Interaction of syntax, prosody and spatial lateralization during the processing of language

Syntactic and auditory spatial processing in the human temporal cortex: An MEG study

Benefits of intensive speech treatment have been documented for a range of speech signs in English speakers with Parkinson's Disease (PD). However, the answer to a critical question that whether the same treatment benefits speech variables including intelligibility in Mandarin speakers is still unclear. In order to develop a targeted speech treatment for Mandarin speakers with PD, we reviewed the efficacy of intensive speech treatment to improve vocal loudness and functional communication and discuss possible explanations for efficacy on Mandarin speakers with PD. Literatures about intensive speech treatment for Mandarin speakers with PD were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang and Weipu Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals (VIP) Database. Search strategy was (voice therapy OR speech therapy OR voice treatment OR speech treatment OR voice training OR speech training OR voice rehabilitation OR speech rehabilitation OR Lee Silverman voice treatment OR intensive speech treatment) and (Parkinson's disease) and (Mandarin speakers OR Chinese OR Chinese people). Five randomized controlled trials were selected and possible explanations for efficacy on individuals with PD are discussed. Further research directions are suggested. The existing evidence from treatment efficacy studies of intensive speech treatment provides support for improving vocal loudness, speech intelligibility, pitch and rate in Mandarin speakers with PD. Our future research will continue to work to conduct a large sample multicenter randomized controlled trial to provide high quality evidence and understand the basic mechanisms accompanying treatment-related change.

Interaural time difference (ITD) detection plays a critical role in sound localization. Some neurophysiology experiments found that the ITD discrimination threshold for single neuron in medial superior olive (MSO) is about 20 μs. In order to reveal the ITD coding mechanism essentially, an ITD detection model has been proposed in this paper based on the anatomical structure of the mammalian auditory system. Most previous research only discuss the relationship between the ITDs and the spike rate of the MSO neuron. In these results, the spike rate difference is under 1 spike/s when the ITD changes in 20 μs. It means the neuron needs more than 1 s to distinguish the ITD by spike rate coding. This explanation contradicts with the rapid and accurate sound localization response in animal psychoacoustics experiments. In our study, the neural coding in ITD detection model has been investigated via the approach of circle maps and symbolic dynamics. With these two methods, the ITDs under 20 μs can be detected in 1 s. This neural coding hypothesis agrees with the ITD detection response time in the animal behavior experiments.

Event Abstract Back to Event Sequencing Effects on Stimulus Specific Adaptation in Noisy Environments Lothar Lagemann1*, Hidehiko Okamoto1, Henning Stracke1 and Christo Pantev1 1 Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, Germany The ability of humans to consciously and attentively disentangle a single sound stream from multiple simultaneously present sounds (“noise”) is essential for daily life. It has been shown that during auditory focused attention the sequencing of sounds plays an important role for the auditory evoked N1m component. Of similar relevance is the ability of sound stream segregation under distracted attention conditions. Here we investigated the influences of signal to noise ratio (SNR) and stimulus sequencing on the auditory evoked field under non-attentive circumstances. During stimulus presentation, cortical activity was recorded by means of magnetoencephalography (MEG). AM-Tones of eight different carrier frequencies with a duration of 712.5 ms were used as test stimuli. The test stimuli were concatenated to chunks of 20 items, either with themselves (constant sequencing), or randomly mixed across all eight frequencies (random sequencing). In two of three SNR conditions, a white noise was added to the stimuli blocks. The total intensity of the noise was either 10 dB above stimulus intensity, or of the same intensity as the test stimuli. During stimulus presentation, subjects were actively watching a silent movie to distract attention away from the auditory domain. The recorded MEG data were evaluated with regard to the N1m source strengths and latencies. When stimuli were presented in silence, tones presented during random sequencing elicited a larger N1m source strength than during constant sequencing. With decreasing SNR, this difference vanished, and was even reversed in the condition where the noise intensity exceeded the test stimulus intensity by 10 dB. Besides the well known ’stimulus specific adaptation’, another mechanism, elicited by constant sequencing comes into play. This bottom-up driven involuntary attention mechanism in a noisy situation may be important for auditory scene analysis and presumably helps automatic tracking of sound streams. Conference: Biomag 2010 - 17th International Conference on Biomagnetism , Dubrovnik, Croatia, 28 Mar - 1 Apr, 2010. Presentation Type: Poster Presentation Topic: Sensory Processing and Functional Connectivity Citation: Lagemann L, Okamoto H, Stracke H and Pantev C (2010). Sequencing Effects on Stimulus Specific Adaptation in Noisy Environments. Front. Neurosci. Conference Abstract: Biomag 2010 - 17th International Conference on Biomagnetism . doi: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2010.06.00187 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 29 Mar 2010; Published Online: 29 Mar 2010. * Correspondence: Lothar Lagemann, Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, Munster, Germany, l.lagemann@uni-muenster.de Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Lothar Lagemann Hidehiko Okamoto Henning Stracke Christo Pantev Google Lothar Lagemann Hidehiko Okamoto Henning Stracke Christo Pantev Google Scholar Lothar Lagemann Hidehiko Okamoto Henning Stracke Christo Pantev PubMed Lothar Lagemann Hidehiko Okamoto Henning Stracke Christo Pantev Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.

