Intelligent Integration of Innovative Technologies in Construction 5.0

Raising of problem. Innovative technologies in construction include 3D printing of objects for various purposes. At the heart of 3D printing technology is the principle of layer-by-layer creation of a solid model. This technology is based on the use of construction 3D printers, which are divided into printers that print the entire building and printers that create separate structural elements for the installation of objects. By design, 3D printers are of the flight type (mainly in the form of bridge structures) and with cantilever work equipment in the form of manipulators. Innovative technologies in construction include 3D printing of objects for various purposes. At the heart of 3D printing technology is the principle of layer-by-layer creation of a solid model. This technology is based on the use of construction 3D printers, which are divided into printers that print the entire building and printers that create separate structural elements for the installation of objects. By design, 3D printers are of the flight type (mainly in the form of bridge structures) and with cantilever work equipment in the form of manipulators. Bridge-type printers allow you to get better products due to the precise positioning of the working equipment, especially the extruder, which directly feeds the mixture. In the short time of development of 3D printing in construction (15…16 years) created a large number of different 3D printers of the bridge type, but there is no information on their study and comparative analysis of characteristics, which will improve their design to improve the quality of construction. Purpose. Comparative analysis of the characteristics and performance of variant designs of bridge-type 3D printers. The results of the study. Based on the analysis of printer versions, an advanced 3D printer in the form of a bridge structure with an extruder with two outlets was developed. This can significantly increase the productivity of manufacturing products. Conclusion. Different types of construction bridge-type 3D printers are considered, which have shortcomings and require improvement. An advanced 3D printer design has been developed that allows multiple products to be printed simultaneously. The analysis of the indicators of the considered variants of 3D printers showed that the use of an improved printer will reduce 1,9… 2,7 times the cost of manufacturing 1 m3 of products and 1,8… 2,6 times reduce the metal content compared to other printers.

Construction is one of the most significant sectors of the economy both by the share of the population employed in the industry and in the share of gross value added. Simultaneously сonstruction is one of the outsiders of digital transformation processes, which are now a trend in the development of the Russian economy. However, the construction industry has significant potential and prerequisites for the introduction of digital technologies, including building information modeling (BIM). A relevant scientific and practical task is to identify and systematize the factors (groups of factors) that have a significant impact on the introduction of innovative technologies in construction. This article presents the results of such systematisation with a focus on the implementation of BIM. The object of study was the enterprises of the investment and construction sphere of various focus, carrying out the transition to innovative digital technologies, including BIM. The subject is the factors of internal and external in relation to the organization of the nature that influence on the processes under study. The result of the study is a structured system of these factors, including external and internal environmental factors that may or may not be manageable in a particular management situation.

The paper presents the results of research in the field of the use of innovative technologies in the design of buildings. The modern technologies of information modeling, in particular, BIM, which makes it possible to represent the building not only in three-dimensional space, but also allows designing it in the dynamic system « design - construction – operation » are considered. The experience of using BIM technologies is based on identifying errors at the initial design stage and the possibility of their elimination at the same stage. The development of mechanisms for detecting design errors and defects formed the basis of the task set in the work. A model for signaling about the detection of defects has been developed, and the problem of stochastic modeling of the qualitative parameters of the designed object has been solved.

The study presents a comprehensive analysis of Russia’s role in the global construction services market, highlights historical and modern aspects of the market, identifies key factors influencing the current position of Russia, and identifies the main challenges and prospects for the industry. The conducted research is based on the analysis of statistical data, reviews of scientific publications, reports of governmental and international organizations, as well as expert opinions. Research examines in detail the economic importance of the construction sector for Russia, its integration into the world economy and the impact of globalization. The importance of construction in creating infrastructure, housing, employment and supporting related industries is also discussed. The influence of economic, political and technological factors on the Russian construction industry is assessed, including economic policy, the national currency exchange rate, legislative changes and innovative technologies in construction. The industry’s problems and challenges are analyzed, including the impact of international sanctions and the political environment, identifying key obstacles to development and suggesting possible ways to overcome them. Particular attention is paid to strategies and recommendations aimed at improving Russia’s position in the global construction services market. In conclusion, the article emphasizes that Russia’s position in the global construction services market depends on the complex interaction of economic, political and technological factors. Effectively managing these aspects requires a deep understanding of global economic trends and strategic planning at the national level.

