Internet-marketing as composition of the electronic commerce

The rapid development of information and communication technology has resulted in the emergence of a new economy marked by the phenomenon of internet-based business or e-commerce. The economic growth of the middle class of Southeast Asian people in the digital economy era is moving towards a non-cash transaction system and changing the lifestyle of people who depend on the internet for traveling, shopping and doing business online as well as creating new phenomena for the growth of the e-commerce industry or electronic commerce is attractive and growing rapidly. What is interesting is how the influence of middle class economic growth on the development of e-commerce in Southeast Asia. The method used in conducting this research is descriptive qualitative which aims to describe the phenomenon of the growth of the middle class in the development of e-commerce in Southeast Asia systematically for research and problem solving. The estimation results of this study are that with the increasing number of middle class people who use technology for business activities in the network, the development of e-commerce in ASEAN is marked by the use of electronic payment methods or cashless payments where business transaction processes become more efficient and stimulate economic growth. The emergence of new startups. The challenge for the use of e-commerce is readiness in overcoming problems related to ICT such as cyber security, internet networks and adequate ICT infrastructure. Every country in Southeast Asia has advantages and limitations in the use of e-commerce but digital globalization forces countries in Southeast Asia that are experiencing an economic growth to be prepared to build e-commerce infrastructure, especially for MSMEs by utilizing e-commerce to open new markets that are more and the government must prepare infrastructure and regulations that support entrepreneurs to compete in the current e-commerce era.

Information and communication technologies (ICT) are one of the important determinants for the rapid growth of E-Commerce transactions all over the world. The upshot of ICT and the initiative by Malaysian government flourish online businesses in the country. The aim of this paper is to show the potential growth of ICT and the development of E-Commerce in Malaysia. The impact of internet usage, internet disclosure, internet experience and the improvement of ICT have positive implications for the information technology (IT) infrastructure and for the E-Commerce development in the country. Finding shows that the behavior of internet users for purchasing online is changing through the growth of ICT and IT infrastructure. The increasing rate of internet users, online spending and adopting of new technologies are the key drivers for the development of E-Commerce in Malaysia. Government initiatives for the development of IT infrastructure and E-Commerce have shown a positive feedback from the businesses all over the country. This study may enable the decision makers of the developing countries to adopt the initiatives and steps of the Malaysian government as a role model for the development of E-Commerce and knowledge base economy. This paper also provides the background of the ICT dependency, its influence on purchase intentions and the development of E-Commerce in Malaysia.

The aim of the article. The purpose of the study was to revel the essence, models, forms and tools of e-commerce, to summarize existing problems that negatively affect the development of e-commerce and possible directions for their solution. Analysis results. As a result of the comparative analysis, it was established that e-commerce is a part of electronic business and is a process of buying and selling goods or services via the Internet or other digital networks, covering online transactions, electronic payments, ordering and delivery of products. It uses various digital tools, including payment systems, online advertising, mobile applications for shopping, and allows access to the global market, regardless of the geographical location of the seller or buyer. Various models and forms of company presence on the Internet are identified and characterized. The components of e-commerce are summarized and defined, among which attention is focused on the application in practical activities of various tools, including online stores, electronic payment systems, customer interaction management systems, logistics, analytical systems and marketing tools. As a result of the analysis of various scientific views, the advantages of e-commerce and traditional forms of sales are revealed, which indicates the possibility of their simultaneous existence. Based on the analysis of secondary data, the most common problems and challenges that currently negatively affect and may affect the development of e-commerce in the future have been identified and summarized. The main directions that positively affect the opinions of buyers and their decisions to make online purchases, as well as will contribute to the further development of e-commerce, have been outlined. Conclusions and prospects for further research. The rapid development of e-commerce directly affects various types of businesses. Therefore, the immediate priority is to quickly develop and implement new technologies for promoting and selling goods online through various online channels. E-commerce marketing tools should be aimed at providing potential buyers with a more personalized experience that will increase the efficiency of trade and the level of conversions. Such state-of-the-art tools should be used by implementing technologies such as neural networks, machine learning, AI-based recommendation systems, big data science methods, and autoregressive models. The use of e-business in commercial operations requires consideration of endogenous and exogenous elements that influence it. Given the importance of both variables for relationship-based marketing and the opportunities of e-business in the competitive struggle, companies should apply and work to strengthen digital marketing capabilities and strategies to contribute to the effectiveness of their organization, growth and survival in globalized trade, and gaining competitive advantages, as well as apply e-marketing as a new technological activity. Therefore, future scientific research will be aimed at studying the factors that stimulate the development of e-commerce and their impact on the formation of eCommerce marketing strategies.