Auditory evoked magnetic fields in relation to interaural time delay and interaural correlation

Changing the interaural time difference (ITD) of a continuous binaural noise causes a shift in the perceived lateralization of the noise and evokes a late auditory evoked potential with negative peak at 130 ms and a positive peak at 220 ms. The response is mainly evoked by stimulus frequencies below 2,000 Hz and is mediated through the middle and apical regions of the cochlea. The threshold for perceiving the lateralization reversal and for eliciting a clear evoked potential is approximately 15 dB higher than the intensity required to perceive the onset of the noise. Increasing the ITD up to 1.0 ms increases the amplitude of the evoked potential and the perceived lateralization of the noise. Further increases in the ITD decrease the amplitude of the evoked potential and make the perception of the sound less 'compact'. Decreasing the intensity of the sound in one ear decreases the response to a change in ITD, but recognizable responses occur with interaural intensity differences up to 30 dB.

Effects of interaural time differences on the responses of chinchilla inferior colliculus neurons to consonant-vowel syllables

Neurocognitive models and previous neuroimaging work posit that auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) arise due to increased activity in speech-sensitive regions of the left posterior superior temporal gyrus (STG). Here, we examined if patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) and AVH could be trained to down-regulate STG activity using real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback (rtfMRI-NF). We also examined the effects of rtfMRI-NF training on functional connectivity between the STG and other speech and language regions. Twelve patients with SCZ and treatment-refractory AVH were recruited to participate in the study and were trained to down-regulate STG activity using rtfMRI-NF, over four MRI scanner visits during a 2-week training period. STG activity and functional connectivity were compared pre- and post-training. Patients successfully learnt to down-regulate activity in their left STG over the rtfMRI-NF training. Post- training, patients showed increased functional connectivity between the left STG, the left inferior prefrontal gyrus (IFG) and the inferior parietal gyrus. The post-training increase in functional connectivity between the left STG and IFG was associated with a reduction in AVH symptoms over the training period. The speech-sensitive region of the left STG is a suitable target region for rtfMRI-NF in patients with SCZ and treatment-refractory AVH. Successful down-regulation of left STG activity can increase functional connectivity between speech motor and perception regions. These findings suggest that patients with AVH have the ability to alter activity and connectivity in speech and language regions, and raise the possibility that rtfMRI-NF training could present a novel therapeutic intervention in SCZ.

Whether signals from different sensory modalities converge and interact within primary cortices in humans is unresolved, despite emerging evidence in animals. This is partially because of debates concerning the appropriate analyses of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data in response to multisensory phenomena. Using event-related fMRI, we observed that simple auditory stimuli (noise bursts) activated primary visual cortices and that simple visual stimuli (checkerboards) activated primary auditory cortices, indicative of multisensory convergence. Moreover, analyses of blood oxygen level-dependent response dynamics revealed facilitation of hemodynamic response peak latencies and slopes for multisensory auditory-visual stimuli versus either unisensory condition, indicative of multisensory interactions within primary sensory cortices. Neural processing at the lowest cortical levels can be modulated by interactions between the senses. Temporal information in fMRI data can reveal these modulations and overcome analytic and interpretational challenges of more traditional procedures. In addition to providing an essential translational link with animal models, these results suggest that longstanding notions of cortical organization need to be revised to include multisensory interactions as an inherent component of functional brain organization.