Building information modeling (BIM)-based modular integrated construction risk management – Critical survey and future needs

Over the past two decades, the development of the rock-filled concrete technology has brought forward several innovative construction technologies, notably riprap rock-filled concrete (RRFC), vibrated rock-filled concrete (VRFC), self-protected underwater concrete (SPUC) and controlled self-compacting grouting. These technologies were invented to address a wide spectrum of newly encountered engineering challenges, such as difficult construction condition, underwater construction, environmentally friendly reclamation, and non-collapse or postponed collapse dam construction technology. This chapter aims to provide a timely review of the state of practice of these RFC-related technologies and their applications in a great diversity of key infrastructures, such as dams, bridges and waterbreaks. It is intended for students, researchers, and practicing engineers who seek more in-depth knowledge of the nature and behavior of RFC-related technologies, as well as principles and disciplines in design and construction.

The objective of this paper is to present an innovative construction technology, developed in Japan, in which dredged material obtained from seabed, lake or navigation channels, is transported and stabilized in a pipeline using compressed air. One major concern in highly developed urban coastal areas is to obtain quality soil for various construction purposes. The need to supply engineered materials for construction purposes, and finding new applications for the dredged materials dumped into the disposal sites are the main reasons for developing this technique. The drawback of most stabilization work is the high cost of manufacturing process and transporting. Accordingly, in the technique presented here the process of manufacturing (i.e., mixing dredging with a stabilizer and other additives) and transportation are carried out in a pipeline using compressed air. The technique aims for effective use of marine resources for various construction purposes in the coastal areas, while reducing the construction cost due to mixing inside a pipeline. Additionally, an assessment of field feasibility of the technique is described along with the characterization of the geomaterial using in situ and conventional laboratory tests. Several application areas of the technology for infrastructure development or rehabilitation in the coastal areas are described. Pipeline mixing is more suited for producing large amount of engineered fill, especially for large-scale projects.

Over the last decade, Additive Manufacturing (AM) has gained wide importance on several industrial fields, with however severe limitations in the dimensions on the outcomes, constrained to the limits imposed by the printer environment. As such, the applications of these innovative manufacturing technologies in construction have been limited to few explorations on small pieces, to be used as connection parts.
\nWith the advent of a new weld-based AM process, referred to as Wire-and-Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM), the scale of the printed outcomes increased up to several meters span, thus becoming suitable for real-scale applications in construction. Nonetheless, the outcomes from the printing process require specific considerations for structural design purposes in terms of geometrical irregularities and marked anisotropy
\nAs such, the study is focused on the characterization of WAAM-produced 308LSi stainless steel for structural applications and divided in three parts: Part A, Part B and Part C. 
\nPart A and B are devoted to study the so-called “continuous printing” strategy, to realize planar elements, and “dot-by-dot printing” strategy, to realize lattice and rod-like elements, respectively. Both parts are articulated as follows: (i) definition of a suitable design approach from the specifics of the printing process; (ii) experimental characterization of the WAAM-produced elements from the microstructural, geometrical and mechanical points of view; (iii) calibration of an orthotropic material model and definition of first design guidelines (according to Eurocode provisions); (iv) exploration of topologically-optimized shapes for new structural members realized with WAAM.
\nPart C is devoted to present new technologies and future developments on WAAM applications in construction. It is articulated as follows: (i) presentation of a new mobile 3D printing system; (ii) exploration of new perspectives for real-time monitoring systems.

This paper analyzes the integration of artificial intelligence with current technologies. Possibilities and methods of integration with modern innovations are revealed in the paper according to the studied and analyzed information from scientific sources around the world. The result of integration and possibilities of further development are demonstrated. A detailed description is provided for disadvantages and advantages of applying innovative technologies with integrated artificial intelligence in the construction industry. This paper familiarizes both the scientific community and the civilian population with opportunities and development prospects of construction industry through the introduction of artificial intelligence technology. Relevance: the study of current and effective technologies that have proven themselves with a positive side in the construction industry. Analysis of their implementation and use in modern realities. Purpose: The aim of the paper is to study the currently demanded technologies in the world construction utilizing artificial intelligence, consider in detail the efficiency of its use in economy, preservation of ecology and natural resources, ensuring safe labor activity, the possibility of further modernization and development with the provision of both disadvantages and advantages. Methodology: A study of scientific literature, research papers, Internet sources, private channels and opinions of active enthusiasts interested in and working on the implementation and development of innovative technologies. Research findings: The introduction and use of modern technologies in the construction industry is outlined, advantages and disadvantages of innovations are described. Basic concepts of modern technologies, their essence and demand in the world are studied, the necessity of their application and exploitation is described.