At present, the pace of development of China's e-commerce is very fast, but the most important part in electronic commerce logistics can not meet the requirements of the development of electronic commerce, so the research on electronic commerce and logistics coordinated development is very meaningful. The purpose of this study is to find out the factors that restrict the coordinated development of e-commerce and logistics, and formulate the development strategy according to these constraints. In this study, through literature review and summarized the electronic commerce and logistics coordinated development situation, and summed up the electronic commerce and logistics coordinated development problems, we give the conclusion is: Electronic Commerce and logistics cannot be coordinated development of several aspects, which is not the transmission of information, service and sales. Our research shows that the government and the related enterprises adopt some corresponding strategies to solve the problem of collaborative development. These strategies are: using existing resources to integrate logistics enterprises at the end, constructing e-commerce and logistics collaborative information platform, and innovating management technology to improve the level of collaborative management. This study provides a new idea for the government and related enterprises.

Due to the increasing number of internet users worldwide and the development of e-commerce contracts, the idea of e-consumer protection has become more necessary and has got more attention at the international level. This research aims to examine the justifications of consumer protection in electronic commerce. The importance of this research appears in shadow of enacting the Iraqi Consumer Protection Law No. 1 of 2010, where it did not include any legal provisions for the protection of transactions conducted by through the Internet. We found that the justifications for consumer protection in e-commerce are legal and technical justifications. The most important legal justifications is the legal status of the consumer in relation to the profession, the latter is the strongest economically and cognitively, unlike the consumer who is in a weak position, which makes the relationship between the parties not balanced while, the most important technical justifications is the development in the field of information and communications technology, in addition to the issue of consumer confidence in e-commerce as one of the issues that can limit the size and development of e-commerce.

Electronic commerce is one of the results of the development in information technology. It provides new opportunities for consumers and business. E-commerce participates in making the world one market and crossing borders that previously was unimaginable. Iraq is one of the examples of developing countries also benefits from the development in e-commerce. However, many factors may obstruct the development and adoption of e-commerce. The existing legal framework of e-commerce, namely the Consumer Protection Act No.1 of 2010 and the Electronic Signature and Transactions Act No. 78 of 2012 does not cover several crucial issues such as data security, dispute resolution mechanisms, misleading advertising or unclear liability in cross-border transactions. Therefore, this study triggers to examine the consumer protection according to Iraqi laws to determine the extent to which these laws are sufficient to provide protection for consumer rights in e-commerce transactions. For this purpose, it adopts the analytical method by analysing the provisions of Iraqi legislations relating to consumer protection. This study found that the current Iraqi legislations are insufficient to provide enough protection for consumers in e-commerce. And there is a necessity to revise these legislations to grant effective protection for consumers in Iraqi in this field.

Electronic commerce (e-commerce) refers to the transfer of the traditional concept of commerce to digital platforms due to the acceleration of technological developments and globalization. This transformation enables commercial transactions to be carried out over computer networks and internet infrastructure, thus offering important advantages such as time saving, low cost, wide market access and elimination of physical limitations. The most prominent feature of e-commerce is that transactions are carried out in a virtual environment instead of a physical store or office and are accessible 24/7. The purpose of this study is to examine the main features of e-commerce platforms, to analyze the usage patterns in the context of user experience and success factors. The scope of work, electronic trading systems; and its object is product and service buying and selling processes in digital environments. Literature review was used as a research method; national and international ecommerce definitions, models and practices are evaluated comparatively. Important institutions such as the World Trade Organization, OECD and Japan Electronic Commerce Center have developed definitions emphasizing different aspects of e-commerce. In general, it is defined as the implementation of production, promotion, sales and distribution processes of products and services through digital platforms and telecommunication technologies. E-commerce is not only limited to the private sector, but also public institutions are among the important stakeholders of this process. The relevance of e-commerce is due to both the need for businesses to integrate into the digitalization process and the growing online shopping habits of consumers. Various e-commerce models such as B2C (company-consumer), B2B (between companies), C2C (between consumers), B2G (company-state) and C2G (consumer-state) were introduced in the study. In addition, the role of the right product management, user-friendly web design, effective digital marketing strategies, customer satisfaction, innovation, patience and trust factors is emphasized for the success of these models. As a result, the development of e-commerce provides businesses with a competitive advantage; it offers versatile benefits to consumers such as quick information access, affordable shopping and time saving. In this way, the structure and operation of e-commerce platforms has become one of the most important issues of today, both academically and sectorally. In addition, the technologies used in the infrastructure of e-commerce directly affect the success in this field. Secure payment systems, mobile-friendly designs, fast cargo integration, stock tracking software and artificial intelligence-supported recommendation systems contribute to increasing sales by improving the user experience. Especially the increase of purchases made on mobile devices has made it necessary to support e-commerce platforms with mobile applications. In this regard, businesses that want to operate in digital marketplaces should prioritize not only product, but also service quality. These aspects of e-commerce will play a decisive role on future economic structures and consumption habits. Keywords: electronic commerce, digital economy, B2C and B2B models, advantages of e-commerce, information technologies and commerce