Over-activation in bilateral superior temporal gyrus correlated with subsequent forgetting effect of Chinese words

Event Abstract Back to Event Behavior-dependent responses in primate frontal cortex neurons during natural behavior Primates are typified by their complex social systems and the sophisticated behaviors used to navigate them. Although relatively little research has been directly aimed at examining the neural substrates underlying primate social behaviors, it is clear that producing these behaviors requires an integration of both the sensory and motor information. While data on sensory-motor interactions in the primate cortex are available, relatively little remains known about this process in species - natural behaviors. Given the significance of natural behaviors in the evolutionary history and daily lives of nonhuman primates, empirical study of their underlying neural mechanisms may reveal unique insights into cortical functions. Here we recorded the single-unit activity of frontal cortex neurons in freely-moving common marmoset monkeys (Callithrix jacchus) engaged in a natural, species-typical behavior known as antiphonal calling, a vocal behavior involving the reciprocal exchange of vocalizations between conspecifics. Producing an antiphonal call is dependent upon first hearing a particular vocalization, a phee call, and producing the same call type in response. Importantly, the sequence of sensory and motor events in this behavior occurs over a 10-15s period of time. In our first set of analyses, we compared neural activity during each of the three elements of this behavior: sensory period (phee call stimulus), latency delay, and vocal-motor response (antiphonal call). The aim here was to determine whether neurons across the population showed firing rate changes during any of these three periods individually or in combination. Preliminary analyses revealed neuronal responses during each of these behavioral periods, with a population showing behaviorally modulated activity over the duration of the antiphonal calling behavior. This population of neurons typically showed one of two responses. The first class showed an increased firing rate during the phee stimulus and suppressed activity during the antiphonal call. The second class showed the inverse response, exhibiting suppression during phee stimulus and excitation during the antiphonal response. In our second set of analyses, we examined the effects of behavioral context of the neural response observed during antiphonal calling. Specifically, during test sessions, we presented subjects with phee call stimuli that did not elicit antiphonal callings and subjects produced phee calls spontaneously. As such, we tested whether neurons responded similarly during either the sensory stimulus or motor response alone compared to the same sensory or motor period during antiphonal calls. Our initial analysis suggests that the aforementioned "antiphonal calling" neurons show little response during the sensory stimulus and vocal-motor response independently. Together these data suggest that it is the sensory-motor integration during the antiphonal calling behavior that is driving the neural response. This study builds on our previous work examining the ethology and functional neuroanatomy of antiphonal calling in common marmosets. This work supported by grants from the NIH to CTM (F32 DC007022, K99 DC009007) and XW (R01 DC005808). Conference: Computational and systems neuroscience 2009, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, 26 Feb - 3 Mar, 2009. Presentation Type: Poster Presentation Topic: Poster Presentations Citation: (2009). Behavior-dependent responses in primate frontal cortex neurons during natural behavior. Front. Syst. Neurosci. Conference Abstract: Computational and systems neuroscience 2009. doi: 10.3389/conf.neuro.06.2009.03.067 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 30 Jan 2009; Published Online: 30 Jan 2009. Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Google Google Scholar PubMed Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.

Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) is characterized by a disregard of others' feelings, social norms, rules and obligations as well as increased reactive and proactive aggression among others. Experimental investigations of neural correlates of provocation and associated aggression often use competitive reaction time tasks played against a fictional opponent, such as the Taylor Aggression Paradigm (TAP). However, previous TAP neuroimaging research mainly focused on aggression levels in healthy and not forensic populations. This functional magnetic resonance imaging study on monetary TAP (mTAP) provocation and aggression assesses 20 violent offenders with ASPD and compares behavioral and neural responses to 17 age and education-matched healthy community participants (HC). Behaviorally, no significant group differences emerged, all participants reacted with increased punishment when faced with high vs. low provocation. On the neural level, offenders showed significantly stronger right superior temporal gyrus (STG) activation than HC during provocation. Exploratory analyses indicated that this STG activation was behaviorally relevant, as those with ASPD who expressed stronger STG activation during provocation also responded with stronger unprovoked punishment during the aggression phase. In addition, during the aggression phase, provocation was accompanied by increased left superior parietal lobe activation in ASPD compared to HC. In sum, this first mTAP fMRI study in ASPD found enhanced neural processing of provocation in ASPD which was also associated with more unprovoked aggression. The increased neural processing of provocation in ASPD and its association with subsequent higher aggression could have clinical relevance. At least, cognitive processing of perceived provocation could be a worthwhile intervention target for reducing aggressive response tendencies.