<p><strong>Abstract Global warming is a pressing issue that requires immediate attention. Consequently, Architects have an immense responsibility to promote renewable bio-based materials with innovative construction technologies in the construction industry to reduce operational and embodied carbon emissions. This research, focusing on embodied carbon emissions of materials, aims to identify strategies for reducing these emissions in the construction sector by promoting strawbales as a building material. Unfortunately, despite its significant potential as a building material, strawbale remains underutilized in New Zealand. Additionally, there is a considerable knowledge gap regarding emission reduction strategies in the industry.</strong></p><p>This thesis investigates how effective strawbales are as a construction material in reducing embodied carbon emissions in comparison to conventional materials. The method involved conducting a life cycle analysis of materials to comprehend the areas where embodied carbon emissions occur throughout their life cycle. This approach uses the BRANZ LCAQuick tool to calculate embodied carbon emissions and visualise them using bar graphs. Furthermore, construction details also have been developed along with strawbale material properties to find solutions to adapt strawbale as a material for the construction industry.</p><p>The results have clearly shown that strawbale has a significant potential to reduce embodied carbon emissions due to strawbale’s carbon sequestering capability as compared to conventional materials. However, there were many challenges of quantification due to limited data and assumptions. The BRANZ LCAQuick tool has limited data, making it challenging to quantify certain materials and products. However, the work shows that a combination of strawbale and timber constructions may be a good solution to reduce embodied carbon emissions. Additionally, this combination of materials has the potential to sequester carbon in the built environment over a long period. Yet, careful management of the carbon cycle of materials is essential, even though these are biobased materials.</p><p>This thesis concludes that to build a zero-carbon environment going forward, all building elements and materials of the design should be considered through responsible management of the carbon cycle of materials. Simply changing one building element into a bio-based material may not be enough to achieve carbon budget levels in New Zealand. Also, it is essential to implement innovative construction techniques to promote biobased materials. Additionally, a well-developed standard method to calculate embodied carbon emissions for New Zealand is essential.</p>

Prefabricated construction, as innovative construction technology, has been gradually applied in the construction industry in recent decades. However, little research has focused on the factors which affect the project schedule of prefabricated construction. Therefore, this review aims to systematically identify and classify determinants that influence the schedule of prefabricated constructions. Based on the literature review, 13 factors that influence the schedule performance of prefabricated construction projects are identified and classified into 7 categories: design, construction techniques, collaboration, coordination, and communication between participants, supply chain, owner, human resource, external conditions. The findings of this study provide valuable clues for both researchers and project practitioners to efficiently implement prefabricated construction projects. Future research directions are also provided.

The text describes the features of the project for developing and managing smart temporary residences in a circular economy vision, Eco System, Temporary House—ESTH, winner of the Smart Living Tender in the Lombardy region. The research project aims to create a development and management model for “smart” temporary residences by applying a circular economy vision to the construction, furnishing and services industry. The development involves the application to an existing building subject to functional, construction and energy redevelopment through innovative construction and digital technologies. The property’s redevelopment is based on a centralised management model for building (property and facility management) and users, thanks to use of the IoT (Internet of things).