Over the past few decades, the use of e-commerce in business has increased significantly. More and more companies that used to focus exclusively on offline operations are beginning to consider e-commerce as a promising area of strategic development. As a result, studying the state of the e-commerce market in Ukraine, as well as trends and barriers to its development, will allow to develop an understanding of the peculiarities of the functioning and growth of business entities in the context of the Ukrainian online environment. In this regard, it is worth paying special attention to the study of the specifics of the development of the e-commerce market as a strategic recovery of the Ukrainian economy. The subject of the study is the process of development of the Ukrainian e-commerce market in the conditions of war. The purpose is to research and analyse the state of the e-commerce market in Ukraine in the context of growing instability caused by the war, as well as to identify key issues and trends in the development of the e-commerce system in an unstable and changing environment. The questions of this study require the use of a combination of general scientific and modern research methods, among which the most important are the method of system analysis (when studying the approaches and points of view of Ukrainian and Western scientists), economic and statistical analysis (to determine the trends in the development of e-commerce in Ukraine), analysis and synthesis (when studying the types and models of e-commerce), graphic analysis (to visualize a number of theoretical and practical provisions of the article). The article examines the state of the e-commerce market in Ukraine during the war. It finds that until 2022 there was a significant increase in the volume and growth rate of the e-commerce market. With the outbreak of the war, the market experienced a dramatic drop in volume, but from 2023 significant stabilisation processes took place. The importance of further development of the e-commerce market not only during the war, but also to overcome its consequences during the post-war recovery period is determined. Conclusions. Ukrainian e-commerce is experiencing high growth rates. The barriers to entering the online market are relatively low and the benefits of e-commerce for users and entrepreneurs are tangible. However, at the current stage, the Ukrainian e-commerce market has many unresolved issues that hinder its development. If the key issues are effectively addressed, the development of e-commerce in Ukraine will have a future.

With the development of e-commerce, online shopping has become one of the most important consumer channels. However, the lack of government supervision, insufficient review of e-commerce platforms, illegal sales of online sellers and invalid consumer complaints have led to frequent green product quality problems during online shopping. Therefore, this paper considers that the online seller may be driven by interests, colluding with the e-commerce platform and selling low quality green product. At the same time, we introduce consumer feedback, and take the government supervision department, the online seller and the e-commerce platform as actors of the evolutionary game. In this paper, the evolutionary strategy choices of each actor were analyzed, and the influence of different factors on the evolutionary stability results was explored. Research indicates: firstly, consumer complaints play an indirect regulatory role for the online seller; secondly, the enhancement of the loss-sharing relationship between the online seller and the e-commerce platform can promote the legal operation of the two and prevent collusion; thirdly, the impact of consumer complaints on the choice of the e-commerce platform depends on the government supervision department’s penalty for the e-commerce platform; finally, the e-commerce platform establishes a reasonable reward system, which can make up for the defects of the online seller using advanced technology to avoid punishment. Our paper uses Matlab 2017 for simulation analysis and provides effective advices on how to urge the government supervision department to effectively supervise, promote the e-commerce platform to enhance review, urge the online seller to legal sale, and encourage consumers to legally defend their rights.