Event Abstract Back to Event Sensory-motor rhythms are modulated in response to perception of pain in others Steven Whitmarsh1*, Ole Jensen1, Ingrid Niewenhuis1 and Henk Barendregt2 1 Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Netherlands 2 Radboud University, Netherlands Recent years have seen the emergence of a neuroscientific understanding of empathic responses as embodied sensory and motor processing. For instance remarkable overlap in first- and third-person perspectives has been demonstrated when processing tactile, nociceptive, emotional or behavioral information. In the current study we used MEG (VSM-CTF; 275 sensors) to measure neuromagnetic responses to the observation of static pictures depicting hand and feet in painful and non-painful situations. Our main objective was to investigate oscillatory responses reflecting the perception of pain in others. We found that observation of the hand and feet in non-painful situations resulted in significant suppression of mu and beta oscillations over sensorimotor and visual regions. Observing the limbs in painful situations significantly suppressed these sensorimotor rhythms further. The effect was most pronounced above left sensorimotor regions. In addition, the painful stimuli also induced significantly higher power in the gamma band (65-100Hz) over occipital areas. In future analysis we will localize the source using beamformer techniques. In addition, we intend to characterize the functional cross-frequency coupling between central alpha/beta oscillations and the induced posterior gamma oscillations. Our findings so far suggest that viewing painful compared to neutral stimuli engages both sensorimotor areas and visual areas. This supports the notion that embodied representations are involved in processing the valence of perceived third-person events. Conference: Biomag 2010 - 17th International Conference on Biomagnetism , Dubrovnik, Croatia, 28 Mar - 1 Apr, 2010. Presentation Type: Poster Presentation Topic: Sensory Processing and Functional Connectivity Citation: Whitmarsh S, Jensen O, Niewenhuis I and Barendregt H (2010). Sensory-motor rhythms are modulated in response to perception of pain in others. Front. Neurosci. Conference Abstract: Biomag 2010 - 17th International Conference on Biomagnetism . doi: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2010.06.00154 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 26 Mar 2010; Published Online: 26 Mar 2010. * Correspondence: Steven Whitmarsh, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Netherlands, s.whitmarsh@cs.ru.nl Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Steven Whitmarsh Ole Jensen Ingrid Niewenhuis Henk Barendregt Google Steven Whitmarsh Ole Jensen Ingrid Niewenhuis Henk Barendregt Google Scholar Steven Whitmarsh Ole Jensen Ingrid Niewenhuis Henk Barendregt PubMed Steven Whitmarsh Ole Jensen Ingrid Niewenhuis Henk Barendregt Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.

Event Abstract Back to Event Long-range coupling of prefrontal cortex and visual (MT) or polysensory (STP) cortical areas in motion perception Lucia M. Vaina1, 2*, Finnegan Calabro1, Fa-Hsuan Lin2 and Matti Hamalainen3 1 Boston University, United States 2 Harvard University, United States 3 Massachusetts General Hospital, United States To investigate how, where and when moving auditory cues interact with the perception of object-motion during self-motion, we conducted psychophysical, and MEG experiments in which the subjects viewed nine textured objects during simulated forward self-motion. On each trial, one object was randomly assigned its own looming motion within the scene. Subjects reported which of four labeled objects had independent motion within the scene in two conditions: (1) visual information only and (2) with additional auditory cue. In psychophysics, observers performed slightly better in the presence of an auditory cue moving in the same direction with the object target (p=0.003, t=4.18, df=8, min 1.2%, and max 8.1). When the auditory cue was static, uninformative, it had not impact on performance. In cortically-constrained MEG source estimates, comparison of the two conditions showed: (i) MT (middle temporal area) activity similar across conditions; (ii) additional activity in the auditory cue condition ventral to MT late after the stimulus presentation; (iii) with the auditory cue, early activity at the right auditory cortex (AC) together with STP (superior temporal polysensory area), (iv) different time courses of these two activities with STP signals later in the epoch together with frontal activity in the right hemisphere, (v) stronger activity in PPC (posterior parietal cortex) in the visual-only condition than in the auditory-cue condition. In addition, Dynamic Granger Causality analysis among cortical regions showed for the auditory cues condition a strong connection of the AC with STP but not with MT suggesting binding of visual and auditory information at STP. Also, while in the visual-only condition PFC is connected with MT, in the auditory-cue condition PFC (prefrontal cortex) is connected to STP. These results indicate that PFC allocates attention to the “object” as a whole, in STP to a moving visual-auditory object, and in MT to a moving visual object. Conference: Biomag 2010 - 17th International Conference on Biomagnetism , Dubrovnik, Croatia, 28 Mar - 1 Apr, 2010. Presentation Type: Poster Presentation Topic: Sensory Processing and Functional Connectivity Citation: Vaina LM, Calabro F, Lin F and Hamalainen M (2010). Long-range coupling of prefrontal cortex and visual (MT) or polysensory (STP) cortical areas in motion perception. Front. Neurosci. Conference Abstract: Biomag 2010 - 17th International Conference on Biomagnetism . doi: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2010.06.00212 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 30 Mar 2010; Published Online: 30 Mar 2010. * Correspondence: Lucia M Vaina, Boston University, Boston, United States, vaina@bu.edu Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Lucia M Vaina Finnegan Calabro Fa-Hsuan Lin Matti Hamalainen Google Lucia M Vaina Finnegan Calabro Fa-Hsuan Lin Matti Hamalainen Google Scholar Lucia M Vaina Finnegan Calabro Fa-Hsuan Lin Matti Hamalainen PubMed Lucia M Vaina Finnegan Calabro Fa-Hsuan Lin Matti Hamalainen Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.