В статье анализируется формирование экономического понятия стоимости в историческом аспекте. Отмечается, что стоимостная оценка проектов представляет собой сложный процесс измерения результатов на разных этапах работ; при этом стоимость проекта включает в себя все используемые ресурсы, такие как рабочая сила, материалы, оборудование и его амортизация, временные и интеллектуальные затраты, стоимость услуг подрядчиков и т.д. Важным показателем является оценка реальных результатов, а также рисков в реализации проекта. Особое внимание в рамках целевых установок развития региональной экономики привлекают проекты создания таких объектов инфраструктуры как строительство бизнес-центров, спортивных и торговых комплексов, развлекательных парков аттракционов и т.д. с включением инновационных технологий строительства и функционирования. При этом в ряде случаев при выделении государственной субсидии на финансирование проекта остро встает вопрос об управлении стоимостью при финансировании проекта. The article analyzes the formation of the economic concept of value in the historical aspect. It is noted that the valuation of projects is a complex process of measuring results at different stages of work; the cost of the project includes all the resources used, such as labor, materials, equipment and its depreciation, time and intellectual costs, the cost of contractors' services, etc. An important indicator is the assessment of real results, as well as risks in the implementation of the project. Special attention within the framework of the targets for the development of the regional economy is attracted by projects for the creation of such infrastructure facilities as the construction of business centers, sports and shopping complexes, amusement parks, etc. with the inclusion of innovative construction and operation technologies. At the same time, in a number of cases, when a state subsidy for project financing is allocated, the issue of cost management in project financing arises.

Abstract. The article is dedicated to analyzing the evolution of additive technologies from their inception to the present state. Special attention is given to the development of 3D printing technologies in construction. The research covers the historical context of the emergence of additive technologies, an analysis of current trends, and prospects for further development. Examples of successful applications of innovative 3D printing technologies are provided, and the main advantages and challenges associated with their implementation in construction are identified. An analysis of the additive technologies market in construction is conducted, revealing a positive trend toward further growth across all types of additive technologies, driven by their innovative potential, increasing demand, and integration into the manufacturing processes of various industries across countries. The article proposes the main directions for the further development and implementation of additive technologies in the construction sector. Key factors that will stimulate the development of the 3D printing market, such as the need for continuous improvement of hardware and materials, the reduction in the cost and availability of 3D printers (which will encourage their adoption by small enterprises), and the diversification of the 3D printing technology’s application areas based on user needs, are highlighted. A correlation between the development of the 3D printing market and other industrial sectors is identified. A comparative analysis of capital investments using traditional construction methods versus 3D printing technology across countries confirms the conclusions regarding the increased efficiency and cost reduction of projects through additive technologies, which is particularly relevant in the context of rebuilding Ukraine's damaged infrastructure. The prospects for the development of 3D printing technology in the construction industry, both in Ukraine and globally, are examined. A promising additive technology in construction, known as robocasting or direct ink printing, is studied. This technology serves as an alternative for manufacturing products with complex geometries that are practically impossible to create using traditional construction methods. Based on the conducted research, recommendations are formulated for creating favorable conditions for the development of additive technologies in Ukraine through the development of regulatory frameworks, technology accessibility, and the need for skilled workforce training.

Purpose. For quite a long time, the metro station of the pylon type of deep contour interval was considered an underground structure that no longer has development potential. However, after the introduction of innovative technologies during the construction of the Dnipro metro, in particular the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM), this design is being used again and has developed further use. The purpose of the scientific article is to analyze innovations in the technology of construction of a three-vaulted pylon metro station from precast reinforced concrete using NATM, which require scientific justification. Methodology. In order to achieve the goal, the traditional technology of constructing a deep contour interval pylon station was revised. An analysis of the features of NATM, which allow it to be used during the construction of a pylon station in strong rock, has been carried out. A step-by-step analysis of the construction of the station was implemented with the involvement of mathematical modeling based on the finite element method. For this purpose, a number of finite-element models of each stage of construction of a pylon-type station have been created. After the numerical analysis, the indicated models were adjusted in accordance with the changes associated with the new construction technology. Findings. The value of the stress-strain state of the pylon station was obtained during the numerical analysis of each stage of construction. Stress analysis proves the possibility of applying innovative construction technology in the case of a pylon station. Originality. On the basis of the performed numerical analysis of the phased construction of a pylon station based on NATM, dependencies were obtained that allow revising the existing concept of the construction of this type of station in strong rocks. The obtained data justify the application of NATM and release the potential of the analyzed underground structure. Practical value. The substantiation of the innovative technology based on NATM allows expanding the scope of its application and successfully carrying out the construction of such complex underground facilities.