The rapid spread of information technologies, in combination with the new stage of development of economic relations, contribute to the spread of electronic commerce. Spreading everywhere and offering an increasingly wide range of goods and services, electronic commerce becomes a tool for integrating individuals, enterprises, industries, government institutions, and states into a single community, within which the interaction of partners is effectively and smoothly realized using information and telecommunication technologies. The advantages of using the Internet attract an increasing number of participants who seek to take advantage of new opportunities for doing business, making sales, and purchases. The article examines today’s largest e-commerce markets in the global economy. It was determined that in the current conditions on the world market of international electronic trade, several global centers of electronic commerce have formed, which are significantly ahead of the rest of the world regarding market size, development rates, and the spread of information and communication technologies. Three leaders in the global e-commerce market have been identified: China, which quickly improved the direction of e-commerce; the market of the United States of America, which was the first to develop the order of e-commerce and held the lead for a long time; and the member states of the European Union. The research investigated the main modern trends in the e-commerce markets of China, the United States of America, and the European Union. The largest e-commerce markets were formed in China and the USA, which account for more than half of all global online sales in international trade. Although these countries have a constantly growing volume of the electronic market, the Chinese market is considered more promising. This is because China has a large population and low Internet penetration, indicating its great potential. At a time when in the USA, about two-thirds of the entire population already has Internet access and conducts transactions on the network, in Europe the undisputed e-commerce market leaders are Germany and France, which account for 81.5% of online sales in Europe.

In this world of competitive business environment where every thing is getting supersonic speed, the old business trends are not finding them to provide the most suitable business solutions. Business world is becoming global market and the business rules, business processes and techniques are also required to be updated. The new threats and challenges are emerged as the outcome of globalization though the opportunities are also enhanced. The one of the major challenges of the business world is handling of huge data volumes to find relevant data and then to extract relevant and meaningful information to design planning and strategy to get the maximum benefit in any business domain. Although it seems to be Electronic commerce (e-Commerce) is a general concept which covers any form of business transaction or information exchange executed using information and communication technologies (ICT's).E-Commerce includes electronic trading of goods, services and electronic material e-Commerce systems include commercial transactions on the Internet but their scope is much wider than this e.g Electronic Market, Electronic Data Exchange (EDI), Internet Commerce. It is the commercialization and popularization of the Internet that has put e-Commerce towards the top of the public and political agenda but e-Commerce using electronic markets and EDI have been an established part of the business scene for at least a decade prior to the 'Internet era'. This article is provides an account of electronic commerce with respect to the link with various stake holders.

This paper discusses professional women's perceptions of the skills required for working in the information technology (IT) industry with respect to the skills women bring to IT work and how the skills contribute to their career progression. The paper references interviews with ten women IT professionals who were asked to describe their entry into the IT industry, their perceptions of IT careers and the skills requirements for success. It was found that an ability to switch between different types of skills (people skills and technical skills) and to adapt to different IT environments contributed to the career progression of women in the IT industry. In the newer areas of IT such as electronic commerce, the ability to switch between one skill set to another is important for the success of such applications. It is suggested that the misrepresentation of the specialization available in the IT industry is an important factor contributing to the gender gap at higher managerial levels and it can only be closed if the range of skills, aptitudes and career paths are made clear to the women.

Technology plays a vital role in every field of life especially in business and education. Electronic commerce (EC) begins in the year of 1991 right after internet was introduced for commercial use [1]. It is known to be the 12th five years' plan (2011 to 2015) of Chinese Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. The main objective of this study is to highlight the latest academic research trends on different topics or themes of EC in China by using university digital resources that is digital library. In order to obtain these latest academic trends, we have conducted bibliometric study and collected data from digital library for last six years i.e. from 2010 to 2015. The main motivation to choose this research topic and China was the worldwide reputation of this country, as top EC country in the world due to its high number of online users, and also impact of five years' Chinese government EC plan and policy. So, due to these facts we have established our research questions related to EC research trends in China to explore the answer of our Research Question: What are the latest research trends in the field of electronic commerce in China since 2010? As we wanted to know the answer thus we collected data through digital library and analyzed them fully to get a brief outlook about this EC trend. Result showed that a lot of research was already conducted on EC topics in China on different themes during the said duration. We can conclude that, this research trends showed that EC is a potential research field in China due to government five year EC policies or plan and to promote IT culture in Chinese society. This research provides guideline to the government IT policy makers and also academia researcher to be more focused on few topics or themes, where China is lacking behind, as leading EC country in the world.

Revisiting Mackay Online

Implication of International Law in Electronic Commerce and Cyber Crime: An Experience of Nepal