Event Abstract Back to Event Detection of Fetal Movement using Spatio-Temporal Magnetocardiogram Rathinaswamy Govindan1*, Srinivasan Vairavan2, Umit Ulusar3, Hubert Preissl4, 5, Pam Murphy1 and Curtis Lowery1 1 University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, United States 2 University of Arkansas at Little Rock, United States 3 University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Graduate Institute of Technology, United States 4 University of Tuebingen, MEG-Center,University Hospital, Germany 5 University of Arkansas, Department for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College, United States Fetal movement is used to understand the behavioral states and thereby the maturation of the fetus. Wakai proposed an approach to track fetal movement by studying the variation of the amplitude of the R-wave, (a major component of a cardiogram) over time. This technique is called the actocardiogram. However, if the fetus is located far away from the sensors, the variation in the R-wave amplitude is small and hence fetal movement cannot be reliably captured. Here we propose a novel approach to fetal movement detection using the spatio-temporal magnetocardiogram recorded by a 151 SQUID sensor system. Through signal space projection we attenuate the maternal cardiac signals. Using an adaptive Hilbert transform approach we identify the R-markers . At a given R-marker, we define center of gravity (COG) as the product of the sensor coordinates with their corresponding magnitude of the R amplitude and normalize this quantity by the sum of the magnitude of R amplitudes from all the sensors. Using this procedure we compute COG at all R-points and compute the average value (ave-COG) of all COGs. To define the actocardiogram, we compute the distance between COG obtained at each R-point and the ave-COG. By applying this procedure to our data, we show that the actocardiogram displays accelerations whenever there is acceleration in the fetal heart rate. To this end, for the movements identified by this approach, we calculate their duration and study its variation with gestational age. R.T. Wakai, Assessment of fetal neurodevelopment via fetal magnetocardiography, Exp. Neurology, 190; S65-71, 2004. U. D. Ulusar, R.B. Govindan, J. D. Wilson, C. L. Lowery, H. Preissl, H. Eswaran, Adaptive rule based fetal QRS complex detection using Hilbert transform, IEEE EMBS 2009, Minneapolis, MN, USA: , p. T23. Conference: Biomag 2010 - 17th International Conference on Biomagnetism , Dubrovnik, Croatia, 28 Mar - 1 Apr, 2010. Presentation Type: Poster Presentation Topic: Fetal and neonatal biomagnetism Citation: Govindan R, Vairavan S, Ulusar U, Preissl H, Murphy P and Lowery C (2010). Detection of Fetal Movement using Spatio-Temporal Magnetocardiogram. Front. Neurosci. Conference Abstract: Biomag 2010 - 17th International Conference on Biomagnetism . doi: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2010.06.00167 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 26 Mar 2010; Published Online: 26 Mar 2010. * Correspondence: Rathinaswamy Govindan, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Little Rock, United States, RBGovindan@uams.edu Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Rathinaswamy Govindan Srinivasan Vairavan Umit Ulusar Hubert Preissl Pam Murphy Curtis Lowery Google Rathinaswamy Govindan Srinivasan Vairavan Umit Ulusar Hubert Preissl Pam Murphy Curtis Lowery Google Scholar Rathinaswamy Govindan Srinivasan Vairavan Umit Ulusar Hubert Preissl Pam Murphy Curtis Lowery PubMed Rathinaswamy Govindan Srinivasan Vairavan Umit Ulusar Hubert Preissl Pam Murphy Curtis Lowery Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.