design. The design is cross sectional. The sample was 38 respondents with total sampling technique. The data was processed with SPSS 24 for windows, to analyze univariate and bivariate data with the sommers’D test. Results: Most of the respondents have a good level of knowledge 89,5 and readiness which is included in the ready category 86,8%. The result of the sommers’D test show that there is a relationship between the level of knowledge and readiness in performing first aid for accident victims in nursing students (p-value=0,017, r=0,971). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the level of knowledge and readiness in performing first aid for accident victims in nursing students of STIKes Nani Hasanuddin. If the level of first aid knowledge of accident victims is good, then the readiness to caryy out first aid will also be good or ready.

Background &amp; Objectives: Healthcare workers (HCWs) are prone to occupational hazards, which may have a significant impact on their health and safety. Inadequate worker training, a lack of appropriate protection measures, and a high workload could worsen the situation, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality among exposed workers. The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge and safety practices on occupational hazards among operating room (OR) staff of Mardan Medical Complex.&#x0D; Methodology: From April to September 2021, 109 OR staff participated in this cross-sectional study including the surgeons, the anesthetists, the technologists and the OR nurses. Data regarding the level of knowledge and safety practices among OR staff were recorded on a validated questionnaire. Data were analyzed on SPSS version 19 and presented in the form of tables and graphs. Chi-square test was used to find an association between categorical variables and P &lt; 0.05 were considered statistically significant.&#x0D; Results: Among all participants, 95% of surgeons were aware of the work-related hazards and their types, followed by OR nurses, technologists, and the anesthetists. The majority of OR personnel with less experience were least aware of the occupational hazards. The association with the participants job experience, degree of knowledge, and the safety practices was not statistically significant (P &gt; 0.05).&#x0D; Conclusion: The knowledge of the surgeons regarding occupational hazards and the safety practices was the highest, followed by the anesthetists, technicians/technologists, and the OR nurses in that order. Measures are required to promote safety practices and reinforcement of strategies aimed to minimize exposure to hazards. Routine training of staff on safety practices need to be initiated and made mandatory.&#x0D; Key words: Healthcare workers; Occupational Hazard; Occupational Health Risk&#x0D; Citation: Amin B, Ali N, Shahzeb M, Ahmad S, Shah A, Ahmad N. Knowledge and safety practices on occupational hazards among operating room staff in Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan, Pakistan. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;27(1):59−64. DOI: 10.35975/apic.v27i1.2119&#x0D; Received: Jul 28, 2022; Reviewed: Dec 15, 2022; Accepted: Dec 18, 2022

Medical device standards provide effective technique foundation for supervision to ensure medical device safety for the people. With the optimization and upgrading of the medical device industry, the medical devices standard system including law and regulation system, organization management system, and technical management system has been advanced and developed. According to the requirements of the development of medical device industry and its standards, we put forward four working ideas, in order to improve the scientificity and applicability of medical device standards.